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Krzyzankova M, Krasna M, Prodelalova J, Vasickova P. A method for the infectivity discrimination of enveloped DNA viruses using palladium compounds pre-treatment followed by real-time PCR. Pol J Vet Sci 2023; 26:211-221. [PMID: 37389423 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Cultivation-based assays represent the gold standard for the assessment of virus infectivity; however, they are time-consuming and not suitable for every virus type. Pre-treatment with platinum (Pt) compounds followed by real-time PCR has been shown to discriminate between infectious and non-infectious RNA viruses. This study examined the effect of Pt and palladium (Pd) compounds on enveloped DNA viruses, paying attention to two significant pathogens of livestock - bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) and African swine fever virus (ASFV). Native or heat-treated BoHV-1 suspension was incubated with the spectrum of Pt/Pd compounds. Bis(benzonitrile)palladium(II) dichloride (BB-PdCl 2) and dichloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene) palladium(II) (PdCl 2-COD) produced the highest differences found between native and heat- -treated viruses. Optimized pre-treatment conditions (1 mM of Pd compound, 15 min, 4°C) were applied on both virus genera and the heat inactivation profiles were assessed. A significant decrease in the detected quantity of BoHV-1 DNA and ASFV DNA after heat-treatment (60°C and 95°C) and consequent incubation with Pd compounds was observed. BB-PdCl 2 and PdCl 2-COD could help to distinguish between infectious and non-infectious enveloped DNA viruses such as BoHV-1 or ASFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Krzyzankova
- Food and Environmental Virology, Department of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Krasna
- Food and Environmental Virology, Department of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Prodelalova
- Molecular Epidemiology of Viral Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Vasickova
- Food and Environmental Virology, Department of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Stanitznig A, Khol JL, Lambacher B, Franz S, Kralik P, Slana I, Vasickova P, Wittek T. Prevalence of Mycobacterium avium
subspecies paratuberculosis
and hepatitis E in New World camelids in Austria. Vet Rec 2017; 181:46. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.104246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Stanitznig
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health; University Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - J. L. Khol
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health; University Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - B. Lambacher
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health; University Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - S. Franz
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health; University Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - P. Kralik
- Veterinary Research Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - I. Slana
- Veterinary Research Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - P. Vasickova
- Veterinary Research Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - T. Wittek
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health; University Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; Vienna Austria
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Kokkinos P, Kozyra I, Lazic S, Söderberg K, Vasickova P, Bouwknegt M, Rutjes S, Willems K, Moloney R, de Roda Husman AM, Kaupke A, Legaki E, D'Agostino M, Cook N, von Bonsdorff CH, Rzeżutka A, Petrovic T, Maunula L, Pavlik I, Vantarakis A. Virological Quality of Irrigation Water in Leafy Green Vegetables and Berry Fruits Production Chains. Food Environ Virol 2017; 9:72-78. [PMID: 27709435 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-016-9264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study condenses data acquired during investigations of the virological quality of irrigation water used in production of fresh produce. One hundred and eight samples of irrigation water were collected from five berry fruit farms in Finland (1), the Czech Republic (1), Serbia (2), and Poland (1), and sixty-one samples were collected from three leafy green vegetable farms in Poland, Serbia, and Greece. Samples were analyzed for index viruses of human or animal fecal contamination (human and porcine adenoviruses, and bovine polyoma viruses), and human pathogenic viruses (hepatitis A virus, hepatitis E virus, and noroviruses GI/GII). Both index and pathogenic viruses were found in irrigation water samples from the leafy green vegetables production chain. The data on the presence of index viruses indicated that the highest percentage of fecal contamination was of human origin (28.1 %, 18/64), followed by that of porcine (15.4 %, 6/39) and bovine (5.1 %, 2/39) origins. Hepatitis E virus (5 %, 1/20) and noroviruses GII (14.3 %, 4/28) were also detected. Samples from berry fruit production were also positive for both index and pathogenic viruses. The highest percentage of fecal contamination was of human origin (8.3 %, 9/108), followed by that of porcine, 4.5 % (4/89) and bovine, 1.1 % (1/89) origins. Norovirus GII (3.6 %, 2/56) was also detected. These data demonstrate that irrigation water used in primary production is an important vehicle of viral contamination for fresh produce, and thus is a critical control point which should be integrated into food safety management systems for viruses. The recommendations of Codex Alimentarius, as well as regulations on the use of water of appropriate quality for irrigation purposes, should be followed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kokkinos
- Environmental Microbiology Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Patras, University Campus, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - I Kozyra
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100, Puławy, Poland
| | - S Lazic
- Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Rumenacki put 20, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - K Söderberg
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Vasickova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 721 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Bouwknegt
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Rutjes
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K Willems
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management, Consortium for Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Scientia Terrae Research Institute, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - R Moloney
- Environmental Health Service, Health Service Executive, Sandfield Centre, Ennis, Co., Clare, Ireland
| | - A M de Roda Husman
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Kaupke
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100, Puławy, Poland
| | - E Legaki
- Environmental Microbiology Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Patras, University Campus, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - M D'Agostino
- Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA), Sand Hutton, York, UK
| | - N Cook
- Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA), Sand Hutton, York, UK
| | - C-H von Bonsdorff
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Rzeżutka
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
| | - T Petrovic
- Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Rumenacki put 20, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - L Maunula
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - I Pavlik
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 721 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - A Vantarakis
- Environmental Microbiology Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Patras, University Campus, 26500, Patras, Greece.
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Mikel P, Vasickova P, Kralik P. Methods for Preparation of MS2 Phage-Like Particles and Their Utilization as Process Control Viruses in RT-PCR and qRT-PCR Detection of RNA Viruses From Food Matrices and Clinical Specimens. Food Environ Virol 2015; 7:96-111. [PMID: 25711389 PMCID: PMC7090958 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-015-9188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
RNA viruses are pathogenic agents of many serious infectious diseases affecting humans and animals. The detection of pathogenic RNA viruses is based on modern molecular methods, of which the most widely used methods are the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). All steps of RT-PCR and qRT-PCR should be strictly controlled to ensure the validity of obtained results. False-negative results may be caused not only by inhibition of RT or/and PCR steps but also by failure of the nucleic acid extraction step, particularly in the case of viral RNA extraction. The control of nucleic acid extraction generally involves the utilization of a non-pathogenic virus (process control virus) of similar structural properties to those of the target virus. Although in clinical samples the use of such process control virus is only recommended, in other kinds of settings such as food matrices its use is necessary. Currently, several different process control viruses are used for these purposes. Process control viruses can also be constructed artificially using technology for production of MS2 phage-like particles, which have many advantages in comparison with other used controls and are especially suited for controlling the detection and quantification of certain types of RNA viruses. The technology for production of MS2 phage-like particles is theoretically well established, uses the knowledge gained from the study of the familiar bacteriophage MS2 and utilizes many different approaches for the construction of the various process control viruses. Nevertheless, the practical use of MS2 phage-like particles in routine diagnostics is relatively uncommon. The current situation with regard to the use of MS2 phage-like particles as process control viruses in detection of RNA viruses and different methods of their construction, purification and use are summarized and discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mikel
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic,
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Foretova L, Petrakova K, Palacova M, Kalabova R, Svoboda M, Navratilova M, Schneiderova M, Bolcak K, Krejci E, Drazan L, Mikova M, Hazova J, Vasickova P, Machackova E. Genetic testing and prevention of hereditary cancer at the MMCI--over 10 years of experience. Klin Onkol 2010; 23:388-400. [PMID: 21348412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary cancer syndromes are frequently seen in young cancer patients and patients with a positive family history. Genetic testing is important for the identification of high-risk individuals, and for the early introduction of specialized preventive care or prophylactic surgeries. High-risk tumour suppressor genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) and DNA repair genes (MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6) are responsible for a substantial part of hereditary breast, ovarian and colorectal cancer. Other hereditary cancers are seen less frequently, but genetic testing has increased for many other site-specific cancers and complex syndromes. Genetic centres and molecular genetic laboratories are located mostly within university or regional hospitals. Some genetic centres are private. It is highly recommended (Czech Society for Medical Genetics) that all laboratories are accredited according to ISO 15,189 and that genetic testing of hereditary cancer syndromes is indicated by medical geneticists. The indication criteria and prevention strategies were published in Supplement 22 of Clinical Oncology 2009 (in Czech). Preventive care for high-risk individuals is organized by thirteen Oncology Centres, which provide most of the oncology care in the Czech Republic. Genetic testing and preventive care for high-risk individuals and mutation carriers is covered by health insurance. The molecular genetic laboratory at the MMCI provides molecular genetic testing of BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2 for hereditary breast/ovarian cancer, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 for Lynch syndrome,TP53 for Li-Fraumeni syndrome, CDKN2A for familial malignant melanoma syndrome and CDH1 gene for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. Other syndromes are tested in specialized laboratories elsewhere.The use of genetic testing is increasing because of more frequent referrals from oncologists and other specialists and the increasing variety of genes tested. However, in some patients the testing is not recommended and other family members are dying because of the late diagnosis of hereditary syndrome. Greater awareness of the importance of genetic testing in oncology is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Vasickova P, Pavlik I, Verani M, Carducci A. Issues Concerning Survival of Viruses on Surfaces. Food Environ Virol 2010; 2:24-34. [PMCID: PMC7091010 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-010-9025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are the causative agents of an estimated 60% of human infections worldwide. The most common viral illnesses are produced by enteric and respiratory viruses. Transmission of these viruses from an infected person or animal to a new host can occur via several routes. Existing studies strongly suggest that contaminated fomites or surfaces play an important role in the spreading of viral diseases. The potential of viral spreading via contaminated surfaces depends particularly on the ability of the virus to maintain infectivity whilst it is in the environment. This is affected by a combination of biological, physical and chemical factors. This review summarises current knowledge about the influence of environmental factors on the survival and spread of viruses via contaminated surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Vasickova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I. Pavlik
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M. Verani
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno, 35-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A. Carducci
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno, 35-56127 Pisa, Italy
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Foretova L, Lukesova M, Vasickova P, Navratilova M, Pavlu H, Kuklova J, Urbankova V, Hanouskova D, Dvorackova B, Machackova E. Hereditary breast cancer – a spectrum of pathogenic mutations and unknown variants of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in the Czech Republic: efficiency of testing and clinical follow-up. Breast Cancer Res 2005. [PMCID: PMC4233514 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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