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O'Brien CL, Summers KM, Martin NM, Carter-Cusack D, Yang Y, Barua R, Dixit OVA, Hume DA, Pavli P. The relationship between extreme inter-individual variation in macrophage gene expression and genetic susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease. Hum Genet 2024; 143:233-261. [PMID: 38421405 PMCID: PMC11043138 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-024-02642-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The differentiation of resident intestinal macrophages from blood monocytes depends upon signals from the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (CSF1R). Analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) indicates that dysregulation of macrophage differentiation and response to microorganisms contributes to susceptibility to chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we analyzed transcriptomic variation in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) from affected and unaffected sib pairs/trios from 22 IBD families and 6 healthy controls. Transcriptional network analysis of the data revealed no overall or inter-sib distinction between affected and unaffected individuals in basal gene expression or the temporal response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the basal or LPS-inducible expression of individual genes varied independently by as much as 100-fold between subjects. Extreme independent variation in the expression of pairs of HLA-associated transcripts (HLA-B/C, HLA-A/F and HLA-DRB1/DRB5) in macrophages was associated with HLA genotype. Correlation analysis indicated the downstream impacts of variation in the immediate early response to LPS. For example, variation in early expression of IL1B was significantly associated with local SNV genotype and with subsequent peak expression of target genes including IL23A, CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL8 and NLRP3. Similarly, variation in early IFNB1 expression was correlated with subsequent expression of IFN target genes. Our results support the view that gene-specific dysregulation in macrophage adaptation to the intestinal milieu is associated with genetic susceptibility to IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L O'Brien
- Centre for Research in Therapeutics Solutions, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Natalia M Martin
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Dylan Carter-Cusack
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuanhao Yang
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rasel Barua
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ojas V A Dixit
- Centre for Research in Therapeutics Solutions, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Paul Pavli
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
- School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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Dixit OVA, Behruznia M, Preuss AL, O’Brien CL. Diversity of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria isolated from Australian chicken and pork meat. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1347597. [PMID: 38440146 PMCID: PMC10910072 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1347597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are frequently isolated from retail meat and may infect humans. To determine the diversity of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in Australian retail meat, bacteria were cultured on selective media from raw chicken (n = 244) and pork (n = 160) meat samples obtained from all four major supermarket chains in the ACT/NSW, Australia, between March and June 2021. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed for 13 critically and 4 highly important antibiotics as categorised by the World Health Organization (WHO) for a wide range of species detected in the meat samples. A total of 288 isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to identify the presence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, virulence genes, and plasmids. AST testing revealed that 35/288 (12%) of the isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR). Using WGS data, 232/288 (81%) of the isolates were found to harbour resistance genes for critically or highly important antibiotics. This study reveals a greater diversity of AMR genes in bacteria isolated from retail meat in Australia than previous studies have shown, emphasising the importance of monitoring AMR in not only foodborne pathogenic bacteria, but other species that are capable of transferring AMR genes to pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ojas V. A. Dixit
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- School of Medicine, Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Mahboobeh Behruznia
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Aidan L. Preuss
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Claire L. O’Brien
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Clermont O, Dixit OVA, Vangchhia B, Condamine B, Dion S, Bridier-Nahmias A, Denamur E, Gordon D. Characterization and rapid identification of phylogroup G in Escherichia coli, a lineage with high virulence and antibiotic resistance potential. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:3107-3117. [PMID: 31188527 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The phylogeny of the Escherichia coli species, with the identification of seven phylogroups (A, B1, B2, C, D, E and F), is linked to the lifestyle of the strains. With the accumulation of whole genome sequence data, it became clear that some strains belong to a group intermediate between the F and B2 phylogroups, designated as phylogroup G. Here, we studied the complete sequences of 112 strains representative of the G phylogroup diversity and showed that it is composed of one main sequence type complex (STc)117 and four other STcs (STc657, STc454, STc738 and STc174). STc117, which phylogeny is characterized by very short internal branches, exhibits extensive O diversity, but little H-type and fimH allele diversity, whereas the other STcs are characterized by a main O, H and fimH type. STc117 strains possess many traits associated with extra-intestinal virulence, are virulent in a mouse sepsis model and exhibit multi-drug resistance such as CTX-M production. Epidemiologic data on 4,524 Australian and French strains suggest that STc117 is a poultry-associated lineage that can also establish in humans and cause extra-intestinal diseases. We propose an easy identification method that will help to trace this potentially virulent and resistant phylogroup in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Clermont
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, 75018, France
| | - Ojas V A Dixit
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Belinda Vangchhia
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, 796014, India
| | | | - Sara Dion
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, 75018, France
| | | | - Erick Denamur
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, 75018, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, 75018, France
| | - David Gordon
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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Dixit OVA, O'Brien CL, Pavli P, Gordon DM. Within-host evolution versus immigration as a determinant of Escherichia coli diversity in the human gastrointestinal tract. Environ Microbiol 2017; 20:993-1001. [PMID: 29266651 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
When a human host harbors two or more strains of Escherichia coli, the second strain is more likely to be a member of the same phylogroup rather than a different phylogroup. This outcome may be the consequence of a within host evolution event or an independent immigration/establishment event. To determine the relative importance of these two events in determining E. coli diversity in a host, a collection of multiple E. coli isolates recovered from each of 67 patients undergoing colonoscopies was used. Whole genome sequence data were available for one example of every REP-fingerprint type identified in a patient. Sequence type (ST) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses revealed that 83% of strains observed in the host population were a consequence of immigration/establishment events. Restricting the analysis to hosts harboring two or more strains belonging to the same phylogroup revealed that in about half of these cases, the presence of a second strain belonging to the same phylogroup was the consequence of an independent immigration/establishment event. Thus, the results of this study show that despite hosts being exposed to a diversity of E. coli via their food, factors related to the host also determine what E. coli strains succeed in establishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ojas V A Dixit
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 116 Daley Road, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Claire L O'Brien
- Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Paul Pavli
- Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - David M Gordon
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 116 Daley Road, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
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