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Sohail B, Blowey PJ, Rochford LA, Ryan PTP, Duncan DA, Lee TL, Starrs P, Costantini G, Woodruff DP, Maurer RJ. Donor-Acceptor Co-Adsorption Ratio Controls the Structure and Electronic Properties of Two-Dimensional Alkali-Organic Networks on Ag(100). J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 2023; 127:2716-2727. [PMID: 36798903 PMCID: PMC9923740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c08688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The results are presented of a detailed combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the influence of coadsorbed electron-donating alkali atoms and the prototypical electron acceptor molecule 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) on the Ag(100) surface. Several coadsorption phases were characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, and soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Quantitative structural data were obtained using normal-incidence X-ray standing wave (NIXSW) measurements and compared with the results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations using several different methods of dispersion correction. Generally, good agreement between theory and experiment was achieved for the quantitative structures, albeit with the prediction of the alkali atom heights being challenging for some methods. The adsorption structures depend sensitively on the interplay of molecule-metal charge transfer and long-range dispersion forces, which are controlled by the composition ratio between alkali atoms and TCNQ. The large difference in atomic size between K and Cs has negligible effects on stability, whereas increasing the ratio of K/TCNQ from 1:4 to 1:1 leads to a weakening of molecule-metal interaction strength in favor of stronger ionic bonds within the two-dimensional alkali-organic network. A strong dependence of the work function on the alkali donor-TCNQ acceptor coadsorption ratio is predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Sohail
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - P. J. Blowey
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K.
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, DidcotOX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - L. A. Rochford
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, BirminghamB15 2TT, U.K.
| | - P. T. P. Ryan
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, DidcotOX11 0DE, U.K.
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College, London, LondonSW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - D. A. Duncan
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, DidcotOX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - T.-L. Lee
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, DidcotOX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - P. Starrs
- Diamond
Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, DidcotOX11 0DE, U.K.
- School of
Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. AndrewsKY16 9AJ, U.K.
| | - G. Costantini
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K.
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, BirminghamB15 2TT, U.K.
| | - D. P. Woodruff
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - R. J. Maurer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K.
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, U.K.
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Atkinson M, Bevan R, Becker S, Breitz L, Brennan P, Crisp J, Etherton C, Ellis R, Feran K, Frazer E, Freiburger P, Garber K, Geekie M, Giedrys-Leeper E, Greenwall L, Grundy B, Heffernan M, Hetherington I, Hill G, Kidd A, Moxham D, Olesen N, Paolella T, Roland S, Safdar N, Stalker K, Starrs P, Stephanakis C, Tant R, Tibbott B, Tipton D, Wade J, Wadhawani R, Wise M, Wozniak R. Commercialism in marketing. Br Dent J 2006; 200:124-5. [PMID: 16474320 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4813243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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