1
|
Sun JJ, Shen CY, Liu XM, Liu PZ. Abnormal Prefrontal Brain Activation During a Verbal Fluency Task in Treatment-Resistant Depression Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:84-92. [PMID: 36891592 PMCID: PMC9996150 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study investigated cognitive performance and brain function between treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and non- TRD patients to find potential neurobiological markers associated with refractoriness in depression patients. METHODS Fourteen TRD patients, 26 non-TRD patients and 23 healthy controls (HC) were included in the present study. The neural function of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and cognitive performance among the three group were examined using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during verbal fluency task (VFT). RESULTS Both TRD and non-TRD groups exhibited significantly worse VFT performance and lower activation of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) changes in the bilateral dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) compared to the HC group. Within the TRD and non-TRD groups, VFT performance was no significant difference, but activation of oxy-Hb changes in dorsomedial PFC (DMPFC) in TRD patients was significantly lower than non-TRD patients. In addition, activation of oxy-Hb changes in right DLPFC were negatively correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms in depression patients. CONCLUSION Both TRD patients and non-TRD patients exhibited lower oxy-Hb activation in DLPFC. TRD patients exhibit lower oxy- Hb activation in DMPFC than non-TRD patients. fNIRS maybe a useful tool for predict depressive patients with or without treatment resistant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Sun
- Zhenjiang Mental Health Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Yu Shen
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu S, Li XJ, Law S, Shen CY, Yao GQ, Zhang XQ, Li J, Chen GF, Xu B, Liu XM, Ma XY, Feng K, Liu PZ. Prefrontal cortex alterations in major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and their comorbidity during a verbal fluency task assessed by multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy. Psychiatry Res 2021; 306:114229. [PMID: 34749225 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are frequently comorbid with each other, and both associated with substantial cognitive impairments; however, it is still unclear whether their impairments are neurobiologically similar or distinct. This study aims to investigate the cognitive functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in patients with MDD and GAD during the verbal fluency task (VFT) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Fifty-two patients with MDD, fifty-one patients with GAD, fifty-two patients with the comorbidity of MDD and GAD (CMG), and forty-seven healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. Significant hypoactivation in the left ventrolateral and the left dorsolateral PFC was common in all patient groups when compared to HCs, suggesting a shared etiology. Furthermore, MDD patients showed significant hypoactivation at the right frontal pole cortex (FPoC) when compared to HCs and significant hypoactivation at the middle FPoC when compared to the CMG patients. Our work is the first fNIRS study to reveal the shared and unique neurobiological profiles of MDD, GAD and their comorbidity under the same standard experimentation condition, suggesting fNIRS holds promise as an adjutant to assist clinical diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Hu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Li
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Samuel Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Chen-Yu Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guan-Qun Yao
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Fang Chen
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yun Ma
- Beijing Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen GF, Mao MC, Feng K, Gan JC, Zhang XQ, Shen CY, Xu B, Liu XM, Ren XJ, Liu PZ, Wang Y. Brain activation during verbal fluency task in type II bipolar disorder patients: a near-infrared spectroscopy study. Psychiatry Res 2021; 298:113762. [PMID: 33545426 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that BD patients exhibited impairment when performing a verbal fluency task (VFT) and abnormal prefrontal cortex activation during this task. However, no study has specifically examined whether patients with type II BD demonstrate difficulty in performing VFT and impairments in relevant neural correlates or whether these are related to psychotic symptoms, the present study aimed to examine these issues. METHODS Forty-nine patients with type II BD (21 patients with psychotic symptoms [BDIIp] and 28 patients without psychotic symptoms [BDIIn]) and 45 matched healthy controls (HCs) participated the study and completed the VFTs, while their brain activity was recorded with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). RESULTS Both BDIIp and BDIIn patients showed poorer performance on VFTs than HCs. In addition, BDII patients showed lower brain activation than HCs in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right frontal pole, these results were mainly driven by BDIIn patients. Moreover, subjective psychotic symptoms were positively significantly correlated with left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation in BDII patients. CONCLUSIONS Type II BD patients showed significant impairment when performing VFTs and reduced activation in the prefrontal cortex, and subjective psychotic symptoms were associated with brain activation in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in BDII patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Chen
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Chai Mao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education
| | - Kun Feng
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie-Chun Gan
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Zhang
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Yu Shen
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xu
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia-Jin Ren
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ya Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng K, Law S, Ravindran N, Chen GF, Ma XY, Bo X, Zhang XQ, Shen CY, Li J, Wang Y, Liu XM, Sun JJ, Hu S, Liu PZ. Differentiating between bipolar and unipolar depression using prefrontal activation patterns: Promising results from functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) findings. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:476-484. [PMID: 33373907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar depression (BD) is a unique, severe and prevalent mental illness that shares many similarities in symptoms with unipolar depression (UD). Improving precision of their diagnoses would enhance treatment outcome and prognosis for both conditions. This study aims to provide evidence from functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a potential tool to differentiate UD and BD based on their differences in hemodynamic change in the prefrontal cortex during verbal fluency tasks (VFT). METHODS We enrolled 179 participants with clinically confirmed diagnoses, including 69 UD patients, 68 BD patients and 42 healthy controls(HC). Every participant was assessed using a 45-channel fNIRS and various clinical scales. FINDINGS Compared with HC, region-specific fNIR leads show UD patients had significant lower hemodynamic activation in 4 particular pre-frontal regions: 1) the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), 2) orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), 3) bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and 4) left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). In contrast, BD vs. HC comparisons showed only significant lower hemodynamic activation in the LIFG area. Furthermore, compared to BD patients, UD patients showed decreased hemodynamic activation changes in the VLPFC region. CONCLUSION Our results show significant frontal lobe activation pattern differences between UD and BD groups. fNIRS can be a potential tool to increase diagnostic precision for these conditions. In particular, the VLPFC area holds promise to be a useful site for such differentiation for further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Feng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China.
| | - Samuel Law
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Gui-Fang Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Xiang-Yun Ma
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Bo
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | | | - Chen-Yu Shen
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shuang Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen GF, Luo HY, Wu G, Zhou C, Wang K, Feng K, Xiao ZW, Huang JJ, Gan JC, Zhao P, Liu PZ, Wang Y. Improving Mental Time Travel in Schizophrenia: Do Remembering the Past and Imagining the Future Make a Difference? Cogn Ther Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-020-10083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
6
|
Feng K, Shen CY, Ma XY, Chen GF, Zhang ML, Xu B, Liu XM, Sun JJ, Zhang XQ, Liu PZ, Ju Y. Effects of music therapy on major depressive disorder: A study of prefrontal hemodynamic functions using fNIRS. Psychiatry Res 2019; 275:86-93. [PMID: 30884335 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a recurrent, chronic mental illness. While music therapy has been established as an effective treatment for MDD patients, the effects of this therapy on brain function remain unclear. This research employed near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to explore the effects of music therapy on brain activity in mild or moderate MDD patients and to illustrate the potential mechanism of music therapy. Methods: Fifteen MDD patients and fifteen healthy controls (HC) underwent neuropsychological evaluations and NIRS measurements. All participants were treated with continuous music therapy for 10 days. Subsequently, all individuals were evaluated with neuropsychological assessments and NIRS measurements again. Results: The verbal fluency task (VFT) performances of the participants yielded significantly higher scores after music therapy in terms of vegetables, four-footed animals and fruit blocks. After the music treatment, the NIRS data showed that the mean active oxy-Hb values of channels 21, 23, 19, and 41 were significantly increased in both the MDD and HC groups. The MDD group showed significant activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) after music therapy. The results indicate that music therapy could improve the brain function of MDD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Feng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Chen-Yu Shen
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Xiang-Yun Ma
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Fang Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Lu Zhang
- Bruce Copen Laboratories (Since 1947) GmbH & Co. KG Meisenweg 19a 82152 Krailling, Germany
| | - Bo Xu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Jing-Jing Sun
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China.
| | - Ya Ju
- Bruce Copen Laboratories (Since 1947) GmbH & Co. KG Meisenweg 19a 82152 Krailling, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun JJ, Liu XM, Shen CY, Feng K, Liu PZ. Abnormal prefrontal brain activation during a verbal fluency task in bipolar disorder patients with psychotic symptoms using multichannel NIRS. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:3081-3090. [PMID: 30519029 PMCID: PMC6239130 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s176153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Bipolar disorder (BD) patients with psychotic symptoms (BDp) worsens prognosis and decreases rates of recovery. The study investigated cognitive performance and brain function between BD patients in depressive episode with and without psychotic symptoms to find potential neurobiological markers associated with psychotic features of BD patients in depressive episode. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-one patients without psychotic symptoms and 29 patients with psychotic symptoms diagnosed with bipolar I disorder with a current depressive episode were included in the present study. The neural function of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and cognitive performance among BDp, BD patients without psychotic symptoms, and 23 healthy controls (HC) were examined using near-infrared spectroscopy during verbal fluency task (VFT). RESULTS 1) Both the BD groups exhibited significantly worse performance of VFT and lower activation of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) changes in the bilateral ventrolateral PFC compared with the HC group. 2) Within the BD group, VFT performance was not significantly different. 3) The prefrontal activation of oxy-Hb changes in the BDp patients was significantly lower than that in the BD patients without psychotic symptoms in the right dorsolateral PFC. 4) Activation of oxy-Hb changes in right dorsolateral PFC was negatively correlated with the severity of psychotic symptoms in BDp patients. CONCLUSION The prefrontal function differs between BD patients in depressive episode with or without psychotic symptoms measured with near-infrared spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Yu Quan Hospital, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- Yu Quan Hospital, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,
| | - Chen-Yu Shen
- Yu Quan Hospital, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,
| | - Kun Feng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Yu Quan Hospital, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- Yu Quan Hospital, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shen CY, Wang YJ, Liu XM, Zhang XQ, Ren XJ, Ma XY, Sun JJ, Feng K, Sun GX, Xu B, Liu PZ. Improvement of Orbitofrontal Cortex Function Associated with Blephrospasm Symptom Remission. Eur Neurol 2017; 77:288-294. [PMID: 28391280 DOI: 10.1159/000471850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) function improves with blepharospasm (BSP) symptom remission using a verbal fluency task and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). METHODS Nineteen BSP patients and 9 healthy controls (HCs) matched by gender and education were examined using NIRS. The BSP patients were divided into 2 groups based on the onset or remission of BSP symptoms. A covariance analysis was conducted to analyze the differences among the 3 groups to avoid the influence of different ages. The least significant difference was used to process the post hoc test. RESULTS The hemoglobin concentration and cerebral blood flow of the bilateral orbitofrontal area (channels 27, 31, 34, 37, and 39) were not significantly different between the BSP remission and HC groups (p > 0.05); however, both groups were significantly increased compared with the BSP onset group (BSP remission group vs. BSP onset group: p = 0.003, p = 0.018, p = 0.013, p = 0.001, and p = 0.011, respectively; BSP remission group vs. BSP onset group: p = 0.037, p = 0.044, p = 0.023, p = 0.016, and p = 0.025, respectively). CONCLUSION This is the first investigation to control for symptom stages in BSP patients examined via NIRS. Cognitive ability and OFC function improve with BSP symptom remission. Thus, the OFC may be inter-connected with motor and cognitive symptoms in BSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Shen
- Yuquan Hospital, Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun JJ, Liu XM, Shen CY, Zhang XQ, Sun GX, Feng K, Xu B, Ren XJ, Ma XY, Liu PZ. Reduced prefrontal activation during verbal fluency task in chronic insomnia disorder: a multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:1723-1731. [PMID: 28721053 PMCID: PMC5501642 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s136774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Daytime complaints such as memory and attention deficits and failure to accomplish daily tasks are common in insomnia patients. However, objective psychological tests to detect cognitive impairment are equivocal. Neural function associated with cognitive performance may explain the discrepancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the hemodynamic response patterns of patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID) using the noninvasive and low-cost functional neuroimaging technique of multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in order to identify changes of neural function associated with cognitive performance. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-four CID patients and twenty-five healthy controls matched for age, right-hand dominance, educational level, and gender were examined during verbal fluency tasks (VFT) using NIRS. A covariance analysis was conducted to analyze differences of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) changes in prefrontal cortex (PFC) between the two groups and reduce the influence of the severity of depression. Pearson correlation coeffcients were calculated to examine the relationship between the oxy-Hb changes, with the severity of insomnia and depressive symptoms assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD). RESULTS The number of words generated during the VFT in CID groups showed no statistical differences with healthy controls. CID patients showed hypoactivation in the PFC during the cognitive task. In addition, we found that the function of left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) during the VFT was significantly negatively correlated with the PSQI scores and the function of right dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) was significantly negatively correlated with the HAMD scores. CONCLUSION The present study detected dysfunctions in PFC in spite of intact performance which indicates the role of PFC in the neurophysiological underpinnings. Left OFC function is associated with insomnia symptoms and right DLPFC function is associated with depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Sun
- Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Yu Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Zhang
- Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gao-Xiang Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia-Jin Ren
- Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yun Ma
- Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shen CY, Wang YJ, Zhang XQ, Liu XM, Ren XJ, Ma XY, Sun JJ, Feng K, Sun GX, Xu B, Liu PZ. Prefrontal Hemodynamic Functions during a Verbal Fluency Task in Blepharospasm Using Multi-Channel NIRS. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150804. [PMID: 26942579 PMCID: PMC4778802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blepharospasm (BSP) has a morbidity of 16 to 133 per million and is characterized by orbicularis oculi spasms. BSP can severely impact daily life. However, to date, its pathophysiology has not been clearly demonstrated. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a portable, non-invasive, and high time resolution apparatus used to measure cerebral blood flow. This study aimed to investigate the hemodynamic response patterns of BSP patients and determine whether BSP alone can be an attributional factor to influence the function of the prefrontal area using a verbal fluency task (VFT) and NIRS. Twenty-three BSP patients (10 males and 13 females) and 13 healthy controls (HC; five males and eight females) matched by gender and education were examined using NIRS. BSP patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of depression and anxiety symptoms. A covariance analysis was conducted to analyze differences between the three groups and reduce the influence of different ages and educational levels. Bonferroni was used to process the post hoc test. The bilateral orbitofrontal area (ch36, 39, and 41; P<0.01) exhibited a lower activation in BSP patients without psychiatric symptoms compared with HC. This study is the first report to identify the prefrontal function in BSP using NIRS. Our findings indicate that BSP alone may cause a hypoactive hemodynamic performance in the prefrontal cortex in the absence of psychiatric symptoms. These findings provide evidence to support novel pathophysiological mechanisms of BSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Shen
- Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Xiao-Min Liu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia-Jin Ren
- Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yun Ma
- Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Jing Sun
- Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Feng
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gao-Xiang Sun
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between plasma galanin level and depression severity. METHODS The severity of depression symptoms of 79 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD; 52 women and 27 men, 71 patients in onset, 8 in remission) was assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Venous fasting blood samples (5 mL) were taken from the 79 MDD patients, 35 healthy siblings, and 19 healthy controls, and plasma samples were prepared. Galanin levels in the plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Plasma galanin in MDD patients was significantly higher than that of remission patients, healthy siblings, or healthy controls (P < 0.05) There was no significant difference between the healthy sibling and healthy control groups (P = 0.924). Plasma galanin of remission patients was also significantly higher than that of healthy controls (P < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between age and galanin levels in the 79 patients (r = 0.053, P = 0.646), nor was there a correlation between age and galanin levels when patients were stratified by gender (P > 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between plasma galanin levels and depression severity in women MDD patients (r = 0.329, df = 42, P = 0.020), but not in men patients. CONCLUSIONS Plasma galanin levels may be an important biomarker for depression severity, especially in female patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jun Wang
- Tianjin AnDing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Yu-Tao Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University
| | | | - Chuan-Yue Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Capital Medical University
| | - Zhi-Qing David Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhu Y, Liu PZ, Leung KM, Su LY, Wu DX, Zhou M. P300 differences exist between Tourette's syndrome with and without attention deficiency and hyperactivity disorder in children. World J Biol Psychiatry 2006; 7:91-8. [PMID: 16684681 DOI: 10.1080/15622970500492723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the characteristics of P300 in Tourette's syndrome (TS) with and without attention deficiency and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD Auditory evoked P300 were recorded in 19 TS only (TS-ADHD) children, 15 TS with ADHD (TS + ADHD) children and 20 unaffected control subjects, and their waveforms, amplitudes, latencies and topographies were compared at Fz, Cz, C3, C4 and Pz. RESULTS The TS + ADHD group showed shorter latencies than control subjects at all electrode sites (P<0.05 or 0.01), and the TS-ADHD group at CZ and PZ (P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference between control subjects and the TS-ADHD group. The TS-ADHD group showed smaller amplitudes than the control group at all electrode sites (P<0.05), and the TS + ADHD group at Cz (P<0.05); however, there were no significant differences between control subjects and the TS + ADHD group. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of abnormal waveforms between the control, TS, TS-ADHD and TS + ADHD groups, but there were significant differences in the variability of localization of P300 between the control and the TS group (P=0.003), control and TS + ADHD groups (P=0.000), and the TS-ADHD and TS + ADHD groups (P=0.039). P300 in the TS + ADHD group tended to spread out to the left and that of the TS-ADHD group tended to spread out to the right. CONCLUSIONS P300 differences exist between TS-ADHD and TS + ADHD in children. These suggested that establishment different development defects or delay of communications between different structures rather than a delay in maturation of the structures themselves may be involved in TS + ADHD and TS-ADHD children and ADHD symptoms in TS patients are likely a trait rather than adventitious or acquired within the TS syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- Mental Health Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital (Yu Quan Hospital) of Medical School, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brena C, Liu PZ, Minelli A, Kaufman TC. Abd-B expression in Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804 (Isopoda: Crustacea): conserved pattern versus novel roles in development and evolution. Evol Dev 2005; 7:42-50. [PMID: 15642088 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-142x.2005.05005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Hox genes are intimately involved in patterning the animal body during development and are considered to have had a pivotal role in the evolution of different body plans among the metazoans. From this perspective, crustaceans, a group that has evolved an extreme diversity of body structures, represent a choice group in which to study the evolution of these genes and their expression. The expression of one of these genes, Abdominal-B (Abd-B), has only been studied in two distantly related crustaceans, Artemia and Sacculina, where it shows dissimilar patterns, highly differentiated from the one described in other arthropods. Moreover, we have no information for the Malacostraca. Thus, we cloned the gene Abd-B and followed its expression through development by in situ hybridization in the isopod Porcellio scaber. We found a highly dynamic expression pattern of PsAbd-B during embryonic development. In early stages, it is expressed in the posterior-most part of the germ band, in a domain common to several arthropods studied to date, and later it is expressed in the developing limb buds of the pleon and still later in the endopodites of the third to fifth pleopodites. This raises the interesting possibility of the involvement of this gene in the later respiratory specialization of these appendages. In association with the above expression domain, Abd-B appears to be expressed in later stages also in the ventral ectoderm, raising the further suggestion of its possible involvement in patterning the developing nervous system. Moreover, we show that the first pleopod and the endopodite of the second pleopod, whereas present as limb buds in early embryonic stages, are later reduced and actually absent in the first postembryonic stage, although they reappear again in adults. These appendages thus represent an example of Lazarus appendages. Our data show strong plasticity in the use of a key developmental gene and point out the necessity of further research that may end with a revision of the current understanding of its role in animal evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Brena
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The past decade has seen extensive studies of the erythrocyte Rh30 polypeptides and Rh-associated glycoprotein, which specify the clinically important Rh blood group system. Here we consider recent advances on these and other Rh homologues in the context of gene organization, molecular evolution, tissue-specific expression, protein structure, and potential biological functions. The Rh family is now known to contain a large number of homologues that form a unique branch in the eucarya life domain. The ancient origin and broad distribution imply central roles for the various Rh proteins in maintaining normal cellular and organismal homeostatic conditions. Rh homologues occur in the form of multiple chromosomal loci in mice and humans, but as single-copy genes in unicellular organisms (e.g., green alga and slime mold). While primitive Rh genes vary largely in exon/intron design, the mammalian Rh homologues bear a similar genomic organization. Sequence comparisons have revealed the signatures and a consensus 12-transmembrane fold characteristic of the Rh family. Phylogenetic analysis has placed all Rh homologues as a related cluster that intercepts ammonium transporter (Amt) clusters, indicating an intimate evolutionary and structural relationship between the Rh and Amt families. The biochemical identification and epithelial expression of RhBG and RhCG orthologues in mammalian kidney, liver, skin, testis, and brain suggest that they serve as transporters likely participating in ammonia homeostasis. Further inquires into the structure, function, biosynthesis, and interaction of Rh proteins will shed new light on ammonia homeostasis in a wide range of human physiological and pathological states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Huang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The Rh (Rhesus) blood group system is the most complex of the known human blood group polymorphisms. The expression of its antigens is controlled by a two-component genetic system consisting of RH and RHAG loci, which encode Rh30 polypeptides and Rh50 glycoprotein, respectively. Over the past decade, there has been a rapid advance in knowledge of the biochemistry, molecular biology, and genetics of the Rh genes and proteins. The primary structures of D and CcEe antigens have become well understood and the molecular genetic basis of a vast array of phenotype polymorphisms has been delineated. The identification of various molecular defects associated with Rh deficiency syndrome clarifies the nature of the amorph, suppressor, and modifier genes. The observed mutation spectrum defines a basic set of components essential for Rh complex assembly in the erythrocyte membrane. The resulting molecular information, combined with new experimental tools, is helping to dissect the fine structure of Rh antigens in terms of epitope mapping. The discovery of novel Rh homologs in primitive organisms and in nonerythroid tissues opens new avenues of research beyond the scope of erythrocytes and Rh antigens. This review provides an update on the Rh family in antigen expression, phenotype diversity, and disease association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Huang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York 10021, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu PZ. [Timing of follow-up of hyperthyroidism treated with 131I]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1994; 29:584-585. [PMID: 7614566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the optimal reexamination time for the patients who had 131I therapy. The weight of thyroid, serum levels of T3 and T4 were observed in 128 patients with hyperthyroidism in various time before and after 131I therapy. The result indicated that the optimal reexamination time for the patients was 60 to 90 days after 131I treatment if the patient has no special complaints.
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The dorsal and deep arteries are the 2 main blood supplies to the penis. High resolution ultrasonography was used to evaluate the role of these 2 sets of arteries in erection. A total of 44 impotent patients entered this study. We used duplex ultrasonography (Diasonic DRF/400) to assess the role of the dorsal and deep arteries in arteriogenic and nonarteriogenic impotent patients. Vascular velocity, as well as the change in diameter, was recorded before and after an intracavernous injection of 60 mg. papaverine. In the arteriogenic impotence group (28 patients, 63.6%), the velocity increments were 37.1 +/- 23.6 (right side) and 35.4 +/- 17.5 (left side) cm. per second in the dorsal arteries, and 8.3 +/- 5.9 (right side) and 12.6 +/- 5.6 (left side) cm. per second in the deep arteries. In the nonarteriogenic group (16 patients, 36.4%) the velocity increments were 46.5 +/- 25.2 and 41.1 +/- 22.4, respectively, in the dorsal arteries, and 37.3 +/- 16.5 and 37.5 +/- 15.8, respectively, in the deep arteries. Comparison of the velocity increments between the arteriogenic and nonarteriogenic groups revealed no difference in the dorsal arteries (p greater than 0.1) but a significant difference was noted in the deep arteries (p less than 0.01). Similar findings were also encountered when the velocities and diameter increments were compared. This study indicates that the deep arteries have an important role in erectile response, while the dorsal arteries are less important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T I Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yong OY, Ma HP, Gu SB, Zhou QH, Zhang SL, Liu PZ, Zhang JY. Clinical application of DSA and evaluation of its methods: analysis of 160 cases and review of literature. Radiat Med 1990; 8:71-8. [PMID: 2247623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A total of 160 patients of two hospitals received 192 DSA examinations with different contrast administrations, and techniques of performing DSA were analyzed, compared, and evaluated with reference to the literature. It was concluded that (1) the peripheral injection of contrast material for IVDSA via cannula is simpler than that via a short catheter, but the incidences of contrast extravasation in both cases are higher than with central injection. (2) Both the lower part of the superior vena cava and the right atrial cavity are safe sites for central injection. With central injection for IVDSA, the arterial iodine concentration is approximately double that of peripheral injection, and consistent high quality examinations of the intracranial vessels may be obtained. However, neither peripheral nor central injections can visualize the small vessels clearly. (3) IVDSA may be substituted for conventional angiography only in examinations of the aorta and its main branches. (4) IADSA is becoming a superior angiographic technique and its clinical application is increasing. In addition, means of avoiding contrast extravasation during IVDSA and the main points of selecting the optimal technique for DSA are described in this paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Y Yong
- Department of Imaging Diagnosis, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region's Hospital, Huhehaote, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guan LR, Jin CF, Xu YX, Cao HX, Yu JG, Liu PZ, Chen SB, Geng CY, Chen X. [Studies on leishmania in big gerbils and lizards and its sandfly vectors in Ejin Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 1982; 4:261-5. [PMID: 6219759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
20
|
Liu PZ. [Gerbillis leishmaniasis in the desert of Gansu Province in the west of Yellow River]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 1982; 3:304-5. [PMID: 7185476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|