Ghosh AK, Kishore B, Shaikh I, Satyavrat V, Kumar A, Shah T, Pote P, Shinde S, Berde Y, Low YL, Tan VMH, Huynh DTT. Effect of oral nutritional supplementation on growth and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in picky eating children at nutritional risk: a randomized, controlled trial.
J Int Med Res 2018;
46:2186-2201. [PMID:
29614897 PMCID:
PMC6023057 DOI:
10.1177/0300060518757355]
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Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the effect of oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) plus dietary counselling (DC) (intervention) versus DC alone (control) on growth and upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in nutritionally at-risk, picky eating children in India.
Methods
We performed a 90-day, prospective, randomized, controlled trial. A total of 255 children aged 24–72 months with a weight-for-age z-score ≥−2 and <−1, picky eating behaviour, and acute URTI were randomized to the control (n = 128) or intervention group (n = 127). The outcomes included the change in weight-for-age z-score from days 1 to 90 and the URTI incidence.
Results
The mean age was 44.0 ± 14.3 months. The intervention group showed a significantly greater increase in mean weight-for-age and body mass index-for-age z-scores compared with the control group from day 10 onwards. Higher energy intake in the intervention group was observed at all follow-up visits, except for day 10. The incidence of URTI in the control group was 2.01 times higher than that in the intervention group, controlling for confounding factors.
Conclusions
ONS plus DC is effective for improving weight and reducing the incidence of URTI in nutritionally at-risk, picky eating children with an acute URTI episode.
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