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Nguyen TTM, Gadet R, Lanfranchi M, Lahaye RA, Yandiev S, Lohez O, Mikaelian I, Jabbour L, Rimokh R, Courchet J, Saudou F, Popgeorgiev N, Gillet G. Mitochondrial Bcl-xL promotes brain synaptogenesis by controlling non-lethal caspase activation. iScience 2023; 26:106674. [PMID: 37182099 PMCID: PMC10173740 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-lethal caspase activation (NLCA) has been linked to neurodevelopmental processes. However, how neurons control NLCA remains elusive. Here, we focused on Bcl-xL, a Bcl-2 homolog regulating caspase activation through the mitochondria. We generated a mouse model, referred to as ER-xL, in which Bcl-xL is absent in the mitochondria, yet present in the endoplasmic reticulum. Unlike bclx knockout mice that died at E13.5, ER-xL mice survived embryonic development but died post-partum because of altered feeding behavior. Enhanced caspase-3 activity was observed in the brain and the spinal cord white matter, but not the gray matter. No increase in cell death was observed in ER-xL cortical neurons, suggesting that the observed caspase-3 activation was apoptosis-independent. ER-xL neurons displayed increased caspase-3 activity in the neurites, resulting in impaired axon arborescence and synaptogenesis. Together, our findings suggest that mitochondrial Bcl-xL finely tunes caspase-3 through Drp-1-dependent mitochondrial fission, which is critical to neural network design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Thi Minh Nguyen
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Rudy Gadet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Marine Lanfranchi
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, UMR 5261, INSERM U 1315, Institut NeuroMyoGène, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Romane A. Lahaye
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1216, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Sozerko Yandiev
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, UMR 5261, INSERM U 1315, Institut NeuroMyoGène, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Lohez
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Ivan Mikaelian
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Lea Jabbour
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Ruth Rimokh
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Julien Courchet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, UMR 5261, INSERM U 1315, Institut NeuroMyoGène, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Saudou
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1216, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Nikolay Popgeorgiev
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Germain Gillet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
- Hospices civils de Lyon, Laboratoire d’anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495 Pierre Bénite, France
- Corresponding author
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Ayari H, Legedz L, Lantelme P, Feugier P, Randon J, Cerutti C, Lohez O, Scoazec JY, Li JY, Gharbi-Chihi J, Bricca G. Auto-amplification of cortisol actions in human carotid atheroma is linked to arterial remodeling and stroke. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012; 28:53-64. [PMID: 23025717 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2012.01064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High cortisol and aldosterone levels increase cardiovascular risk, but the respective roles of each hormone within the arterial wall remain controversial. We tested the hypothesis that cortisol production within the arterial wall may contribute to atherosclerotic remodeling and act through illicit activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Gene expression studies of the corticoid system components and marker genes of the atherosclerotic process in human carotid atheroma plaque and nearby macroscopically intact tissue (MIT) were considered together with clinical data and compared with pharmacological stimulations of human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in contractile or lipid-storing phenotypes. The components of corticoid production and action were present and active within the human carotid wall and VSMCs. Atheroma plaque and lipid-storing VSMCs expressed 11β-hydroxysteroid deshydrogenase-1 (11β-HSD1) at two- to tenfold higher levels than MIT or contractile VSMCs. The 11β-HSD1 expression was stimulated by cortisol and cortisone, especially in lipid-storing VSMCs. MR mRNA level was lower in atheroma and lipid-storing VSMCs and downregulated via MR by fludrocortisone and cortisol. Cortisol upregulated collagen1 and MCP-1 mRNAs via the glucocorticoid receptor (GRα), in both VSMC phenotypes, whereas fludrocortisone stimulated the collagen1 expression only in lipid-storing VSMCs. The GRα mRNA level in MIT was higher in patients with previous stroke and correlated positively with the collagen1 mRNA but negatively with diastolic blood pressure. Local cortisol production by 11β-HSD1, and its action via high parietal GRα could be relevant from the first step of atherosclerotic remodeling and auto-amplify with transdifferentiation of VSMCs during atheroma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanène Ayari
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie EA 4173, INSERM ERI22, Lyon, France; Université de Tunis, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Tunis, Tunisia
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