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Malava JK, Lancaster KE, Hosseinipour MC, Rosenberg NE, O'Donnell JK, Kauye F, Mbirimtengerenji N, Chaweza T, Tweya H, Phiri S, Pence BW, Gaynes BN. Prevalence and correlates of probable depression diagnosis and suicidal ideation among patients receiving HIV care in Lilongwe, Malawi. Malawi Med J 2019; 30:236-242. [PMID: 31798801 PMCID: PMC6863411 DOI: 10.4314/mmj.v30i4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression and suicide ideation among people living with HIV (PLHIV) can threaten the success of HIV care and treatment programs, particularly within high HIV prevalence settings. We describe the prevalence and correlates associated with depression and suicidal ideation among PLHIV receiving HIV care in Lilongwe, Malawi. Methods From July to September 2013, 206 HIV clinic patients, who were ≥18 years of age and either pre-antiretroviral therapy (ART) or established on ART for ≥6 months prior to study, participated in a survey to assess the prevalence of a likely depressive disorder and suicidal ideation using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. We explored factors associated with depression using bivariable linear regression and suicidal ideation using bivariable log-binomial regression. Results The prevalence of a likely depressive disorder and suicidal ideation was 12% (95% CI: 8%, 17%) and 16% (95% CI: 11%, 21%), respectively. Pre-ART patients (β=1.17, 95% CI: 0.03, 2.30, p-value=0.04) and those with problematic alcohol use (β=0.49, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.92, p-value=0.02) were associated with a higher depression severity. Suicidal ideation was relatively common (8%, 95% CI: 5%, 13%) among those without a likely depressive disorder and significantly correlated with having no primary, secondary, or tertiary education (β=-1.52, 95% CI: -2.46, -0.59, p-value<0.01). Conclusions Interventions that enhance identification and management of depressive disorders and suicidal ideation should be integrated within HIV care clinics in Malawi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jullita K Malava
- UNC Project Malawi, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Lilongwe, Malawi.,College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Kathryn E Lancaster
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 130 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
| | - Mina C Hosseinipour
- UNC Project Malawi, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Lilongwe, Malawi.,Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 130 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
| | - Nora E Rosenberg
- UNC Project Malawi, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Lilongwe, Malawi.,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
| | - Julie K O'Donnell
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
| | - Felix Kauye
- College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.,Zomba Mental Hospital, Zomba, Malawi
| | | | | | | | - Sam Phiri
- College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.,Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 130 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America.,Lighthouse Medical Trust, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Brian W Pence
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
| | - Bradley N Gaynes
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
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Mbirimtengerenji N, Schaio J, Guo LY, Muula A. Association of the dominant hand and needle stick injuries for healthcare workers in Taiwan. Malawi Med J 2012; 24:56-60. [PMID: 23638275 PMCID: PMC3576832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers face the risk of acquiring blood-borne infections from patients through needle stick injuries. Understanding the factors that are associated with increased risk, for example, the role of the dominant hand, is important so that preventive measures can be focused. METHODS The EPINet (Exposure Prevention, Information Network--a trade mark of Virginia University) questionnaire was used to collect the data. The EPInet system started 2003 in Taiwan under C-MESH. When healthcare workers sustain sharp injury, they complete the injury report form, and report to infection control personnel, who then transmitted the data to EPINet website monthly. RESULTS 93.5% of the healthcare workers reported being right handed and only 6.5% reported being left handed. About two-thirds (65%) of the reported injuries were by self, 30% injuries were by others and 5% were reported as injured by unknown.There was an association between the dominant hand injury and the needle stick original HCW user, p<0.0001. There is a significant difference between the dominant hand and the needlestick original HCW user. HCW whose dominant hand was the right hand were most likely at risk to be injured by "others" than "self" or "unknown HCW"; OR≤ 18.39; CI (0.42 ± 2.33). CONCLUSION Needlestick injuries among health care workers in Taiwan continue to pose a serious occupational problem. Historically, prevention has focused on the use of protective wear than assessment of which hand may be at greater risk than the other. There is a greater need to prevent hand injuries as the dominant hand remains the most used and injured in process of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mbirimtengerenji
- University of Malawi, Kamuzu College of Nursing, Private Bag 1 Lilongwe. Malawi
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