Comparative Evaluation of Debris Expulsion Beyond Apex During Re-root Canal Treatment by Utilizing Two Re-treatment Rotary Files and Two Reciprocating Files: An In-Vitro Study

AIM

This study aimed to assess and compare debris quality expelled beyond the apex during re-treatment using two reciprocating and two re-treatment rotary files.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 80 healthy human mandibular premolars excised for orthodontic therapy were selected. Distilled water was used to sterilize the teeth before they were preserved. The canals were widened and coronal access was created so that the F2 ProTaper universal system could be used. For the obturation, we utilized gutta-percha cones and AH plus sealant. All samples were cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) recorded. Teeth were separated into four groups (n=20); Group 1: ProTaper re-treatment, Group 2: Mtwo re-treatment, Group 3: WaveOne gold, and Group 4: Reciproc. The re-instrumented process included collecting the extruded debris in Eppendorf tubes and then drying it off by evaporating the distilled water. The weight of the tube with debris was subtracted from the weight of the tube without debris to get the dry debris weight. Post-retreatment CBCT was recorded for all samples. Mean apical debris extrusion values were obtained, after which necessary statistical analysis was obtained using SPSS Statistics, version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) to obtain the results. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the student t-test were utilized for statistical analysis to compare the different experimental groups. Post-hoc Bonferroni tests were used to compare several groups.

RESULT

No statistical difference (p>0.05) was identified in the filler material that was left over across all groups. The reciprocating files discharged more material compared with re-treatment file systems.

CONCLUSION

The Reciproc files expelled more waste than WaveOne gold, ProTaper re-treatment, and Mtwo re-treatment file systems. Reciprocating file systems showed better cleaning efficiency compared to the re-treatment file systems.

Orthodontic Camouflage Treatment of Class II Malocclusion in Non-growing Patient - A Case Report

The prevalence of skeletal Class II malocclusion is high amongst Asian population. Various treatment modalities have been presented for the treatment of Class II malocclusions in adult patients. We come across many adult patients who desire a costeffective and non-surgical correction and they accept dental camouflage as a treatment option to mask skeletal discrepancy. This case report presents a 26-year-old non-growing female who had a skeletal Class II malocclusion with prognathic maxilla and retrognathic mandible with an overjet of 7 mm, severe crowding, but did not want surgical treatment. We considered the camouflage treatment by extracting upper first premolars. Following the treatment, a satisfactory result was achieved with an acceptable static and functional occlusion, facial profile, smile and lip competence with patient satisfaction.