Job Satisfaction within the Grassroots Healthcare System in Vietnam's Key Industrial Region-Binh Duong Province: Validating the Vietnamese Version of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire Scale

Background: The grassroots healthcare system is the closest and most community-oriented force, working as an extended arm of the primary healthcare network to implement healthcare programs at the household level. Its comprehensive development is a crucial task set by the Vietnamese government. Job satisfaction significantly influences the performance of healthcare staff within this system. Objective: to assess job satisfaction among healthcare staff using the short-form of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire while also evaluating the Vietnamese translation of this scale. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with analysis based on the responses of 587 healthcare staff using the Vietnamese-translated version of the MSQ short-form scale. The response data from the participants were subjected to CFA, and if the proposed CFA model did not fit the data, EFA was conducted. Results: The results indicate that the new model, which evaluates job-related factors in three distinct groups, is more suitable than the original model. The 14 questions of the MSQ scale were analyzed and categorized into Autonomy, Obligation, and Specificity based on the participants' responses. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) conducted on the new model demonstrated favorable fit indices: CFI = 0.934, TLI = 0.917, GFI = 0.919, and RMSEA = 0.093 (90% CI: 0.085-0.102). Conclusions: The Vietnamese version of the MSQ short form demonstrates reliability and validity. It also provides additional data on the effectiveness of the MSQ short form in measuring job satisfaction.

Clinical Features and the Outcome Evaluations of Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar Treatment with Triamcinolone Injection in Mekong Delta, Vietnam - A Cross-Sectional Study

Background

Excessive scarring is a common problem that can have significant cosmetic and psychological consequences for patients. Intralesional injection therapy, such as the use of triamcinolone, has emerged as an effective treatment option for hypertrophic scars. The objective of this study was to describe the morphological features of hypertrophic scars, categorize them, and evaluate the efficacy of triamcinolone injection therapy in treating these scars.

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study of 80 patients with hypertrophic scars treated with triamcinolone intralesional injection at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from 5/2018 to 5/2021.

Results

There were 80 patients in all, with a male/female ratio of 1/1.05 and a median age of 15-35. There were 129 scars in all, with scar age >1 year accounting for 83%, keloid scars accounting for 64%, and hypertrophic scars accounting for the remaining 36%. Scars are most commonly seen on the trunk, accounting for 53.5% of all scars, particularly on the anterior chest wall. When the source of scars was discovered, trauma and acne accounted for 24% and 23%, respectively, while the rest were predominantly spontaneous scars, accounting for 49%. Scarring and discomfort of mild to moderate severity were common clinical symptoms; scars larger than 5cm in size had more symptoms than scars smaller than 5cm. Prior to the therapy, the mean Vancouver Score Scale-VSS was 6.55±2.13. After 24 weeks of the therapy, 96.7% of patients had entirely improved itching symptoms, 75% had completely improved pain, and 25% still had minimal pain. After therapy, the mean Vancouver Score Scale-VSS was 2.55±1.81 (p<0.05). At week 24, 3.75% of patients experienced skin shrinkage, 3.75% experienced depigmentation, and 13.75% experienced vasodilation.

Conclusion

Triamcinolone intralesional injection should be utilized as a first-line therapy for hypertrophic scarring.

Do acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease-causing PirABVP toxins aggravate vibriosis?

Gram-negative marine bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important aquatic pathogen and has been demonstrated to be the causative agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrotic disease (AHPND) in shrimp aquaculture. The AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus strains contain a pVA1 plasmid encoding the binary PirA^VP and PirB^VP toxins, are the primary virulence factor that mediates AHPND and mortality in shrimp. Since PirAB^VP toxins are secreted extracellularly, one can hypothesize that PirAB^VP toxins would aggravate vibriosis in the aquatic environment. To address this, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted. Germ-free Artemia franciscana were co-challenged with PirAB^VP toxins and 10 Vibrio spp. The in vivo results showed that PirAB^VP toxin interact synergistically with MM30 (a quorum sensing AI-2 deficient mutant) and V. alginolyticus AQ13-91, aggravating vibriosis. However, co-challenge by PirAB^VP toxins and V. campbellii LMG21363, V. parahaemolyticus CAIM170, V. proteolyticus LMG10942, and V. anguillarum NB10 worked antagonistically, increasing the survival of Artemia larvae. The in vitro results showed that the addition of PirAB^VP toxins significantly modulated the production of the virulence factors of studied Vibrio spp. Yet these in vitro results did not help to explain the in vivo results. Hence it appears that PirAB^VP toxins can aggravate vibriosis. However, the dynamics of interaction is strain dependent.