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Tanskanen T, Allen Waggoner R, Ueno K, Cheng K, Tanaka K. Columnar scale representation of faces in the human inferotemporal cortex. IBRO Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.07.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Li N, Cheng K, Allen Waggoner R, Tanaka K. Lateral orbitofrontal cortex is associated with human cognitive dynamics in the congruency sequence effect. IBRO Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.07.1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Sun P, Gardner JL, Costagli M, Ueno K, Waggoner RA, Tanaka K, Cheng K. Demonstration of tuning to stimulus orientation in the human visual cortex: a high-resolution fMRI study with a novel continuous and periodic stimulation paradigm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 23:1618-29. [PMID: 22661413 PMCID: PMC3673175 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhs149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cells in the animal early visual cortex are sensitive to contour orientations and form repeated structures known as orientation columns. At the behavioral level, there exist 2 well-known global biases in orientation perception (oblique effect and radial bias) in both animals and humans. However, their neural bases are still under debate. To unveil how these behavioral biases are achieved in the early visual cortex, we conducted high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments with a novel continuous and periodic stimulation paradigm. By inserting resting recovery periods between successive stimulation periods and introducing a pair of orthogonal stimulation conditions that differed by 90° continuously, we focused on analyzing a blood oxygenation level-dependent response modulated by the change in stimulus orientation and reliably extracted orientation preferences of single voxels. We found that there are more voxels preferring horizontal and vertical orientations, a physiological substrate underlying the oblique effect, and that these over-representations of horizontal and vertical orientations are prevalent in the cortical regions near the horizontal- and vertical-meridian representations, a phenomenon related to the radial bias. Behaviorally, we also confirmed that there exists perceptual superiority for horizontal and vertical orientations around horizontal and vertical meridians, respectively. Our results, thus, refined the neural mechanisms of these 2 global biases in orientation perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Sun
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Matsuda YT, Ueno K, Waggoner RA, Erickson D, Shimura Y, Tanaka K, Cheng K, Mazuka R. Processing of infant-directed speech by adults. Neuroimage 2010; 54:611-21. [PMID: 20691794 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Revised: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Adults typically address infants in a special speech mode called infant-directed speech (IDS). IDS is characterized by a special prosody (i.e., higher pitched, slower and hyperarticulated) and a special lexicon ("baby talk"). Here we investigated which areas of the adult brain are involved in processing IDS, which aspects of IDS (prosodic or lexical) are processed, to what extent the experience of being a parent affects the way adults process IDS, and the effects of gender and personality on IDS processing. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we found that mothers with preverbal infants showed enhanced activation in the auditory dorsal pathway of the language areas, regardless of whether they listened to the prosodic or lexical component of IDS. We also found that extroverted mothers showed higher cortical activation in speech-related motor areas than did mothers with lower extroverted personality scores. Increased cortical activation levels were not found for fathers, non-parents, or mothers with older children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshi-Taka Matsuda
- Laboratory for Language Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan.
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Costagli M, Waggoner RA, Ueno K, Tanaka K, Cheng K. Correction of 3D rigid body motion in fMRI time series by independent estimation of rotational and translational effects in k-space. Neuroimage 2009; 45:749-57. [PMID: 19280703 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), even subvoxel motion dramatically corrupts the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal, invalidating the assumption that intensity variation in time is primarily due to neuronal activity. Thus, correction of the subject's head movements is a fundamental step to be performed prior to data analysis. Most motion correction techniques register a series of volumes assuming that rigid body motion, characterized by rotational and translational parameters, occurs. Unlike the most widely used applications for fMRI data processing, which correct motion in the image domain by numerically estimating rotational and translational components simultaneously, the algorithm presented here operates in a three-dimensional k-space, to decouple and correct rotations and translations independently, offering new ways and more flexible procedures to estimate the parameters of interest. We developed an implementation of this method in MATLAB, and tested it on both simulated and experimental data. Its performance was quantified in terms of square differences and center of mass stability across time. Our data show that the algorithm proposed here successfully corrects for rigid-body motion, and its employment in future fMRI studies is feasible and promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Costagli
- Laboratory for Cognitive Brain Mapping, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan.
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Sun P, Ueno K, Waggoner RA, Gardner JL, Tanaka K, Cheng K. A temporal frequency–dependent functional architecture in human V1 revealed by high-resolution fMRI. Nat Neurosci 2007; 10:1404-6. [DOI: 10.1038/nn1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2007] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Matsuda Y, Ueno K, Waggoner RA, Erickson D, Shimura Y, Tanaka K, Cheng K, Mazuka R. Processing of infant-directed speech in parents: An fMRI study. Neurosci Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gardner JL, Sun P, Waggoner RA, Ueno K, Tanaka K, Cheng K. Contrast adaptation and representation in human early visual cortex. Neuron 2005; 47:607-20. [PMID: 16102542 PMCID: PMC1475737 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2005] [Revised: 06/07/2005] [Accepted: 07/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The human visual system can distinguish variations in image contrast over a much larger range than measurements of the static relationship between contrast and response in visual cortex would suggest. This discrepancy may be explained if adaptation serves to re-center contrast response functions around the ambient contrast, yet experiments on humans have yet to report such an effect. By using event-related fMRI and a data-driven analysis approach, we found that contrast response functions in V1, V2, and V3 shift to approximately center on the adapting contrast. Furthermore, we discovered that, unlike earlier areas, human V4 (hV4) responds positively to contrast changes, whether increments or decrements, suggesting that hV4 does not faithfully represent contrast, but instead responds to salient changes. These findings suggest that the visual system discounts slow uninformative changes in contrast with adaptation, yet remains exquisitely sensitive to changes that may signal important events in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin L Gardner
- Laboratory for Cognitive Brain Mapping, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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Moradi F, Liu LC, Cheng K, Waggoner RA, Tanaka K, Ioannides AA. Consistent and precise localization of brain activity in human primary visual cortex by MEG and fMRI. Neuroimage 2003; 18:595-609. [PMID: 12667837 DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(02)00053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The tomographic localization of activity within human primary visual cortex (striate cortex or V1) was examined using whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG) and 4-T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in four subjects. Circular checkerboard pattern stimuli with radii from 1.8 to 5.2 degrees were presented at eccentricity of 8 degrees and angular position of 45 degrees in the lower quadrant of the visual field to excite the dorsal part of V1 which is distant from the V1/V2 border and from the fundus of the calcarine sulcus. Both fMRI and MEG identified spatially well-overlapped activity within the targeted area in each subject. For MEG, in three subjects a very precise activation in V1 was identified at 42 ms for at least one of the two larger stimulus sizes (radii 4.5 and 5.2 degrees ). When this V1 activity was present, it marked the beginning of a weak wave of excitations in striate and extrastriate areas which ended at 50 ms (M50). The beginning of the next wave of activations (M70) was also marked by a brief V1 activation, mainly between 50 and 60 ms. The mean separation between V1 activation centers identified by fMRI and the earliest MEG activation was 3-5 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moradi
- Laboratory for Human Brain Dynamics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), Wako-Shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Abstract
We mapped ocular dominance columns (ODCs) in normal human subjects using high-field (4 T) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a segmented echo planar imaging technique and an in-plane resolution of 0.47 x 0.47 mm(2). The differential responses to left or right eye stimulation could be reliably resolved in anatomically well-defined sections of V1. The orientation and width ( approximately 1 mm) of mapped ODC stripes conformed to those previously revealed in postmortem brains stained with cytochrome oxidase. In addition, we showed that mapped ODC patterns could be largely reproduced in different experiments conducted within the same experimental session or over different sessions. Our results demonstrate that high-field fMRI can be used for studying the functions of human brains at columnar spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cheng
- Laboratory for Cognitive Brain Mapping, RIKEN Brain Science Institute and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, 2-1 Hirosawa, 351-0198, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
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Abstract
Rat lungs were imaged by 19F projection MRI of hexafluoroethane, mixed with 20% oxygen to form the inhaled gas. The 3D image had 700 microm resolution, and the data took 4.3 h to acquire. Free induction decays were collected in the presence of steady magnetic field gradients in 686 different directions. To take advantage of fast relaxation (T1 = 5.9 +/- 0.2 ms), the repetition time was 5 ms. To eliminate signal loss from magnetic field inhomogeneities, data were collected within 2 ms of spin excitation (from 80 micros to 2 ms after the 42-micros pi/2 pulses). The singular value decomposition of the transform from frequency to time domain was used to obtain projections despite the absence of data during and immediately after the RF pulses. Inert fluorinated gas imaging may be less expensive than polarized noble gas imaging and is appropriate for imaging steady-state rather than transient gas concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O Kuethe
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA
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Abstract
This work addresses the special problems of measuring flow velocity distributions in rock by NMR methods. Specifically, these problems are to measure very slow flows as well as flows in the presence of background magnetic field gradients caused by heterogeneities of the rock. We modify a stimulated echo sequence for use in diffusion measurements, in order to maximize velocity sensitivity and minimize background gradient effects. Accurate velocity images of Soltrol 220 oil in sandstone were made for flow velocities up to around 0.04 mm/s with an imager that does not have echo-planar capability. Accurate velocity distributions by the propagator method can be obtained even with stimulated echo delays of 1.9 T1 by phase cycling combined with suitable crusher gradients.
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