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Maltseva AL, Lobov AA, Pavlova PA, Panova M, Gafarova ER, Marques JP, Danilov LG, Granovitch AI. Orphan gene in Littorina: An unexpected role of symbionts in the host evolution. Gene 2022; 824:146389. [PMID: 35257790 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of reproductive isolation between closely related sympatric species are of high evolutionary significance as they may function as initial drivers of speciation and protect species integrity afterwards. Proteins involved in the establishment of reproductive barriers often evolve fast and may be key players in cessation of gene flow between the incipient species. The five Atlantic Littorina (Neritrema) species represent a notable example of recent radiation. The geographic ranges of these young species largely overlap and the mechanisms of reproductive isolation are poorly understood. In this study, we performed a detailed analysis of the reproductive protein LOSP, previously identified in Littorina. We showed that this protein is evolutionary young and taxonomically restricted to the genus Littorina. It has high sequence variation both within and between Littorina species, which is compatible with its presumable role in the reproductive isolation. The strongest differences in the LOSP structure were detected between Littorina subgenera with distinctive repetitive motifs present exclusively in the Neritrema species, but not in L. littorea. Moreover, the sequence of these repetitive structural elements demonstrates a high homology with genetic elements of bacteria, identified as components of Littorina associated microbiomes. We suggest that these elements were acquired from a symbiotic bacterial donor via horizontal genetic transfer (HGT), which is indirectly confirmed by the presence of multiple transposable elements in the LOSP flanking and intronic regions. Furthermore, we hypothesize that this HGT-driven evolutionary innovation promoted LOSP function in reproductive isolation, which might be one of the factors determining the intensive cladogenesis in the Littorina (Neritrema) lineage in contrast to the anagenesis in the L. littorea clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Maltseva
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia.
| | - A A Lobov
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia; Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - P A Pavlova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Panova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia; Department of Marine Sciences - Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E R Gafarova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - J P Marques
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - L G Danilov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A I Granovitch
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
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Pavlova PA. A Comparison of Russian Infants and Toddlers with the Reference Norms of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal 2022. [DOI: 10.31857/s020595920023647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development – Third Edition (Bayley-III) is globally recognized method for the assessment of a child neuropsychological development. The using of Bayley-III in Russia is limited due to the lack of adaptation. In this study we used Bayley-III in the series of neuropsychological assessments of 85 healthy Russian children from 4 months to 3 years (280 measurements in total). Results: In the first year of life neuropsychological development of the Russian children was very close to the norms established for the US population except for the slightly higher score on cognitive scale. After the first year of life, Russian children constantly demonstrated higher scores on all scales (cognitive, receptive communication, fine and gross motor) compared to the US norms. except for the similar/lower scores on expressive communication.
The revealed features of children's development should be carefully extrapolated to the entire Russian population, taking into account the pilot nature of the study and the limited representativeness of the studied sample. Nevertheless, the present study shows the importance of local adaptation of foreign psychometric instruments, taking into account local linguistic and cultural characteristics, as well as the importance of developing national age norms for the neuropsychic development of children. In general, further studies on larger multicenter samples are needed to clarify the identified patterns and the widespread application of such a psychometric tool as the Bailey-III scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Pavlova
- “Sirius University of Science”; Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin
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Pavlova PA, Zennegg M, Anselmetti FS, Schmid P, Bogdal C, Steinlin C, Jäggi M, Schwikowski M. Release of PCBs from Silvretta glacier (Switzerland) investigated in lake sediments and meltwater. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:10308-10316. [PMID: 26638969 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study is part of our investigations about the release of persistent organic pollutants from melting Alpine glaciers and the relevance of the glaciers as secondary sources of legacy pollutants. Here, we studied the melt-related release of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in proglacial lakes and glacier streams of the catchment of the Silvretta glacier, located in the Swiss Alps. To explore a spatial and temporal distribution of chemicals in glacier melt, we combined two approaches: (1) analysing a sediment record as an archive of past remobilization and (2) passive water sampling to capture the current release of PCBs during melt period. In addition, we determined PCBs in a non-glacier-fed stream as a reference for the background pollutant level in the area. The PCBs in the sediment core from the Silvretta lake generally complied with trends of PCB emissions into the environment. Elevated concentrations during the most recent ten years, comparable in level with times of the highest atmospheric input, were attributed to accelerated melting of the glacier. This interpretation is supported by the detected PCB fractionation pattern towards heavier, less volatile congeners, and by increased activity concentrations of the radioactive tracer (137)Cs in this part of the sediment core. In contrast, PCB concentrations were not elevated in the stream water, since no significant difference between pollutant concentrations in the glacier-fed and the non-glacier-fed streams was detected. In stream water, no current decrease of the PCBs with distance from the glacier was observed. Thus, according to our data, an influence of PCBs release due to accelerated glacier melt was only detected in the proglacial lake, but not in the other compartments of the Silvretta catchment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Pavlova
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- PSI, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Berne, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Zennegg
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - F S Anselmetti
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Berne, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Berne, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Schmid
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - C Bogdal
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Agroscope, Institute for Sustainability Sciences ISS, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - C Steinlin
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Jäggi
- PSI, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Schwikowski
- PSI, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Berne, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
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