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Bich-Loan NT, Kien KT, Thanh NL, Kim-Thanh NT, Huy NQ, The-Hai P, Muller M, Nachtergael A, Duez P, Thang ND. Toxicity and Anti-Proliferative Properties of Anisomeles indica Ethanol Extract on Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells and Zebrafish Embryos. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:257. [PMID: 33804714 PMCID: PMC8003830 DOI: 10.3390/life11030257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we showed that crude extract of Anisomeles indica (AI-EtE) expressed its toxicity to HeLa cells with an IC50 dose of 38.8 µg/mL and to zebrafish embryos with malformations, lethality and hatching inhibition at 72-hpf at doses higher than 75 µg/mL. More interestingly, flow cytometry revealed that AI-EtE significantly promoted the number of cells entering apoptotic. Accordingly, the transcript levels of BAX, CASPASE-8, and CASPASE-3 in the cells treated with AI-EtE at IC50 dose were 1.55-, 1.62-, and 2.45-fold higher than those in the control cells, respectively. Moreover, treatment with AI-EtE caused cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase in a p53-independent manner. Particularly, percentages of AI-EtE-treated cells in G1, S, G2/M were, respectively 85%, 6.7% and 6.4%; while percentages of control cells in G1, S, G2/M were 64%, 15% and 19%, respectively. Consistent with cell cycle arrest, the expressions of CDKN1A and CDNK2A in AI-EtE-treated cells were up-regulated 1.9- and 1.64-fold, respectively. Significantly, treatment with AI-EtE also decreased anchorage-independent growth of HeLa cells. In conclusion, we suggest that Anisomeles indica can be considered as a medicinal plant with a possible use against cervical cancer cells; however, the used dose should be carefully monitored, especially when applying to pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen T. Bich-Loan
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.B.-L.); (K.T.K.); (N.L.T.); (N.T.K.-T.); (N.Q.H.); (P.T.-H.)
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000 Mons, Belgium; (A.N.); (P.D.)
| | - Kieu Trung Kien
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.B.-L.); (K.T.K.); (N.L.T.); (N.T.K.-T.); (N.Q.H.); (P.T.-H.)
| | - Nguyen Lai Thanh
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.B.-L.); (K.T.K.); (N.L.T.); (N.T.K.-T.); (N.Q.H.); (P.T.-H.)
| | - Nguyen T. Kim-Thanh
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.B.-L.); (K.T.K.); (N.L.T.); (N.T.K.-T.); (N.Q.H.); (P.T.-H.)
| | - Nguyen Quang Huy
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.B.-L.); (K.T.K.); (N.L.T.); (N.T.K.-T.); (N.Q.H.); (P.T.-H.)
| | - Pham The-Hai
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.B.-L.); (K.T.K.); (N.L.T.); (N.T.K.-T.); (N.Q.H.); (P.T.-H.)
| | - Marc Muller
- Laboratory for Organogenesis and Regeneration, GIGA-R, Department Life Sciences, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Amandine Nachtergael
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000 Mons, Belgium; (A.N.); (P.D.)
| | - Pierre Duez
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000 Mons, Belgium; (A.N.); (P.D.)
| | - Nguyen Dinh Thang
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.T.B.-L.); (K.T.K.); (N.L.T.); (N.T.K.-T.); (N.Q.H.); (P.T.-H.)
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