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Klinkenberg EF, Huis in ’t Veld EMJ, de Wit PD, de Kort WLAM, Fransen MP. Barriers and motivators of Ghanaian and African-Surinamese migrants to donate blood. Health Soc Care Community 2019; 27:748-756. [PMID: 30478863 PMCID: PMC7379538 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
African migrants are underrepresented as blood donors in many Western countries, which can lead to shortages of specific blood types for transfusion. More insight in the reasons for this underrepresentation is required to improve blood donor recruitment and retention strategies. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore barriers and motivators for donating blood among migrants of African background. The research population consisted of first and second generation African-Surinamese (n = 20) and Ghanaian (n = 16) migrants living in the Netherlands. In semi-structured personal interviews performed in 2016 and 2017, their experiences and opinions regarding blood donation, barriers, and motivators to (not) become a blood donor and their suggestions to improve recruitment were explored. Data collection was continued until data saturation was achieved. The interviews revealed that although all participants knew about blood donation in general, only four had previously heard of the Dutch national blood bank organisation. Participants expected that if blood was needed, the blood bank would directly approach them, as in their country of origin. Other main blood donation barriers were fear (e.g., of needles, losing too much blood) and issues related to health and non-eligibility to donate. Main motivators were mainly of altruistic nature (e.g., saving a life) and an increased awareness of the need via personal recruitment appeals. It is concluded that expectations regarding donor recruitment-derived from the country of origin-and unawareness of the need for blood can act as important barriers in blood donation among African migrants. Contrary to studies in the United States and Australia, perceived discrimination and social exclusion did not seem to be a donation deterrent among migrants in the Netherlands. Creating awareness of the need of blood by actively approaching, and informing migrants about the donation procedure in the host country, should be considered by blood banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth F. Klinkenberg
- Donor StudiesSanquin ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Public HealthAmsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M. J. Huis in ’t Veld
- Donor StudiesSanquin ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Clinical PsychologyTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
| | - Puck D. de Wit
- Donor StudiesSanquin ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Public HealthAmsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wim L. A. M. de Kort
- Donor StudiesSanquin ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Public HealthAmsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam P. Fransen
- Department of Public HealthAmsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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van Sambeeck JHJ, de Wit PD, Luken J, Veldhuisen B, van den Hurk K, van Dongen A, Koopman MMW, van Kraaij MGJ, van der Schoot CE, Schonewille H, de Kort WLAM, Janssen MP. A Conceptual Framework for Optimizing Blood Matching Strategies: Balancing Patient Complications Against Total Costs Incurred. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:199. [PMID: 30090809 PMCID: PMC6069448 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alloimmunization is currently the most frequent adverse blood transfusion event. Whilst completely matched donor blood would nullify the alloimmunization risk, this is practically infeasible. Current matching strategies therefore aim at matching a limited number of blood groups only, and have evolved over time by systematically including matching strategies for those blood groups for which (serious) alloimmunization complications most frequently occurred. An optimal matching strategy for controlling the risk of alloimmunization however, would balance alloimmunization complications and costs within the entire blood supply chain, whilst fulfilling all practical requirements and limitations. In this article the outline of an integrated blood management model is described and various potential challenges and prospects foreseen with the development of such a model are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost H J van Sambeeck
- Department of Transfusion Technology Assessment, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Center for Healthcare Operations Improvement and Research, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Puck D de Wit
- Department of Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jessie Luken
- Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Barbera Veldhuisen
- Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Anne van Dongen
- Department of Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria M W Koopman
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanquin Blood Bank, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marian G J van Kraaij
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanquin Blood Bank, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Donor Affairs, Sanquin Blood Bank, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Transfusion Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C Ellen van der Schoot
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henk Schonewille
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wim L A M de Kort
- Department of Donor Studies, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Social Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mart P Janssen
- Department of Transfusion Technology Assessment, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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