|
1
|
Hanif N, Tyas TA, Hidayati L, Dinelsa FF, Provita D, Kinnary NR, Prasetiawan FM, Khalik GA, Mubarok Z, Tohir D, Setiawan A, Farid M, Kurnianda V, Murni A, de Voogd NJ, Tanaka J. Oxy-Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers from the Indonesian Marine Sponge, Lamellodysidea herbacea: X-ray, SAR, and Computational Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216328. [PMID: 34770740 PMCID: PMC8588277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) compounds, derived from marine organisms, originate from symbiosis between marine sponges and cyanobacteria or bacteria. PBDEs have broad biological spectra; therefore, we analyzed structure and activity relationships of PBDEs to determine their potential as anticancer or antibacterial lead structures, through reactions and computational studies. Six known PBDEs (1–6) were isolated from the sponge, Lamellodysdiea herbacea; 13C NMR data for compound 6 are reported for the first time and their assignments are confirmed by their theoretical 13C NMR chemical shifts (RMSE < 4.0 ppm). Methylation and acetylation of 1 (2, 3, 4, 5-tetrabromo-6-(3′, 5′-dibromo-2′-hydroxyphenoxy) phenol) at the phenol functional group gave seven molecules (7–13), of which 10, 12, and 13 were new. New crystal structures for 8 and 9 are also reported. Debromination carried out on 1 produced nine compounds (1, 2, 14, 16–18, 20, 23, and 26) of which 18 was new. Debromination product 16 showed a significant IC50 8.65 ± 1.11; 8.11 ± 1.43 µM against human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells. Compounds 1 and 16 exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae with MID 0.078 µg/disk. The number of four bromine atoms and two phenol functional groups are important for antibacterial activity (S. aureus and K. pneumoniae) and cytotoxicity (HEK293T). The result was supported by analysis of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs). We also propose possible products of acetylation and debromination using analysis of FMOs and electrostatic charges and we confirm the experimental result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Novriyandi Hanif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +62-(251)-862-4567
| | - Trianda Ayuning Tyas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan; (V.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Lestari Hidayati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Fabians Faisal Dinelsa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Dian Provita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Nyimas Ratna Kinnary
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Fauzi Muhamad Prasetiawan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Gibral Abdul Khalik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Zaki Mubarok
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Dudi Tohir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Andi Setiawan
- Department of Chemistry, Lampung University, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia;
| | - Muhamad Farid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; (T.A.T.); (L.H.); (F.F.D.); (D.P.); (N.R.K.); (F.M.P.); (G.A.K.); (Z.M.); (D.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Viqqi Kurnianda
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan; (V.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Anggia Murni
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16128, Indonesia;
| | - Nicole J. de Voogd
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML) Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Junichi Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan; (V.K.); (J.T.)
| |
Collapse
|