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Limbu S, Farjo N, Farjo B, Kemp P, Higgins C. 746 Transcriptomic profiling of frontal and occipital dermal papilla reveals potential role of TRPS1 in androgenic alopecia. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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2
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Limbu S, Farjo N, Farjo B, Kemp P, Higgins C. 584 Transcriptomic analysis to identify protective dermal papilla signature in occipital scalp. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Haslam IS, Zhou G, Xie G, Teng X, Ao X, Yan Z, Smart E, Rutkowski D, Wierzbicka J, Zhou Y, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Farjo N, Farjo B, Paus R, Yue Z. Inhibition of Shh Signaling through MAPK Activation Controls Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:334-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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4
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Haslam I, Zhou G, Xie G, Teng X, Ao X, Yan Z, Smart E, Rutkowski D, Wierzbicka J, Zhou Y, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Farjo N, Farjo B, Paus R, Yue Z. LB968 Inhibition of sonic hedgehog signalling via MAPK activation controls chemotherapy-induced alopecia. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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5
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Hardman-Smart JA, Purba TS, Panicker S, Farjo B, Farjo N, Harries MJ, Paus R. Does mitochondrial dysfunction of hair follicle epithelial stem cells play a role in the pathobiology of lichen planopilaris? Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:964-966. [PMID: 32471007 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J A Hardman-Smart
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - T S Purba
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - S Panicker
- Department of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kerala, India
| | - B Farjo
- Farjo Hair Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - N Farjo
- Farjo Hair Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - M J Harries
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK.,The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - R Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK.,Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany
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Jadkauskaite L, Bahri R, Farjo N, Farjo B, Jenkins G, Bhogal R, Haslam I, Bulfone-Paus S, Paus R. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like-2 pathway modulates substance P-induced human mast cell activation and degranulation in the hair follicle. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:1331-1333.e8. [PMID: 29859202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jadkauskaite
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, MAHSC and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rajia Bahri
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, MAHSC and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bessam Farjo
- Farjo Medical Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gail Jenkins
- Unilever R&D Colworth, Colworth Science Park, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Ranjit Bhogal
- Unilever R&D Colworth, Colworth Science Park, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Haslam
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, MAHSC and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Bulfone-Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, MAHSC and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, MAHSC and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fla.
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7
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Broadley D, Sharov A, Sundberg J, Bertolini M, Farjo N, Mardaryev A, Botchkareva N. 1367 The protective role of miR-486 for alopecia areata. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Buscone S, Mardaryev AN, Raafs B, Bikker JW, Sticht C, Gretz N, Farjo N, Uzunbajakava NE, Botchkareva NV. A new path in defining light parameters for hair growth: Discovery and modulation of photoreceptors in human hair follicle. Lasers Surg Med 2017; 49:705-718. [PMID: 28418107 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Though devices for hair growth based on low levels of light have shown encouraging results, further improvements of their efficacy is impeded by a lack of knowledge on the exact molecular targets that mediate physiological response in skin and hair follicle. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of selected light-sensitive receptors in the human hair follicle and to study the impact of UV-free blue light on hair growth ex vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression of Opsin receptors in human skin and hair follicles has been characterized using RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence approaches. The functional significance of Opsin 3 was assessed by silencing its expression in the hair follicle cells followed by a transcriptomic profiling. Proprietary LED-based devices emitting two discrete visible wavelengths were used to access the effects of selected optical parameters on hair growth ex vivo and outer root sheath cells in vitro. RESULTS The expression of OPN2 (Rhodopsin) and OPN3 (Panopsin, Encephalopsin) was detected in the distinct compartments of skin and anagen hair follicle. Treatment with 3.2 J/cm2 of blue light with 453 nm central wavelength significantly prolonged anagen phase in hair follicles ex vivo that was correlated with sustained proliferation in the light-treated samples. In contrast, hair follicle treatment with 3.2 J/cm2 of 689 nm light (red light) did not significantly affect hair growth ex vivo. Silencing of OPN3 in the hair follicle outer root sheath cells resulted in the altered expression of genes involved in the control of proliferation and apoptosis, and abrogated stimulatory effects of blue light (3.2 J/cm2 ; 453 nm) on proliferation in the outer root sheath cells. CONCLUSIONS We provide the first evidence that (i) OPN2 and OPN3 are expressed in human hair follicle, and (ii) A 453 nm blue light at low radiant exposure exerts a positive effect on hair growth ex vivo, potentially via interaction with OPN3. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:705-718, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Buscone
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Centre for Skin Sciences, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, United Kingdom.,Philips Research, High Tech Campus 34, Eindhoven 5656 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei N Mardaryev
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Centre for Skin Sciences, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Bianca Raafs
- Philips Research, High Tech Campus 34, Eindhoven 5656 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Jan W Bikker
- Consultants in Quantitative Methods BV, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Center of Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Center of Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Natalia V Botchkareva
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Centre for Skin Sciences, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
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9
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Haslam IS, Jadkauskaite L, Szabó IL, Staege S, Hesebeck-Brinckmann J, Jenkins G, Bhogal RK, Lim FL, Farjo N, Farjo B, Bíró T, Schäfer M, Paus R. Oxidative Damage Control in a Human (Mini-) Organ: Nrf2 Activation Protects against Oxidative Stress-Induced Hair Growth Inhibition. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:295-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Asamaowei I, Farjo N, Botchkarev V, Botchkareva N, Mardaryev A. 102 EZH2 is required for human hair follicle growth and epidermal differentiation. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Treating patients with burn alopecia or hair loss can often be a challenge to
both the surgeon and the patient. As with other reconstructive procedures that
are required in the post-burn phase, this is usually a multiple stage process
often requiring surgery over several years. This is because graft take is not as
reliable as in healthy non-scarred skin and may need repeating to achieve
adequate density. Also, different areas of hair loss may need to be addressed in
separate procedures. There are several limiting factors that will determine
whether or not a patient is a candidate for hair restoration which includes but
is not limited to the amount of hair loss and the availability of suitable donor
hair. Here we discuss how the current surgical technique of hair transplant
surgery by follicular unit extraction (FUE) or strip follicular unit transplant
(FUT) has become the treatment of choice for alopecic areas that require a more
refined aesthetic result. Eyebrow, eyelash, beard and scalp hair loss can all
have a negative impact on a burn survivor’s self-esteem and even if surgery is
not a possibility, there are non-surgical options available for hair restoration
and these are also discussed.
This article explores the procedure of hair transplantation in the context of
general options for hair restoration for individuals that have suffered hair
loss due to burn injuries. Treating hair loss due to burns can often be a
difficult process for both the surgeon and the patient. As with other surgical
procedures that are required in the post-burn phase, hair restoration is usually
a multiple stage process often requiring surgery over several years. This is
because transplanted hairs are not as reliably successful as in healthy
non-scarred skin and many repeat treatments may be needed to achieve adequate
density, which is important for a natural look. In addition, different areas of
hair loss may need to be addressed in separate procedures. There are several
factors that will determine whether or not a patient is a good candidate for
hair restoration which includes such things as the amount of hair loss and how
much suitable donor hair (the donor is the area from which hair is taken, or
donated) is available if the scalp has been affected by scarring. Eyebrow,
eyelash, beard and scalp hair loss can all have a negative impact on a burn
survivor’s self-esteem and confidence. Even if surgery is not a possibility
there are non-surgical options, outlined in this article, which may be available
for hair restoration. In this article we explain why the current surgical
technique of hair transplant surgery has become the surgical treatment of choice
for restoring areas of hair loss, especially in areas that require a more
refined and natural result such as eyebrows.
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12
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Hardman JA, Tobin DJ, Haslam IS, Farjo N, Farjo B, Al-Nuaimi Y, Grimaldi B, Paus R. The peripheral clock regulates human pigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1053-1064. [PMID: 25310406 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the regulation of pigmentation is well characterized, it remains unclear whether cell-autonomous controls regulate the cyclic on-off switching of pigmentation in the hair follicle (HF). As human HFs and epidermal melanocytes express clock genes and proteins, and given that core clock genes (PER1, BMAL1) modulate human HF cycling, we investigated whether peripheral clock activity influences human HF pigmentation. We found that silencing BMAL1 or PER1 in human HFs increased HF melanin content. Furthermore, tyrosinase expression and activity, as well as TYRP1 and TYRP2 mRNA levels, gp100 protein expression, melanocyte dendricity, and the number gp100+ HF melanocytes, were all significantly increased in BMAL1 and/or PER1-silenced HFs. BMAL1 or PER1 silencing also increased epidermal melanin content, gp100 protein expression, and tyrosinase activity in human skin. These effects reflect direct modulation of melanocytes, as BMAL1 and/or PER1 silencing in isolated melanocytes increased tyrosinase activity and TYRP1/2 expression. Mechanistically, BMAL1 knockdown reduces PER1 transcription, and PER1 silencing induces phosphorylation of the master regulator of melanogenesis, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, thus stimulating human melanogenesis and melanocyte activity in situ and in vitro. Therefore, the molecular clock operates as a cell-autonomous modulator of human pigmentation and may be targeted for future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Hardman
- The Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Doctoral Training Centre in Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Desmond J Tobin
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Iain S Haslam
- The Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Yusur Al-Nuaimi
- The Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Benedetto Grimaldi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genoa, Italy
| | - Ralf Paus
- The Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Dermatology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
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13
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Hardman JA, Haslam IS, Farjo N, Farjo B, Paus R. Thyroxine differentially modulates the peripheral clock: lessons from the human hair follicle. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121878. [PMID: 25822259 PMCID: PMC4379003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The human hair follicle (HF) exhibits peripheral clock activity, with knock-down of clock genes (BMAL1 and PER1) prolonging active hair growth (anagen) and increasing pigmentation. Similarly, thyroid hormones prolong anagen and stimulate pigmentation in cultured human HFs. In addition they are recognized as key regulators of the central clock that controls circadian rhythmicity. Therefore, we asked whether thyroxine (T4) also influences peripheral clock activity in the human HF. Over 24 hours we found a significant reduction in protein levels of BMAL1 and PER1, with their transcript levels also decreasing significantly. Furthermore, while all clock genes maintained their rhythmicity in both the control and T4 treated HFs, there was a significant reduction in the amplitude of BMAL1 and PER1 in T4 (100 nM) treated HFs. Accompanying this, cell-cycle progression marker Cyclin D1 was also assessed appearing to show an induced circadian rhythmicity by T4 however, this was not significant. Contrary to short term cultures, after 6 days, transcript and/or protein levels of all core clock genes (BMAL1, PER1, clock, CRY1, CRY2) were up-regulated in T4 treated HFs. BMAL1 and PER1 mRNA was also up-regulated in the HF bulge, the location of HF epithelial stem cells. Together this provides the first direct evidence that T4 modulates the expression of the peripheral molecular clock. Thus, patients with thyroid dysfunction may also show a disordered peripheral clock, which raises the possibility that short term, pulsatile treatment with T4 might permit one to modulate circadian activity in peripheral tissues as a target to treat clock-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Hardman
- The Dermatology Centre, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Doctoral Training Centre in Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Interdisciplinary Bio centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Iain S. Haslam
- The Dermatology Centre, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nilofer Farjo
- The Farjo Hair Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bessam Farjo
- The Farjo Hair Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ralf Paus
- The Dermatology Centre, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Dermatology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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14
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Al-Nuaimi Y, Hardman JA, Bíró T, Haslam IS, Philpott MP, Tóth BI, Farjo N, Farjo B, Baier G, Watson REB, Grimaldi B, Kloepper JE, Paus R. A meeting of two chronobiological systems: circadian proteins Period1 and BMAL1 modulate the human hair cycle clock. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:610-619. [PMID: 24005054 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The hair follicle (HF) is a continuously remodeled mini organ that cycles between growth (anagen), regression (catagen), and relative quiescence (telogen). As the anagen-to-catagen transformation of microdissected human scalp HFs can be observed in organ culture, it permits the study of the unknown controls of autonomous, rhythmic tissue remodeling of the HF, which intersects developmental, chronobiological, and growth-regulatory mechanisms. The hypothesis that the peripheral clock system is involved in hair cycle control, i.e., the anagen-to-catagen transformation, was tested. Here we show that in the absence of central clock influences, isolated, organ-cultured human HFs show circadian changes in the gene and protein expression of core clock genes (CLOCK, BMAL1, and Period1) and clock-controlled genes (c-Myc, NR1D1, and CDKN1A), with Period1 expression being hair cycle dependent. Knockdown of either BMAL1 or Period1 in human anagen HFs significantly prolonged anagen. This provides evidence that peripheral core clock genes modulate human HF cycling and are an integral component of the human hair cycle clock. Specifically, our study identifies BMAL1 and Period1 as potential therapeutic targets for modulating human hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusur Al-Nuaimi
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust and the Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jonathan A Hardman
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust and the Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Doctoral Training Centre in Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tamás Bíró
- DE-MTA ''Lendulet'' Cell Physiology Group, Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Iain S Haslam
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust and the Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael P Philpott
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Balázs I Tóth
- DE-MTA ''Lendulet'' Cell Physiology Group, Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | | | - Gerold Baier
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Division of Biosciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel E B Watson
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust and the Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Ralf Paus
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust and the Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.
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15
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Abstract
Dense packing is the philosophy of fitting more than 30 to 35 follicular unit grafts per square centimeter in one operation. The aim is to produce a more even, consistent, and natural looking flow of hair after just one procedure. Although desirable in principle, not all patients are suitable candidates nor is it possible to achieve in certain patients (eg, coarse or curly hair). Patients who have sufficient donor availability, reasonably stable hair loss, and high hair-to-skin color ratios are the ideal candidates. The authors highlight their philosophies and strategies for dense packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bessam Farjo
- Farjo Hair Institute, 70 Quay Street, Manchester M3 3EJ, UK; Farjo Hair Institute, 152 Harley Street, London W1G 7LH, UK.
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16
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Chiang Y, Tosti A, Chaudhry I, Lyne L, Farjo B, Farjo N, Cadore de Farias D, Griffiths C, Paus R, Harries M. Lichen planopilaris following hair transplantation and face-lift surgery. Br J Dermatol 2012; 166:666-370. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10692.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Magerl M, Paus R, Farjo N, Müller-Röver S, Peters EMJ, Foitzik K, Tobin DJ. Limitations of human occipital scalp hair follicle organ culture for studying the effects of minoxidil as a hair growth enhancer. Exp Dermatol 2005; 13:635-42. [PMID: 15447724 DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.00207.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Minoxidil induces new hair growth in approximately one-third of patients with androgenetic alopecia after 1 year of treatment. With several conflicting reports in the literature based on small-scale studies, the current study aimed to clarify whether organ culture of human scalp anagen VI hair follicles is a suitable in vitro test system for reproducing, and experimentally dissecting, the recognized in vivo hair-growth-promoting capacity of minoxidil. Hair shaft elongation was studied in terminal anagen VI hair follicles microdissected from the occipital scalp of 36 healthy adults. A total of 2300 hair follicles, approximately 65 per individual, were tested using modifications of a basic organ culture protocol. It is shown here that minoxidil does not significantly increase hair shaft elongation or the duration of anagen VI in ex vivo culture despite several enhancements on the conventional methodology. This disparity to what is seen clinically in minoxidil responders may be explained by the following: (i) use of occipital (rather than frontotemporal or vertex) hair follicles; (ii) use of, already maximally growing, anagen VI hair follicles; (iii) a predominance of hair follicles from minoxidil unresponsive-donors; (iv) use of minoxidil rather than its sulfate metabolite; and/or (v) use of a suboptimal minoxidil dosage. This disparity questions the usefulness of standard human hair follicle organ culture in minoxidil research. Unexpectedly, minoxidil even inhibited hair shaft elongation in the absence of insulin, which may indicate that the actual hair-growth-modulatory effects of minoxidil depend on the concomitant local presence/absence of other growth modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Magerl
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
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