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Tupikowski K, Partyka A, Kolodziej A, Dembowski J, Debinski P, Halon A, Zdrojowy R, Frydecka I, Karabon L. CTLA-4 and CD28 genes' polymorphisms and renal cell carcinoma susceptibility in the Polish population--a prospective study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 86:353-61. [PMID: 26403483 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in co-stimulatory genes are associated with susceptibility to several malignances such as breast cancer, cervical cancer and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but have been scarcely investigated in renal cell cancer (RCC). A total of 310 RCC patients and 518 controls were genotyped for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CTLA-4 and CD28 genes: CTLA-4c.49A>G (rs231775), CTLA-4g.319C>T (rs5742909), CTLA-4g.*6230G>A (CT60; rs3087243), CTLA-4g.*10223G>T (Jo31; rs11571302), CD28c.17+3T>C (rs3116496) and CD28c.-1042G>A (rs3181098). The distribution of the alleles, genotypes and haplotypes in the CTLA-4 and CD28 genes were similar in the RCC patients and in the controls. However, among the patients with a clear cell RCC (CCRCC), the G allele carriers of CT60 and Jo31 SNPs were overrepresented, and the overrepresentation became significant for the carriers of CT60[G] allele in CCRCC patients with necrosis in the primary tumor (P = 0.046). The CTLA-4c.49A>G[A]/CTLA-4g.319C>T[C]/CT60[A]/Jo31[T]/CD28c.17+3T>C[T]/ CD28c.1042G>A[G] haplotype was associated with an approximately threefold increased risk of primary tumor necrosis in CCRCC patients (P corrected = 0.0000007) and with the advanced stage of disease (IV) (P corrected = 0.001). When stratified by gender, CD28c.-1042G>A[GG] genotype was more frequent in the female CCRCC patients compared with healthy women (P = 0.042). Polymorphisms in the CTLA-4 and CD28 genes, in particular considered together as haplotypes, were associated with increased risk of CCRCC, especially with necrosis and with the advanced stage of disease. The CD28c.-1042G>A SNP modulates the risk of CCRCC in women. These findings indicate that the associations of the CTLA-4 and CD28 polymorphisms with the risk of renal cancer are worth further study in a larger group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tupikowski
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - A Partyka
- Department of Experimental Therapy, L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - A Kolodziej
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - J Dembowski
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - P Debinski
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - A Halon
- Division of Pathomorphology and Oncological Cytology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - R Zdrojowy
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - I Frydecka
- Department of Experimental Therapy, L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - L Karabon
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Experimental Therapy, L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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