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Melegová N, Čoma M, Urban L, Kaňuchová M, Szabo P, Smetana K, Mučaji P, Gál P. Aesculus hippocastanum L. extract differently modulates normal human dermal fibroblasts and cancer-associated fibroblasts from basal/squamous cell carcinoma. Neoplasma 2021; 69:224-232. [PMID: 34962824 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2021_210622n826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are actively involved in the formation of granulation tissue and/or tumor stroma. These cells possess the potential to differentiate into myofibroblasts acquiring a highly contractile phenotype characterized by the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA). Considering TGF-β1 as the main inducer of myofibroblast differentiation and horse chestnut extract (HCE) as an effective modulator of the wound healing, we have new evidence to demonstrate canonical TGF-β1/SMAD and non-canonical/non-SMAD signaling in normal fibroblasts, isolated from healthy human skin (human dermal fibroblasts - HDFs), and their malignant counterparts (CAFs) isolated from basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) using western blot and immunofluorescence. Our study revealed that HCE stimulated the deposition of fibronectin by BCC fibroblasts (BCCFs), an effect not seen in other studied fibroblasts. Moreover, HCE in combination with TGF-β1 showed a synergic effect on the presence of polymerized SMA-stress fibers, particularly visible in CAFs. Interestingly, the TGF-β1 exposure led to activation of the canonical SMAD signaling in HDFs and BCCFs, whereas treatment of SCC fibroblasts (SCCFs) resulted in activation of the non-canonical AKT and/or ERK1/2 signaling. In conclusion, we observed specific differences in signaling between HDFs and CAFs that should be considered when developing new therapeutic approaches targeting wound/tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Melegová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Matúš Čoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.,Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Lukáš Urban
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.,Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Kaňuchová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Szabo
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,BIOCEV-Biotechnology and Biomedical Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,BIOCEV-Biotechnology and Biomedical Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mučaji
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Gál
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.,Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kosice, Slovakia.,Prague Burn Centre, Third Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Kaňuchová M, Urban L, Melegová N, Čoma M, Dvořánková B, Smetana K, Gál P. Genistein does not inhibit TGF-beta1-induced conversion of human dermal fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Physiol Res 2021; 70:815-820. [PMID: 34505520 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) is a pro-fibrotic cytokine with a key role in wound repair and regeneration, including induction of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition. Genistein is a naturally occurring selective estrogen receptor modulator with promising anti-fibrotic properties. In the present study we aimed to investigate whether genistein modulates TGF-beta1 (canonical and non-canonical) signaling in normal dermal fibroblasts at the protein level (Western blot and immunofluorescence). We demonstrated that TGF-beta1 induces the myofibroblast-like phenotype in the studied fibroblast signaling via canonical (SMAD) and non-canonical (AKT, ERK1/2, ROCK) pathways. Genistein induced only ERK1/2 expression, whereas the combination of TGF-beta1 and genistein attenuated the ERK1/2 and ROCK signaling. Of note, the other studied pathways remained almost unaffected. From this point of view, genistein does not impair conversion of normal fibroblasts to myofibroblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kaňuchová
- Department of Pharmacology, MediPark and East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic. or
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Novák Š, Kolář M, Szabó A, Vernerová Z, Lacina L, Strnad H, Šáchová J, Hradilová M, Havránek J, Španko M, Čoma M, Urban L, Kaňuchová M, Melegová N, Gürlich R, Dvořák J, Smetana K, Gál P, Szabo P. Desmoplastic Crosstalk in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Is Reflected by Different Responses of Panc-1, MIAPaCa-2, PaTu-8902, and CAPAN-2 Cell Lines to Cancer-associated/Normal Fibroblasts. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 18:221-243. [PMID: 33893076 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) still represents one of the most aggressive cancers. Understanding of the epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk as a crucial part of the tumor microenvironment should pave the way for therapies to improve patient survival rates. Well-established cell lines present a useful and reproducible model to study PDAC biology. However, the tumor-stromal interactions between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are still poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied interactions between four PDAC cell lines (Panc-1, CAPAN-2, MIAPaCa-2, and PaTu-8902) and conditioned media derived from primary cultures of normal fibroblasts/PDAC-derived CAFs (PANFs). RESULTS When the tested PDAC cell lines were stimulated by PANF-derived conditioned media, the most aggressive behavior was acquired by the Panc-1 cell line (increased number and size of colonies, remaining expression of vimentin and keratin 8 as well as increase of epithelial-to-mesenchymal polarization markers), whereas PaTu-8902 cells were rather inhibited. Of note, administration of the conditioned media to MIAPaCa-2 cells resulted in an inverse effect on the size and number of colonies, whereas CAPAN-2 cells were rather stimulated. To explain the heterogeneous pattern of the observed PDAC crosstalk at the in vitro level, we further compared the phenotype of primary cultures of cells derived from ascitic fluid with that of the tested PDAC cell lines, analyzed tumor samples of PDAC patients, and performed gene expression profiling of PANFs. Immuno-cyto/histo-chemical analysis found specific phenotype differences within the group of examined patients and tested PDAC cell lines, whereas the genomic approach in PANFs found the key molecules (IL6, IL8, MFGE8 and periostin) that may contribute to the cancer aggressive behavior. CONCLUSION The desmoplastic patient-specific regulation of cancer cells by CAFs (also demonstrated by the heterogeneous response of PDAC cell lines to fibroblasts) precludes simple targeting and development of an effective treatment strategy and rather requires establishment of an individualized tumor-specific treatment protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štepán Novák
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kolář
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Arpád Szabó
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdena Vernerová
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Lacina
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Strnad
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Šáchová
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miluše Hradilová
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Havránek
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Informatics and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Španko
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Stomatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matúš Čoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Lukáš Urban
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic.,Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MediPark, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Miriam Kaňuchová
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MediPark, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Nikola Melegová
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MediPark, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Robert Gürlich
- Department of Surgery, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Dvořák
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Gál
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic; .,Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MediPark, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic.,Prague Burn Centre, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Královske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavol Szabo
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; .,BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic.,Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic
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Lacina L, Čoma M, Dvořánková B, Kodet O, Melegová N, Gál P, Smetana K. Evolution of Cancer Progression in the Context of Darwinism. Anticancer Res 2019; 39:1-16. [PMID: 30591435 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Our review compares evolution of cancer in the human body to the origin of new species from a common ancestor organism with respect to the theory of Charles Darwin. Moreover, the functional role of the tumor microenvironment as a selective pressure actively participating in cancer progression is also demonstrated. Evolutionary aspects of tumor growth and invasion from the point of view of modern therapeutic challenges and opportunities in precision personalized medicine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Lacina
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Matúš Čoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Inc., Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Dvořánková
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kodet
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Melegová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Gál
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic .,Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Inc., Košice, Slovak Republic.,Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic .,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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