1
|
Wang AH, Duan DH, Li XH, Leng PB, Lu YY, Zhang DD. [Investigation of serum surface active protein D and clara cell protein levels in workers exposed to silica dust in ferrous metal foundry]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:667-672. [PMID: 37805426 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220606-00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the levels of serum surface active protein D (SP-D) and clara cell protein (CCl6) in workers exposed to black silica dust, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: From July to September 2021, 174 workers in 37 positions exposed to silica dust in 5 ferrous metal foundry were investigated by cross-sectional research method. The exposure concentration of silica dust workers was obtained through occupational health field investigation and detection, and the general situation of the study subjects was obtained through questionnaire survey and peripheral blood was collected. Double antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the concentrations of SP-D and CC16 in serum of workers. The mean values were compared by one-way ANOVA, and the influencing factors of SP-D and CC16 concentrations in serum were analyzed by ordered multiple logistic regression. Results: The time-weighted average concentration (C-TWA) of 174 workers exposed to silica dust (respirable dust) ranged from 0.09 mg/m(3)~3.58 mg/m(3), and the C-TWA overstandard rate of dust exposed workers was 32.18% (56/174) , with differences among workers in different positions (χ(2)=28.85, P<0.001) . The highest concentration of silica dust was (0.82±0.11) mg/m(3). Using C-TWA<50% OEL occupational exposure limit (OEL) as reference, serum SP-D concentration in workers with ≥50% OEL was increased (OR=4.95, 95%CI: 1.86~13.17, P=0.001) , while CC16 concentration was decreased (OR=0.15, 95%CI: 0.05~0.40, P<0.001) ; Serum CC16 concentration decreased in workers exposed to silica dust C-TWA≥OEL (OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.28~0.98, P=0.043) . Compared with those with low occupational health literacy, the serum SP-D concentration of workers with high occupational health literacy decreased (OR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.25~0.92, P=0.027) and CC16 concentration increased (OR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.10-3.97, P=0.024) . Conclusion: When no abnormality was found in the physical examination of workers, the serum SP-D and CC16 concentration levels changed, and the change was related to the concentration of workers exposed to silica dust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A H Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - D H Duan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - X H Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - P B Leng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Y Y Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - D D Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Leng PB, Duan DH, Li XH, Mao GC, Qu LY, Zhang DD, Wang AH. [Analysis of dust hazard characteristics in 59 ferrous metal foundry enterprises in Ningbo City]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:591-596. [PMID: 36052589 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210401-00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the post distribution of dust concentration in ferrous metal foundry enterprises and evaluate the occupational health risks, and provide basis for policies of the formulation of pneumoconiosis prevention and control. Methods: From August to September in 2020, the basic information, dust hazard information and occupational health management information of 59 ferrous metal casting enterprises were investigated, the dust concentration distribution was analyzed, and the risk assessment was carried out by using the quantitative assignment model. The dust concentration is tested by LSD method after logarithmic treatment. The 3 times time weighted average allowable exposure concentration of dust is taken as the peak concentration limit of dust; The time weighted average allowable exposure concentration of dust converted by exposure time is taken as the time weighted average exposure concentration limit of dust, and whether the time weighted average exposure concentration and peak concentration of dust at the same post exceed the limit is taken as the basis for exceeding the limit of dust post concentration to calculate the post exceeding the limit rate. Results: The dust hazards were mainly distributed in the posts of sand treatment, molding, sand falling, sand cleaning and cutting and grinding. Dust exposure time weighted average concentration was 0.44 (0.03, 5.11) mg/m(3), peak exposure concentration was 1.30 (0.18, 10.94) mg/m(3), and the over standard rate of Posts was 38.92% (79/203) . Weighted average exposure concentration of other dust (total dust) in the cutting and grinding post is 1.50 (0.15, 7.40) mg/m(3), peak exposure concentration is 0.90 (0.07, 12.48) mg/m(3), and the post exceedance rate is 4.88% (2/41) . Weighted average exposure concentration of silica dust (exhaling dust) in dust operation posts of investment casting enterprises is 0.43 (0.05, 6.35) mg/m(3), peak exposure concentration is 0.90 (0.12, 8.28) mg/m(3), and the post over standard rate is 35.77% (49/137) ; Weighted average exposure concentration of other dust (total dust) at the cutting and grinding post is 2.00 (11.00, 21.00) mg/m(3), and the post exceedance rate is 2.50% (2/80) . There was no significant difference in the concentration of respirable dust between sand casting and investment casting (P>0.05) . The concentration of respirable dust in sand casting was higher than that in sand treatment, molding and sand cleaning posts (P<0.05) . The concentration of silica dust in investment casting was higher than that in sand treatment and molding posts, and that in sand cleaning posts was higher than that in sand treatment posts (P<0.05) . 98.48% (454/461) of the dust operation posts have an occupational health risk value greater than or equal to 400, and 1.52% (7/461) of the dust operation posts have an occupational health risk value of 200~399. Conclusion: there is a high rate of exceeding the standard in the dust work posts in the ferrous metal foundry enterprises in Ningbo, and the workers have a high occupational health risk of pneumoconiosis or metal and its compound pneumoconiosis. Targeted measures should be taken to reduce the occupational health risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P B Leng
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - D H Duan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - X H Li
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - G C Mao
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - L Y Qu
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - D D Zhang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - A H Wang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li XH, Wang AH, Leng PB, Mao GZ, Zhang DD. [Analysis of incidence characteristics and trend of pneumoconiosis in Ningbo City from 1967 to 2019]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:354-358. [PMID: 35680578 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210207-00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Ningbo city from 1967 to 2019, and to analyze the distribution characteristics and change trend of pneumoconiosis. Methods: In February 2021, the data of pneumoconiosis patients in Ningbo city from 1967 to 2019 were sorted out. The data from 1967 to 1987 were from historical case files of Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the data from 1988 to 2005 were from the historical case files of Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the data from 2006 to 2019 were from the pneumoconiosis report card in China Disease Prevention and Control Information System; Followed up and supplement relevant information, including basic information, basic information of employers and information related to pneumoconiosis diagnosis, and comprehensively analyze the composition and development trend, population characteristics and industry characteristics of pneumoconiosis. Results: From 1967 to 2019, a total of 1715 cases of pneumoconiosis were reported in Ningbo City, including 1254 cases of stageⅠpneumoconiosis, 258 cases of stageⅡpneumoconiosis, 172 cases of stage Ⅲpneumoconiosis. 1202 cases of silicosis (70.09%) , 296 cases of asbestosis (17.26%) , 40 cases of welder's pneumoconiosis (2.33%) , 32 cases of graphite pneumoconiosis (1.87%) were reported. There were 1296 male cases (75.57%) and 419 female cases (24.43%) were reported. Silicosis (91.15%, 1102/1209) and welder's pneumoconiosis (100.00%, 40/40) were the most common pneumoconiosis in males, while asbestosis (90.24%, 268/297) and graphite pneumoconiosis (87.50%, 28/32) were the most common pneumoconiosis in females. The average age was (49.71±10.90) years old and the average length of service was (10.98±6.96) years. The top three reported pneumoconiosis cases were construction industry (336 cases, 19.59%) , ferrous metal smelting and rolling industry (317 cases, 18.48%) and non-metallic mineral products industry (315 cases, 18.37%) . The top three reported pneumoconiosis cases were 414 cases (24.14%) in Ninghai County, 294 cases (17.14%) in Yuyao City and 272 cases (15.86%) in Yinzhou District. Conclusion: With the development of industries in Ningbo City, government departments should strengthen supervision and management of enterprises involving silica dust and welding fume to curb the high incidence of pneumoconiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X H Li
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - A H Wang
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - P B Leng
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - G Z Mao
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - D D Zhang
- Environmental and Occupational Health Institute, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li XH, Wang AH, Leng PB, Bian GL. [Incidence and trend of occupational diseases in Ningbo, China, from 2006 to 2015]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2017; 35:122-126. [PMID: 28355701 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the incidence, distribution features, and incidence trend of occupational diseases in Ningbo, China, from 2006 to 2015. Methods: In February 2016, the data on occupational disease report cards in the occupational disease and occupational health information system from 2006 to 2015 were collected to perform a comprehensive analysis of the types, incidence trend, population characteristics, and enterprise characteristics of occupational diseases. Results: There were 845 new cases of occupational diseases in Ningbo from 2006 to 2015, among which 596 (70.53%) were pneumoconiosis; there were 445 (74.66%) cases of stage I pneumoconiosis, 73 (12.25%) cases of stage II pneumoconiosis, and 78 (13.09%) cases of stage III pneumoconiosis; silicosis (59.76%) was the most common type of pneumoconiosis. Of all patients with occupational diseases, 84.97% were male, 64.50%were aged 35-55 years, and 63.67% had 5-20 working years. Most of the patients with occupational diseases worked in small and medium-sized private (or foreign) enterprises; the most common industries were black metal smelting and rolling (38.76%) , construction (17.11%) , and non-metallic ore mining (13.09%) . A total of 51.28%, 10.26%, and 7.69% of the patients with occupational poisoning worked in the electric apparatus manufacturing industry, furniture manufacturing industry, and chemical raw material and chemical product manufacturing industry, respectively. The cases of occupational diseases are mainly distributed in Yuyao City (24.62%) , Yinzhou District (23.91%) , and Ninghai County (15.62%) . Conclusion: Pneumoconiosis is the most common type of occupational disease in Ningbo and most of these patients work in small and medium-sized private (or foreign) enterprises. The supervision of small and medium-sized private enterprises should be enhanced to protect workers' health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X H Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang AH, Leng PB, Bian GL, Li XH, Mao GC, Zhang MB. [The application of two occupation health risk assessment models in a wooden furniture manufacturing industry]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2016; 34:756-761. [PMID: 28043248 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the applicability of 2 different models of occupational health risk assessment in wooden furniture manufacturing industry. Methods: American EPA inhalation risk model and ICMM model of occupational health risk assessment were conducted to assess occupational health risk in a small wooden furniture enterprises, respectively. Results: There was poor protective measure and equipment of occupational disease in the plant. The concentration of wood dust in the air of two workshops was over occupational exposure limit (OEL) , and the CTWA was 8.9 mg/m3 and 3.6 mg/m3, respectively. According to EPA model, the workers who exposed to benzene in this plant had high risk (9.7×10-6 ~34.3×10-6) of leukemia, and who exposed to formaldehyde had high risk (11.4 × 10-6) of squamous cell carcinoma. There were inconsistent evaluation results using the ICMM tools of standard-based matrix and calculated risk rating. There were very high risks to be attacked by rhinocarcinoma of the workers who exposed to wood dust for the tool of calculated risk rating, while high risk for the tool of standard-based matrix. For the workers who exposed to noise, risk of noise-induced deafness was unacceptable and medium risk using two tools, respectively. Conclusion: Both EPA model and ICMM model can appropriately predict and assessthe occupational health risk in wooden furniture manufactory, ICMM due to the relatively simple operation, easy evaluation parameters, assessment of occupational- disease-inductive factors comprehensively, and more suitable for wooden furniture production enterprise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A H Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|