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Nezir AE, Bolat ZB, Ozturk N, Kocak P, Zemheri E, Gulyuz S, Ozkose UU, Yilmaz O, Vural I, Bozkır A, Sahin F, Telci D. Targeting prostate cancer with docetaxel-loaded peptide 563-conjugated PEtOx-co-PEI 30%-b-PCL polymeric micelle nanocarriers. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1023-1037. [PMID: 37318626 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a global disease that negatively affects the quality of life. Although various strategies against prostate cancer have been developed, only a few achieved tumor-specific targeting. Therefore, a special emphasis has been placed on the treatment of cancer using nano-carrier-encapsulated chemotherapeutic agents conjugated with tumor-homing peptides. The targeting strategy coupling the drugs with nanotechnology helps to overcome the most common barriers, such as high toxicity and side effects. Prostate-specific membrane antigen has emerged as a promising target molecule for prostate cancer and shown to be targeted with high affinity by GRFLTGGTGRLLRIS peptide known as peptide 563 (P563). Here, we aimed to assess the in vitro and in vivo targeting efficiency, safety, and efficacy of P563-conjugated, docetaxel (DTX)-loaded polymeric micelle nanoparticles (P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL-DTX) against prostate cancer. To this end, we analyzed the cytotoxic activity of P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL and P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL-DTX by a cell proliferation assay using PNT1A and 22Rv1 cells. We have also determined the targeting selectivity of P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL-FITC by flow cytometry and assessed the induction of cell death by western blot and TUNEL assays for P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL-DTX in 22Rv1 cells. To investigate the in vivo efficacy, we administered DTX in the free form or in polymeric micelle nanoparticles to athymic CD-1 nu/nu mice 22Rv1 xenograft models and performed histopathological analyses. Our study showed that targeting prostate cancer with P563-conjugated PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL polymeric micelles could exert a potent anti-cancer activity with low side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Ece Nezir
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Busra Bolat
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Kucukcekmece, 34303, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Naile Ozturk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, Battalgazi, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Polen Kocak
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Zemheri
- Department of Pathology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Gulyuz
- Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Ugur Ozkose
- Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Piri Reis University, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Yilmaz
- Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Turkey
| | - Imran Vural
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asuman Bozkır
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Yeni Mahalle, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Telci
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Cecen B, Bal-Ozturk A, Yasayan G, Alarcin E, Kocak P, Tutar R, Kozaci LD, Shin SR, Miri AK. Selection of natural biomaterials for micro-tissue and organ-on-chip models. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1147-1165. [PMID: 35102687 PMCID: PMC10700148 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The desired organ in micro-tissue models of organ-on-a-chip (OoC) devices dictates the optimum biomaterials, divided into natural and synthetic biomaterials. They can resemble biological tissues' biological functions and architectures by constructing bioactivity of macromolecules, cells, nanoparticles, and other biological agents. The inclusion of such components in OoCs allows them having biological processes, such as basic biorecognition, enzymatic cleavage, and regulated drug release. In this report, we review natural-based biomaterials that are used in OoCs and their main characteristics. We address the preparation, modification, and characterization methods of natural-based biomaterials and summarize recent reports on their applications in the design and fabrication of micro-tissue models. This article will help bioengineers select the proper biomaterials based on developing new technologies to meet clinical expectations and improve patient outcomes fusing disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berivan Cecen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ayca Bal-Ozturk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Yasayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Alarcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Polen Kocak
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rumeysa Tutar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Didem Kozaci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amir K. Miri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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Gulyuz S, Ozkose UU, Parlak Khalily M, Kesici MS, Kocak P, Bolat ZB, Kara A, Ozturk N, Özçubukçu S, Bozkir A, Alpturk O, Telci D, Sahin F, Vural I, Yilmaz O. Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline- co-ethyleneimine)- block-poly(ε-caprolactone) based micelles: synthesis, characterization, peptide conjugation and cytotoxic activity. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01647d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we present self-assembled polymeric micelles as potential delivery systems for therapeutic agents with highly tunable properties.
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Kocak P, Oz UC, Bolat ZB, Ozkose UU, Gulyuz S, Tasdelen MA, Yilmaz O, Bozkir A, Sahin F, Telci D. The Utilization of Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-b-Poly(ε-caprolactone) Ellipsoidal Particles for Intracellular BIKDDA Delivery to Prostate Cancer. Macromol Biosci 2020; 21:e2000287. [PMID: 33191572 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer, which is about 15-20% among male cancers worldwide. As most common strategies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or surgery alone can be unsuccessful in the treatment of prostate cancer, this study aims to develop a new approach to deliver newly generated proapoptotic gene, BIKDDA, to androgen independent prostate cancer cells, 22RV1, using new generation nanocarriers called ellipsoids. As far as it is known, this is the first study that assesses the ability of proapoptotic gene BIKDDA to induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cell. BIKDDA encapsulating PEtOx-b-PCL-based ellipsoids are fabricated by solvent-switch method, and their morphology, size, and BIKDDA content are characterized. Gene delivery efficiency of BIKDDA loaded PEtOx-b-PCL ellipsoids is demonstrated by analysis of BIK mRNA expression with real-time PCR. The apoptotic effect of PEtOx-b-PCL ellipsoids loaded with BIKDDA (EPs-BIKDDA) on 22RV1 is shown by Annexin V staining. The obtained results demonstrate that the treatment of 22RV1 cells with EPs-BIKDDA can significantly increase BIK mRNA levels by 4.5-fold leading to cell death. This study not only represents BIKDDA as a potential therapeutic strategy in prostate cancer but also the capacity of ellipsoids as promising in vivo gene delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polen Kocak
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 26 Agustos Campus, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Umut Can Oz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Yenimahalle, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Busra Bolat
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 26 Agustos Campus, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Kucukcekmece, Istanbul, 34303, Turkey
| | - Umut Ugur Ozkose
- U. U. Ozkose, S. Gulyuz, Dr. O. Yilmaz, Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Kocaeli, 41470, Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Piri Reis University, Tuzla, Istanbul, 34940, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Gulyuz
- U. U. Ozkose, S. Gulyuz, Dr. O. Yilmaz, Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Kocaeli, 41470, Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Atilla Tasdelen
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, 77200, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Yilmaz
- U. U. Ozkose, S. Gulyuz, Dr. O. Yilmaz, Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Kocaeli, 41470, Turkey
| | - Asuman Bozkir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Yenimahalle, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 26 Agustos Campus, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Dilek Telci
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 26 Agustos Campus, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
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Tiryaki KT, Cohen S, Kocak P, Canikyan Turkay S, Hewett S. In-Vitro Comparative Examination of the Effect of Stromal Vascular Fraction Isolated by Mechanical and Enzymatic Methods on Wound Healing. Aesthet Surg J 2020; 40:1232-1240. [PMID: 32514571 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjaa154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enzymatic digestion has been the gold standard for stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolation but remains expensive and raises practical and legal concerns. Mechanical SVF isolation methods have been known to produce lower cell yields, but may potentially produce a more robust product by preserving the extracellular matrix niche. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare mechanically dissociated SVF (M-SVF) and enzymatically digested SVF (E-SVF) in terms of wound-healing efficacy. METHODS Lipoaspirate was partitioned into 2 equal groups and processed by either mechanical or enzymatic isolation methods. After SVF isolation, cell counts and viabilities were determined by flow cytometry and cell proliferation rates were measured by the WST-1 test. A wound-healing scratch assay test, which is commonly used to model in-vitro wound healing, was performed with both cell cocktails. Collagen type 1 (Col1A) gene expression level, which is known for its role in wound healing, was also measured for both groups. RESULTS As predicted, E-SVF isolated more cells (mean [standard deviation], 1.74 [3.63] × 106/mL, n = 10, P = 0.015) than M-SVF (0.94 [1.69] × 106/mL, n = 10, P = 0.015), but no significant difference was observed in cell viability. However, M-SVF expressed over 2-fold higher levels of stem cell surface markers and a 10% higher proliferation rate compared with E-SVF. In addition, the migration rate and level of Col1A gene expression of M-SVF were found to be significantly higher than those of E-SVF. CONCLUSIONS Although the cell yield of M-SVF was less than that of E-SVF, M-SVF appears to have superior wound-healing properties.
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Gulyuz S, Bayram D, Ozkose UU, Bolat ZB, Kocak P, Saka OM, Devrim B, Parlak Khalily M, Telci D, Sahin F, Özçubukçu S, Sezer E, Tasdelen MA, Alpturk O, Bozkır A, Yilmaz O. Synthesis, biocompatibility and gene encapsulation of poly(2-Ethyl 2-Oxazoline)-dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PEtOx-DOPE) and post-modifications with peptides and fluorescent dye coumarin. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1767617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevgi Gulyuz
- Materials Institution, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Bayram
- Materials Institution, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Ugur Ozkose
- Materials Institution, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Piri Reis University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Busra Bolat
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Polen Kocak
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ongun Mehmet Saka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Devrim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melek Parlak Khalily
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Dilek Telci
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Salih Özçubukçu
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esma Sezer
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Atilla Tasdelen
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymer Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Onur Alpturk
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Bozkır
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Yilmaz
- Materials Institution, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Tiryaki T, Condé-Green A, Cohen SR, Canikyan S, Kocak P. A 3-step Mechanical Digestion Method to Harvest Adipose-derived Stromal Vascular Fraction. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2020; 8:e2652. [PMID: 32309095 PMCID: PMC7159941 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000002652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolation with enzymatic digestion is the gold standard, but is expensive, having practical and legal concerns. The alternative mechanical SVF isolation methods provide lower cell yields as they employ either centrifugation, emulsification, or digestion steps alone. We combined mechanical processing with buffer incubation and centrifugation steps into an isolation method called “mechanical digestion” and compared the cell yields with that of enzymatic digestion. Methods: A total of 40-mL lipoaspirate was harvested from 35 women undergoing liposuction and was submitted to conventional enzymatic digestion for SVF isolation or mechanical digestion using a closed unit harnessing 3 ports with blades, followed by buffer incubation and centrifugation. Culture of the SVFs and flow cytometry were performed. Results: The SVF cell yield obtained by enzymatic digestion was significantly higher 3.38 × 106/mL (±3.63; n = 35) than that obtained by mechanical digestion 1.34 × 106/mL (±1.69; n = 35), P = 0.015. The average cell viability was 82.86% ± 10.68 after enzymatic digestion versus 85.86% ± 5.74 after mechanical digestion, which was not significant. Mechanical digested SVF expressed 2-fold higher stem cell surface markers compared with enzymatically digested SVF. Mechanical digestion was less time consuming, cost effective, and did not require a specific laboratory environment. Conclusions: Mechanically digested SVF was comparable to enzymatically digested SVF in terms of stromal cell composition and viability. With mechanical digestion, we can isolate 30%–50% SVF cells of that isolated with enzymatic digestion. Further studies are warranted to determine the clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunc Tiryaki
- Plastic Surgery Division, Cadogan Clinic, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Condé-Green
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Steven R Cohen
- Plastic Surgery Division, Faces Plus Clinic, San Diego, Calif
| | - Serli Canikyan
- Research and Development Department, Lipocube Inc., London, UK
| | - Polen Kocak
- Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Gulyuz S, Ozkose UU, Kocak P, Telci D, Yilmaz O, Tasdelen MA. In-vitro cytotoxic activities of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-based amphiphilic block copolymers prepared by CuAAC click chemistry. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2018.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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