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Bunse T, Koerber N, Wintersteller H, Schneider J, Graf A, Radonic A, Thuermer A, von Kleist M, Blum H, Spinner CD, Bauer T, Knolle PA, Protzer U, Schulte EC. T-Cell-Dominated Immune Response Resolves Protracted SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Absence of Neutralizing Antibodies in an Immunocompromised Individual. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1562. [PMID: 37375064 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk of developing protracted and severe COVID-19, and understanding individual disease courses and SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in these individuals is of the utmost importance. For more than two years, we followed an immunocompromised individual with a protracted SARS-CoV-2 infection that was eventually cleared in the absence of a humoral neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibody response. By conducting an in-depth examination of this individual's immune response and comparing it to a large cohort of convalescents who spontaneously cleared a SARS-CoV-2 infection, we shed light on the interplay between B- and T-cell immunity and how they interact in clearing SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Bunse
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Munich, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Koerber
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Munich, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah Wintersteller
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Graf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Radonic
- Method Development, Research Infrastructure & IT (MFI), Robert-Koch Institute (RKI), 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Thuermer
- Method Development, Research Infrastructure & IT (MFI), Robert-Koch Institute (RKI), 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Max von Kleist
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität (FU) Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Project Groups, Robert-Koch Institute (RKI), 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph D Spinner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Bauer
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Munich, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Percy A Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Munich, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Eva C Schulte
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Munich, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Ngoc Tram HT, Thu Huong BT, Duc Hinh N, Thuy PT, Lan Anh LT, Kim Phuon DT, Thu Lan H, Cam Tu H, Koerber N, Bauer T, Khanh Lam H, Manh Ha N, Minh Duc N, Thanh Hiep N, Protzer U, Tien Dung N. Multidimensional Analysis of the Mother-to-child Transmission Risk Factors in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnant Women in Vietnam. Clin Ter 2023; 174:266-274. [PMID: 37199363 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2023.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health problem. The interaction between HBV and the host inflammatory response is an important factor contributing to liver damage and disease development. We investigate of the correlation between peripheral blood cell levels, HBV DNA, and the risk of transmission to the baby in pregnant women infected with hepatitis B. Methods A multidimensional analysis was performed on data collected from 60 Vietnamese pregnant women and their babies (cord blood). Results Taking the risk ratio test results of cord blood HBsAg as a positive probability, the boundary of maternal PBMC concentration is 8.03x106 cells/ml (with negative correlation) and for CBMCs is 6.64x106 cells/ml (with positive correlation). That means that HBsAg positivity in the blood may be related to the increasing of CBMCs and the diminution of maternal PBMCs. When the maternal viral load is higher than 5x107 copies/ml, the risk of being HBsAg-positive in cord blood is 123% (RR=2.23 [1.48,3.36]); when the viral load is lower than this baseline, the risk is decreased by 55% (RR=0.45 [0.30,0.67]) (p<0.001). Conclusions With several steps of the analysis, this study found maternal peripheral blood cell levels and cord blood positively cor-related in pregnant women with a load lower than 5x107 copies of HBV DNA/ml. The study's results suggest that the role of PBMCs and HBV DNA in vertical infection is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Ngoc Tram
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - B T Thu Huong
- Department of Biochemistry, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - N Duc Hinh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - P T Thuy
- Department of Biochemistry, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - L T Lan Anh
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - D T Kim Phuon
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - H Thu Lan
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - H Cam Tu
- Center of Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - N Koerber
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich and Hamburg Partner sites, Germany
| | - T Bauer
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich and Hamburg Partner sites, Germany
| | - H Khanh Lam
- Department of Telecomunication, Hung Yen University of Technology and Education, Hung Yen, Vietnam
| | - N Manh Ha
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - N Minh Duc
- Department of Radiology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - N Thanh Hiep
- Department of Family Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - U Protzer
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich and Hamburg Partner sites, Germany
| | - N Tien Dung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
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