[Characteristics of peripheral blood leukocyte differential counts in patients with COVID-19]

To investigate the early changes of peripheral blood leukocyte differential counts in patients with COVID-19. Ten patients with COVID-19 and 30 patients with other viral pneumonia (non-COVID-19) admitted to Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital and Jinshan Branch Hospital from January 22 to February 17, 2020 were enrolled in this study. The differential counts of white blood cells were analyzed. Patients in COVID-19 group showed relatively lower absolute white blood cell (WBC) count 4.95(3.90,6.03)×10(9)/L, lymphocyte absolute count 1.20(0.98,1.50)×10(9)/L and eosinophil absolute count 0.01(0.01,0.01)×10(9)/L. Leukopenia developed in two patients(2/10), lymphocytopenia also in two patients(2/10). Seven over ten patients presented with eosinophil cytopenia. In non-COVID-19 group, absolute WBC count was 8.20 (6.78,9.03) ×10(9)/L (P<0.001), lymphocyte absolute count 1.75(1.20,2.53)×10(9)/L(P=0.036), eosinophil absolute count 0.02(0.01,0.03)×10(9)/L(P=0.05). Lymphocytopenia occurred in (16.7%) patients, eosinophil cytopenia in 16.7% patients too. In conclusion, leukopenia, lymphocytopenia and eosinophil cytopenia are more common in COVID-19 patients than those in non- COVID-19 patients.

[Clinical analysis of 17 cases of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis combined with chronic rhinosinusitis]

Objective: To analyse the clinical characteristics of patients of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) combined with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and its diagnostic strategy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 228 patients with AAV treated in Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from August 2008 to June 2018 was performed. Among them, 17 (7.5%, 17/228) patients(10 males and 7 females, with the range of age from 17 to 67 years old) had CRS and their clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, treatment and prognosis were summarized and studied. Results: In addition to nasal obstruction and increased nasal secretion, 17 AAV patients with CRS were accompanied by cough, wheezing and other pulmonary symptoms (5/17), fever (7/17) and anemia (7/17). Laboratoy tests showed positive ANCA (14/17), increased C-reactive protein (9/17), haematuria (8/17) and proteinuria (6/17). Except for 2 patients who went to other hospital, most patients (14/15) were relieved by glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive therapy. Conclusions: AAV patients with CRS may be accompanied by systemic and pulmonary symptoms (cough, asthma, fever, anemia, etc) or some positive laboratory tests (elevated C-reactive protein, proteinuria and/or hematuria, etc.). To achieve the goal of early diagnosis of AAV, ANCA test and biopsy are recommended for those patients with AAV and CRS concurrently.