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Chan PHW, Lee L, Kim E, Hui T, Stoynov N, Nassar R, Moksa M, Cameron DM, Hirst M, Gsponer J, Mayor T. The [PSI +] yeast prion does not wildly affect proteome composition whereas selective pressure exerted on [PSI +] cells can promote aneuploidy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8442. [PMID: 28814753 PMCID: PMC5559586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast Sup35 protein is a subunit of the translation termination factor, and its conversion to the [PSI +] prion state leads to more translational read-through. Although extensive studies have been done on [PSI +], changes at the proteomic level have not been performed exhaustively. We therefore used a SILAC-based quantitative mass spectrometry approach and identified 4187 proteins from both [psi -] and [PSI +] strains. Surprisingly, there was very little difference between the two proteomes under standard growth conditions. We found however that several [PSI +] strains harbored an additional chromosome, such as chromosome I. Albeit, we found no evidence to support that [PSI +] induces chromosomal instability (CIN). Instead we hypothesized that the selective pressure applied during the establishment of [PSI +]-containing strains could lead to a supernumerary chromosome due to the presence of the ade1-14 selective marker for translational read-through. We therefore verified that there was no prevalence of disomy among newly generated [PSI +] strains in absence of strong selection pressure. We also noticed that low amounts of adenine in media could lead to higher levels of mitochondrial DNA in [PSI +] in ade1-14 cells. Our study has important significance for the establishment and manipulation of yeast strains with the Sup35 prion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick H W Chan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Erin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tony Hui
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nikolay Stoynov
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Roy Nassar
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle Moksa
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dale M Cameron
- Department of Biology, Ursinus College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Martin Hirst
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joerg Gsponer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Thibault Mayor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Lamour G, Nassar R, Chan PHW, Bozkurt G, Li J, Bui JM, Yip CK, Mayor T, Li H, Wu H, Gsponer JA. Mapping the Broad Structural and Mechanical Properties of Amyloid Fibrils. Biophys J 2017; 112:584-594. [PMID: 28256219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are fibrillar nanostructures of proteins that are assembled in several physiological processes in human cells (e.g., hormone storage) but also during the course of infectious (prion) and noninfectious (nonprion) diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob and Alzheimer's diseases, respectively. How the amyloid state, a state accessible to all proteins and peptides, can be exploited for functional purposes but also have detrimental effects remains to be determined. Here, we measure the nanomechanical properties of different amyloids and link them to features found in their structure models. Specifically, we use shape fluctuation analysis and sonication-induced scission in combination with full-atom molecular dynamics simulations to reveal that the amyloid fibrils of the mammalian prion protein PrP are mechanically unstable, most likely due to a very low hydrogen bond density in the fibril structure. Interestingly, amyloid fibrils formed by HET-s, a fungal protein that can confer functional prion behavior, have a much higher Young's modulus and tensile strength than those of PrP, i.e., they are much stiffer and stronger due to a tighter packing in the fibril structure. By contrast, amyloids of the proteins RIP1/RIP3 that have been shown to be of functional use in human cells are significantly stiffer than PrP fibrils but have comparable tensile strength. Our study demonstrates that amyloids are biomaterials with a broad range of nanomechanical properties, and we provide further support for the strong link between nanomechanics and β-sheet characteristics in the amyloid core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lamour
- Michael Smith Laboratories-Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Roy Nassar
- Michael Smith Laboratories-Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Patrick H W Chan
- Michael Smith Laboratories-Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gunes Bozkurt
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jixi Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer M Bui
- Michael Smith Laboratories-Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Calvin K Yip
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Thibault Mayor
- Michael Smith Laboratories-Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hongbin Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jörg A Gsponer
- Michael Smith Laboratories-Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Cheung S, Ma L, Chan PHW, Hu HL, Mayor T, Chen HT, Measday V. Ty1 Integrase Interacts with RNA Polymerase III-specific Subcomplexes to Promote Insertion of Ty1 Elements Upstream of Polymerase (Pol) III-transcribed Genes. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:6396-411. [PMID: 26797132 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.686840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Retrotransposons are eukaryotic mobile genetic elements that transpose by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate and are derived from retroviruses. The Ty1 retrotransposon of Saccharomyces cerevisiae belongs to the Ty1/Copia superfamily, which is present in every eukaryotic genome. Insertion of Ty1 elements into the S. cerevisiae genome, which occurs upstream of genes transcribed by RNA Pol III, requires the Ty1 element-encoded integrase (IN) protein. Here, we report that Ty1-IN interacts in vivo and in vitro with RNA Pol III-specific subunits to mediate insertion of Ty1 elements upstream of Pol III-transcribed genes. Purification of Ty1-IN from yeast cells followed by mass spectrometry (MS) analysis identified an enrichment of peptides corresponding to the Rpc82/34/31 and Rpc53/37 Pol III-specific subcomplexes. GFP-Trap purification of multiple GFP-tagged RNA Pol III subunits from yeast extracts revealed that the majority of Pol III subunits co-purify with Ty1-IN but not two other complexes required for Pol III transcription, transcription initiation factors (TF) IIIB and IIIC. In vitro binding studies with bacterially purified RNA Pol III proteins demonstrate that Rpc31, Rpc34, and Rpc53 interact directly with Ty1-IN. Deletion of the N-terminal 280 amino acids of Rpc53 abrogates insertion of Ty1 elements upstream of the hot spot SUF16 tRNA locus and abolishes the interaction of Ty1-IN with Rpc37. The Rpc53/37 complex therefore has an important role in targeting Ty1-IN to insert Ty1 elements upstream of Pol III-transcribed genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Cheung
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wine Research Centre, and
| | | | - Patrick H W Chan
- Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada and
| | - Hui-Lan Hu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 115
| | - Thibault Mayor
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada and
| | - Hung-Ta Chen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 115
| | - Vivien Measday
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wine Research Centre, and
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Chan PHW, Cheung AH, Okon M, Chen HM, Withers SG, McIntosh LP. Investigating the Structural Dynamics of α-1,4-Galactosyltransferase C from Neisseria meningitidis by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Biochemistry 2013; 52:320-32. [DOI: 10.1021/bi301317d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick H. W. Chan
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Centre for High-throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4,
Canada
| | - Adrienne H. Cheung
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Mark Okon
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1,
Canada
| | - Hong-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1,
Canada
| | - Stephen G. Withers
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Centre for High-throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4,
Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1,
Canada
| | - Lawrence P. McIntosh
- Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Centre for High-throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4,
Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1,
Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4,
Canada
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Chan PHW, Weissbach S, Okon M, Withers SG, McIntosh LP. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectral assignments of α-1,4-galactosyltransferase LgtC from Neisseria meningitidis: substrate binding and multiple conformational states. Biochemistry 2012; 51:8278-92. [PMID: 22992161 DOI: 10.1021/bi3010279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide α-1,4-galactosyltransferase C (LgtC) from Neisseria meningitidis is responsible for a key step in lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis involving the transfer of α-galactose from the sugar donor UDP-galactose to a terminal acceptor lactose. Crystal structures of the complexes of LgtC with Mn(2+) and the sugar donor analogue UDP-2-deoxy-2-fluorogalactose in the absence and presence of the sugar acceptor analogue 4'-deoxylactose provided key insights into the galactosyl-transfer mechanism. Combined with kinetic analyses, the enzymatic mechanism of LgtC appears to involve a "front-side attack" S(N)i-like mechanism with a short-lived oxocarbenium-phosphate ion pair intermediate. As a prerequisite for investigating the required roles of structural dynamics in this catalytic mechanism by nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, the transverse relaxation-optimized amide (15)N heteronuclear single-quantum correlation and methyl (13)C heteronuclear multiple-quantum correlation spectra of LgtC in its apo, substrate analogue, and product complexes were partially assigned. This was accomplished using a suite of complementary spectroscopic approaches, combined with selective isotopic labeling and mutagenesis of all the isoleucine residues in the protein. Only ~70% of the amide signals could be detected, whereas more than the expected number of methyl signals were observed, indicating that LgtC adopts multiple interconverting conformational states. Chemical shift perturbation mapping provided insights into substrate and product binding, including the demonstration that the sugar donor analogue (UDP-2FGal) associates with LgtC only in the presence of a metal ion (Mg(2+)). These spectral assignments provide the foundation for detailed studies of the conformational dynamics of LgtC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick H W Chan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Chan PHW, Lairson LL, Lee HJ, Wakarchuk WW, Strynadka NCJ, Withers SG, McIntosh LP. NMR Spectroscopic Characterization of the Sialyltransferase CstII from Campylobacter jejuni: Histidine 188 Is the General Base. Biochemistry 2009; 48:11220-30. [DOI: 10.1021/bi901606n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick H. W. Chan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Centre for High-throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Luke L. Lairson
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Ho Jun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Centre for High-throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Warren W. Wakarchuk
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6 Canada
| | - Natalie C. J. Strynadka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Centre for High-throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Stephen G. Withers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Centre for High-throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Lawrence P. McIntosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Centre for High-throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1 Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada
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