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Fernández-Llamazares Á, Lepofsky D, Lertzman K, Armstrong CG, Brondizio ES, Gavin MC, Lyver PO, Nicholas GP, Pascua P, Reo NJ, Reyes-García V, Turner NJ, Yletyinen J, Anderson EN, Balée W, Cariño J, David-Chavez DM, Dunn CP, Garnett SC, Greening (La'goot) S, (Niniwum Selapem) SJ, Kuhnlein H, Molnár Z, Odonne G, Retter GB, Ripple WJ, Sáfián L, Bahraman AS, Torrents-Ticó M, Vaughan MB. Scientists' Warning to Humanity on Threats to Indigenous and Local Knowledge Systems. J ETHNOBIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, PO Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dana Lepofsky
- Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ken Lertzman
- School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Michael C. Gavin
- Department of Human Dimensions of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | | | | | - Pua'ala Pascua
- Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY
| | - Nicholas J. Reo
- Dartmouth College, Native American Studies and Environmental Studies programs, Hanover, NH
| | | | - Nancy J. Turner
- Emeritus, School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - William Balée
- Department of Anthropology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | | | | | | | - Stephen C. Garnett
- Research Institute for the Environment and Sustainable Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Northern Territory, Australia
| | | | | | - Harriet Kuhnlein
- Centre for Indigenous Peoples' Nutrition and Environment (CINE), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Zsolt Molnár
- Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Guillaume Odonne
- UMR 3456 LEEISA (Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens), CNRS, Université de Guyane, IFREMER, Cayenne, France
| | | | - William J. Ripple
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | | | - Abolfazl Sharifian Bahraman
- Range and Watershed Management Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
| | - Miquel Torrents-Ticó
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, PO Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mehana Blaich Vaughan
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Sea Grant College Program and Hui Āina Momona; University of Hawai‘i, Mānoa, HI
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Pozo MJ, Gomez-Pinilla PJ, Camello-Almaraz C, Martin-Cano FE, Pascua P, Rol MA, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Camello PJ. Melatonin, a potential therapeutic agent for smooth muscle-related pathological conditions and aging. Curr Med Chem 2011; 17:4150-65. [PMID: 20939818 DOI: 10.2174/092986710793348536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Increases or decreases in the contractile response of smooth muscle underlie important pathological conditions such as hypertension, incontinence and altered gastrointestinal transit. These disorders are also frequently encountered in the aged population. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key features in the initiation, progression, and clinical manifestations of smooth muscle disorders. Melatonin, the major secretory product of the pineal gland, has free radical scavenging and antioxidative properties and protects against oxidative insult. Recently, widespread interest has grown regarding the apparent protective effects of melatonin on smooth muscle dysfunction. "In vitro" studies have shown that melatonin decreased vascular tone of vascular beds from control, hypertensive or aged animals, through the reduction of adrenergic contraction and the increase in acetylcholine-induced relaxation. "In vivo", melatonin also attenuates sympathetic tone by direct activation of melatonin receptors, scavenging free radicals or increasing NO availability in the central nervous system. In the gastrointestinal tract, melatonin treatment improves age-related impairments in gallbladder contractility and prevents deleterious effects of cholecystitis on smooth muscle and the enteric nervous system through suppression of oxidative stress. In addition, melatonin improves colonic transit time in constipation-predominant IBS patients. Melatonin is also able to restore impaired contractility of the detrusor muscle from old animals through normalization of Ca(2+) dependent and independent contraction, mitochondrial polarity, neuromuscular function and oxidative stress, which would explain the effects of melatonin counteracting cystometric changes in senescent animals. It also reverses bladder damage following ischemia/reperfusion. In conclusion, melatonin may be a promising candidate for future research of agents that modulate smooth muscle motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Pozo
- Department of Physiology, Nursing School, Avda Universidad s/n, 10071 Cáceres, Spain.
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