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Ahmadieh N, Zeidan T, Chaaya C, Cain D, Aoude M, Abouchahla A, Kourie HR, Nemer E. Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer: A Review. Gulf J Oncolog 2024; 1:81-93. [PMID: 38205576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. It's the second leading cause cancer men in death. Prognostic tests based on molecular and biomarker analysis of tumor tissue may improve risk stratification of prostate cancer 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS After a search on Pubmed for PC biomarkers, 72 papers responded to the objectives and will be included in the review. RESULTS A plethora of biomarkers are predictive for the prognosis of PC and its response to certain therapies, while others, once thought to be indicative of prognosis in PC, were not. CONCLUSIONS This study can help in the development of diagnostic and prognostic tests of PC and contribute to the ongoing research into already existing tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar Ahmadieh
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Toufic Zeidan
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Celine Chaaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - David Cain
- Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Aoude
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | | | - Elie Nemer
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Kourie HR, Zouein J, Succar B, Mardirossian A, Ahmadieh N, Chouery E, Mehawej C, Jalkh N, kattan J, Nemr E. Genetic Polymorphisms Involved in Bladder Cancer: A Global Review. Oncol Rev 2023; 17:10603. [PMID: 38025894 PMCID: PMC10657888 DOI: 10.3389/or.2023.10603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) has been associated with genetic susceptibility. Single peptide polymorphisms (SNPs) can modulate BC susceptibility. A literature search was performed covering the period between January 2000 and October 2020. Overall, 334 articles were selected, reporting 455 SNPs located in 244 genes. The selected 455 SNPs were further investigated. All SNPs that were associated with smoking and environmental exposure were excluded from this study. A total of 197 genes and 343 SNPs were found to be associated with BC, among which 177 genes and 291 SNPs had congruent results across all available studies. These genes and SNPs were classified into eight different categories according to their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hampig Raphael Kourie
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Zouein
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bahaa Succar
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Avedis Mardirossian
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nizar Ahmadieh
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eliane Chouery
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cybel Mehawej
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Jalkh
- Medical Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph kattan
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elie Nemr
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Ahmadieh N, Zeidan T, Chebel JA, Haddad FG, Nemr E. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer in a Lebanese experience: in all aspects. Gulf J Oncolog 2023; 1:33-39. [PMID: 37732525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary tract and the 11th most frequent cancer worldwide. BC is the 2nd most common cancer in Lebanon in men and women. MATERIALS AND METHODS After searching for patients records in the pathology and oncology database, we identified those who underwent a cystectomy between 2017 and 2019 in our hospital, Hotel Dieu de France - Beirut. We selected for the study the patients who have undergone a cystectomy for MIBC. We excluded patients who initially had a pelvic tumor, or a prostate cancer invading the bladder, and patients with absent medical record from the study. We also noted the gender of the patients, if they are smokers and the number of pack years at the time of diagnosis, as well as their age, the histological type of the tumor, its stage according to the TNM classification and its grade. We also noted whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy was taken by the study 's subjects. RESULTS The total number of patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria was 38. The median age of the population was 66 (± 10) years and the median number of pack years at diagnosis was 60 (± 36). 79% of study 's patients were males and 21% were females. Regarding the tumor 's histological type, the urothelial type predominated with 92% while the remaining 8% were of the squamous type. Regarding treatment modalities, only 20% of patients in the study received neoadjuvant chemotherapy before cystectomy. 80% of patients underwent a cystectomy directly without neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy. No patient received adjuvant chemotherapy. Among the 7 patients, 2 patients (29%) presented a pathological complete response (pCR; equivalent to pT0N0M0). 14% had a pT3 stage post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 43% had a pT4 stage. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS We can note a reluctance of urologists at our institution to prescribe neoadjuvant chemotherapy. It would therefore be interesting to extend the study to the national level with a larger number of patients, as well as to evaluate survival in patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, especially in those presenting a pCR. Our study can serve as a point of change in the practice of urologists in Lebanon regarding BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar Ahmadieh
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Toufic Zeidan
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Josselin Abi Chebel
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fady Gh Haddad
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elie Nemr
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Kourie HR, Succar B, Chouery E, Mehawej C, Ahmadieh N, Zouein J, Mardirossian A, Jalkh N, Sleilaty G, Kattan J, Nemr E. Genetic susceptibility of bladder cancer in the Lebanese population. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:217. [PMID: 36253817 PMCID: PMC9575197 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most frequent tumor worldwide. Evidence shows an association between elevated risk of BC and various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). BC incidence was the highest in Lebanon according to Globocan 2018 report, but little is known about the genetic susceptibility of Lebanese people to this disease. We aim to evaluate whether this prominent incidence of BC in Lebanon is attributable to known coding genetic variants. Methods A case-control study was conducted at Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut. A cohort of 51 Lebanese patients with BC were recruited between 2017 and 2020. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was performed on peripheral blood samples to detect coding genetic variants in the patients. An in-house database including WES data from 472 Lebanese individuals served as control. Literature review of the genetic predisposition to BC was conducted to establish a database of variants known to influence the risk of BC. In-common SNPs were identified between cases and the aforecited database, and their allelic frequencies was quantified in the former and in controls. Comparative analysis of the allelic frequencies of each in-common SNP was carried out between cases, controls, and the genome aggregation database (gnomAD). Analysis was performed by applying the binomial law and setting the p-value to 10− 10. Results 484 polymorphisms associated with BC were extracted from the literature review ;151 of which were in-common with the 206 939 variations detected by WES in our cases. Statistically significant differences (p-value < 10− 10) in allelic frequencies was seen in 11 of the 151 in-common SNPs, but none of which corresponds with a higher BC risk. Moreover, rs4986782 variant in the NAT1 gene is not associated with BC in the Lebanese population. `. Conclusion This is the first next-generation sequencing (NGS)- based study investigating BC risk in a Lebanese cohort of 51 patients. The majority of known exonic variants in the literature were not associated with BC in our patients. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to explore the association of BC in our population with known non-coding genetic variants, and the remainder of WES-generated private Lebanese variants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-022-01372-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hampig Raphael Kourie
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Bahaa Succar
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eliane Chouery
- Medical Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Cybel Mehawej
- Medical Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Nizar Ahmadieh
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Zouein
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Avedis Mardirossian
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Jalkh
- Medical Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan Sleilaty
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Kattan
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elie Nemr
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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El Karak F, Gh Haddad F, Eid R, Al Ghor M, El Rassy E, Ahmadieh N, Choullamy T, Halim NA, Tfayli A, Farhat F, Kattan J, Nasr F, Ghosn M, Assi HI. Lung cancer and immunotherapy: a real-life experience from second line and beyond. Future Oncol 2019; 15:3025-3032. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study assessed the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents in real life when used in second line or beyond. Materials & methods: Patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer progressing after standard chemotherapy and receiving immunotherapy in the second line or beyond were included. Results: One hundred and ten patients were included with PD-L1 expression above 50%, between 1–49 and <1% in 38.6, 27.3 and 34.1% of patients, respectively. Checkpoint inhibitors were used as second, third and fourth line in 74.7, 21.8 and 3.5%, respectively. Partial response was observed in 25.6% of patients. Median progression-free survival was 4 months and median overall survival was 8.1 months. Conclusion: Immunotherapies are emerging as important tools in the oncologic field with good responses in real-life practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fady El Karak
- Hematology–Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fady Gh Haddad
- Hematology–Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roland Eid
- Hematology–Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya Al Ghor
- Hematology–Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elie El Rassy
- Hematology–Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nizar Ahmadieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Theresia Choullamy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour A Halim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology & Oncology Division, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Arafat Tfayli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology & Oncology Division, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fadi Farhat
- Hematology–Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Kattan
- Hematology–Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fady Nasr
- Hematology–Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Ghosn
- Hematology–Oncology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hazem I Assi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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