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Adediran O, Osabuohien E, Silberberger M, Osabohien R, Gbenro Adebayo W. Agricultural value chain and households' livelihood in Africa: The case of Nigeria. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28655. [PMID: 38596041 PMCID: PMC11002051 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the critical issues of concern is how African countries can take agriculture as a business that creates wealth which can help transform rural communities, increase income, reduce poverty and help the continent achieve the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Developments Goals (SDGs) of no poverty (SDG-1) and food and nutrition security (SDG-2) by 2030. Hence, this study examines how participation in agriculture through cassava value chain can improve households' livelihood income in Africa using the case of Nigeria. To achieve its objective, the study utilised quantitative analysis approach to address the linkages among economic agents within the agricultural value chain. The logit regression and propensity scores matching technique are used for the quantitative analysis. The result show that, while more significant proportion of male cassava production household heads sell cassava in its fresh form, their female counterparts add value by processing cassava further into finished staple foods. Another key insight is the high involvement of youth and women in cassava production, processing and marketing. Thus, they have greater influence in promoting and improving households' livelihood income. Therefore, more targeted efforts should be made by all stakeholders to ensure that youth and women have better, less expensive and dependable assess to facilities at lower interest rates to participate in agricultural value chain. This will engender inclusiveness of the vulnerable groups in agricultural value chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwasogo Adediran
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Centre for Economic Policy and Development Research (CEPDeR), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Evans Osabuohien
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Centre for Economic Policy and Development Research (CEPDeR), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- DePECOS Institutions and Development Research Centre (DIaDeRC), Nigeria
| | - Magdalene Silberberger
- Department of Philosophy, Politics and Economics, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Romanus Osabohien
- DePECOS Institutions and Development Research Centre (DIaDeRC), Nigeria
- Institute of Energy Policy and Research (IEPRe), Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Malaysia
| | - Waidi Gbenro Adebayo
- Centre for Economic Policy and Development Research (CEPDeR), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Department of Philosophy, Politics and Economics, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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Adeleye BN, Gershon O, Ogundipe A, Owolabi O, Ogunrinola I, Adediran O. Comparative investigation of the growth-poverty-inequality trilemma in Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin American and Caribbean Countries. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05631. [PMID: 33313434 PMCID: PMC7721624 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To "end poverty in all its forms everywhere" and "reduce inequality within and among countries", this study aligns with the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals 1 and 10. It uniquely contributes to the growth-poverty-inequality discourse by using per capita consumption expenditure growth (poverty), Gini index (inequality) and GDP growth (economic growth). It is a comparative analysis of 58 Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Latin American (LAC) countries (from 2000 to 2015) to determine whether economic growth reduces the incidence of poverty and if its interaction with income inequality enhances or alters its impact on poverty. Consistent findings from a multi-analytical approach using pooled ordinary least squares, fixed effects and system GMM reveal that: (1) economic growth exhibit poverty-reduction properties; (2) the growth rate of inequality intensifies poverty, (3) inequality aggravates the impact of growth on poverty, and (4) the growth-poverty-inequality trilemma differs across income groups and regional samples. Furthermore, this study submits that the interaction of income inequality dampens the positive impact of economic growth on the incidence of poverty and supports the argument that the extent of inequality lessens the effect of inclusiveness. Hence, income inequality is a crucial determinant of poverty. Policy implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosede Ngozi Adeleye
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Nigeria
- Centre for Economic Policy and Development Research (CEPDeR), Covenant University, Nigeria
- Regional Centre of Expertise (RCE), Ogun, Nigeria
| | - Obindah Gershon
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Nigeria
- Centre for Economic Policy and Development Research (CEPDeR), Covenant University, Nigeria
| | - Adeyemi Ogundipe
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Nigeria
- Centre for Economic Policy and Development Research (CEPDeR), Covenant University, Nigeria
| | - Oluwarotimi Owolabi
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoluwa Ogunrinola
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Nigeria
- Centre for Economic Policy and Development Research (CEPDeR), Covenant University, Nigeria
| | - Oluwasogo Adediran
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Nigeria
- Centre for Economic Policy and Development Research (CEPDeR), Covenant University, Nigeria
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Matthew O, Osabohien R, Urhie E, Ewetan O, Adediran O, Oduntan E, Olopade C. Agriculture as a Stimulant for Sustainable Development in ECOWAS. Sustainability 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/sus.2018.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyin Matthew
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Romanus Osabohien
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Ese Urhie
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Olabanji Ewetan
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Oluwasogo Adediran
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Oduntan
- Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Comfort Olopade
- Department of Economics, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
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Faniyi T, Adegbeye M, Elghandour M, Pilego A, Salem A, Olaniyi T, Adediran O, Adewumi M. Role of diverse fermentative factors towards microbial community shift in ruminants. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:2-11. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T.O. Faniyi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - M.J. Adegbeye
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Joseph Ayo Babalola University Ikeji‐Arakeji Nigeria
| | - M.M.M.Y. Elghandour
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Toluca México
| | - A.B. Pilego
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Toluca México
| | - A.Z.M. Salem
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Toluca México
| | - T.A. Olaniyi
- Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology Moor Plantation Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - O. Adediran
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - M.K. Adewumi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
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Adediran O, Akintunde AA, Edo AE, Opadijo OG, Araoye AM. Impact of urbanization and gender on frequency of metabolic syndrome among native Abuja settlers in Nigeria. J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2012; 3:191-6. [PMID: 22923935 PMCID: PMC3425024 DOI: 10.4103/0975-3583.98890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Nigeria is currently undergoing rapid epidemiological transition. The objective was to study whether urbanization is associated with increased prevalence of MetS between native rural Abuja settlers and genetically related urban dwellers. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a cross-sectional study. Three hundred and forty-two urban native Abuja settlers and 325 rural dwellers were used for the study. Fasting blood lipid, glucose, waist circumference, blood pressure, and body mass index were determined. MetS was defined according to three standard criteria. SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. P<0.05 was used as statistically significant. RESULTS Obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension were commoner among urban dwellers than rural dwellers. MetS was associated more with the female gender. Urbanization significantly increases the frequency of MetS using the three standard definitions. The prevalence of MetS using International Diabetes Federation, World Health Organization, and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III among rural versus urban dwellers were 7.7% vs. 14.9%, P<0.05; 0% vs. 0.9%, P>0.05; and 3.7% vs. 13.7%, P<0.05, respectively. CONCLUSION This study shows that MetS is a major health condition among rural and urban Nigerians and that urbanization significantly increases the prevalence of MetS. This can be explained on the basis of higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension in urban setting, possibly as a result of stress, diet, and reduction in physical activity. Effective preventive strategy is therefore required to stem the increased risk associated with urbanization to reduce the cardiovascular risk associated with MetS among Nigerians.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Adediran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
| | - A. A. Akintunde
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - A. E. Edo
- Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - O. G. Opadijo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - A. M. Araoye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
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Edo A, Eregie A, Adediran O, Ohwovoriole A, Ebengho S. Postprandial glucose response to selected tropical fruits in normal glucose-tolerant Nigerians. Niger J Clin Pract 2011; 14:79-82. [PMID: 21493998 DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.79270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The glycemic response to commonly eaten fruits in Nigeria has not been reported. Therefore, this study assessed the plasma glucose response to selected fruits in Nigeria. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ten normal glucose-tolerant subjects randomly consumed 50 g carbohydrate portions of three fruits: banana (Musa paradisiaca), pineapple (Ananus comosus), and pawpaw (Carica papaya), and a 50-g glucose load at 1-week intervals. Blood samples were collected in the fasting state and half-hourly over a 2-h period post-ingestion of the fruits or glucose. The samples were analyzed for plasma glucose concentrations. Plasma glucose responses were assessed by the peak plasma glucose concentration, maximum increase in plasma glucose, 2-h postprandial plasma glucose level, and incremental area under the glucose curve and glycemic index (GI). RESULTS The results showed that the blood glucose response to these three fruits was similar in terms of their incremental areas under the glucose curve, maximum increase in plasma glucose, and glycemic indices (GIs). The 2-h postprandial plasma glucose level of banana was significantly higher than that of pineapple, P < 0.025. The mean ± SEM GI values were as follows: pawpaw; 86 ± 26.8%; banana, 75.1 ± 21.8%; pineapple, 64.5 ± 11.3%. The GI of glucose is taken as 100. The GI of pineapple was significantly lower than that of glucose (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Banana, pawpaw, and pineapple produced a similar postprandial glucose response. Measured portions of these fruits may be used as fruit exchanges with pineapple having the most favorable glycemic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Edo
- Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, PMB 1111, Nigeria.
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Ogbera AO, Fasanmade O, Ohwovoriole AE, Adediran O. An assessment of the disease burden of foot ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus attending a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2007; 5:244-9. [PMID: 17088600 DOI: 10.1177/1534734606294538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The major part of the burden of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) is their impaired quantity and quality of life. This is due to acute and chronic complications of which diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) takes the greatest toll. Most studies on the disease burden of DFU were carried out in developed countries, and to date, no indigenous study has addressed the burden of foot ulceration in Nigerians with DM. This study attempted to determine the disease burden of this important DM complication. The study was carried out at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria. The working definition of disease burden encompassed prevalence, morbidity, mortality, and the direct economic costs of diabetes mellitus foot syndrome (DMFS). For determination of the estimates of prevalence, the "capture-recapture" and intensive case-counting methods were used, mortality and morbidity were determined from records of admissions, and associated deaths over a 3-year period (1998-2000). The direct economic costs of foot ulceration were derived from the costs incurred from in-patient days, tests, drugs/medications, surgery, and other miscellaneous units of services. The total number of people with DM seen in LUTH from 1998 to 2000 was 1500, the hospital prevalence of DFU using the capture-recapture method being 9.5%. A total of 7253 medical admissions were made in this 3-year period, and of this number 827 (11.4%) were DM related. DFU-related admissions were 97 in number, and this made up 1.3% and 11.7% of the total medical and diabetes admissions, respectively. During this period, a total of 61 lower limb amputations were carried out and 26 (42.6%) of these were DM related. The proportion of medical deaths due to DMFS deaths was greater than the proportion of medical admissions due to DFU (P = .007). The case fatality of individuals with DFU was approximately 53%. A total number of 20 patients with DM foot ulcers were hospitalized during a 1-year period of the study (2003-2004). The majority had type 2 DM. A large majority (65%) of these patients had some form of surgery in addition to medical management of their condition. Mean costs for successfully treating a patient with DMFS was Nigerian Naira (NGN) 180,581.60. The total costs incurred ranged from NGN 20,400.00 to NGN 278,029.00. Drugs or medications accounted for the majority of the total costs incurred by the patients (46.9%).
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Affiliation(s)
- A O Ogbera
- Department of Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria.
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Ogbera AO, Fasanmade O, Adediran O. Thyroid disorders in Nigeria. Ethn Dis 2007; 17:417-8. [PMID: 17682380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
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Ogbera AO, Fasanmade O, Adediran O. Pattern of thyroid disorders in the southwestern region of Nigeria. Ethn Dis 2007; 17:327-30. [PMID: 17682366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroid disorders were thought to be rare in Africans in the early 1960s. However the 1970s witnessed an upsurge in reported cases of thyroid disorders in Africans. In endocrinology clinics in Nigeria, thyroid disorders are the second most common endocrine disorders seen. This study attempts to describe the patterns of thyroid disorders, clinical features, and complications as seen in Nigerians. DESIGN/SUBJECTS This is a descriptive study that took place from June 2004 to August 2005 in the Department of Medicine of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria. The demographic data, anthropometric indices, clinical features and associated complications of thyroid disorders were documented. Patients were categorized into three broad groups according to symptoms and biochemical profile as being euthyroid, thyrotoxic and hypothyroid. RESULTS The total number of patients with thyroid disorders seen in a 15-month period was 78. The female:male ratio was 5:1. The mean (standard deviation) age of all the subjects studied was 40 (12.4) years. The female:male ratio of those with thyrotoxicosis was 5.6:1. Cardiovascular complications of thyrotoxicosis, namely heart failure and atrial fibrillation, were the most common reasons for prolonged morbidity and hospitalizations. Hypothyroidism was present in five (7%), Graves disease/hyperthyroidism in 63 (84%), and euthyroid in 10 (9%). Obstructive symptoms were documented in eight (13%) of the subjects with palpable goiters. CONCLUSION Thyroid disorders in Nigerians are a significant cause of cardiovascular morbidity. Public awareness of thyroid disorders and their potential complications could lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O Ogbera
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba, Lagos State, Nigeria.
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