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Lukens J, Poirier K, Reardon B, Weinstein G, Newman J, Chalian A, Brody R, Rajasekaran K, Cannady S, Basu D, Rassekh C, Shanti R, Montone K, Sun L, Singh A, Cohen R, Lin A. A Phase II Study of Volume and Dose De-Intensification Following Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) and Neck Dissection for p16+ Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Abstract
Head and neck cancer is one of the most frequent human malignancies worldwide, with a high rate of recurrence and metastasis. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is cellularly and molecularly heterogeneous, with subsets of undifferentiated cancer cells exhibiting stem cell-like properties, called cancer stem cells (CSCs). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition, gene mutation, and epigenetic modification are associated with the formation of cellular plasticity of tumor cells in HNSCC, contributing to the acquisition of invasive, recurrent, and metastatic properties and therapeutic resistance. Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a supportive role in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of head and neck cancer. Stromal fibroblasts, vasculature, immune cells, cytokines, and hypoxia constitute the main components of TME in HNSCC, which contributes not only to the acquisition of CSC properties but also to the recurrence and therapeutic resistance of the malignancies. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms underlying the development of cellular plasticity, especially the emergence of CSCs, in HNSCC. We also highlight recent studies implicating the complex interplays among TME components, plastic CSCs, tumorigenesis, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance of HNSCC. Finally, we summarize the treatment modalities of HNSCC and reinforce the novel concept of therapeutic targeting CSCs in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Shang
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong, China.,4 School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - Q Zhang
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Y Huang
- 3 Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong, China.,4 School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - R Shanti
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,5 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Penn Medicine Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,6 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - F Alawi
- 7 Department of Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Le
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,5 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Penn Medicine Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Jiang
- 3 Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong, China.,4 School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Shandong, China
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Abstract
Primary orbital melanoma is rare and has varied initial presentation. A 28-year-old female presented with proptosis and decreased vision in the left eye. Computed tomography scan showed an orbital mass with contrast enhancement and calcification around the optic nerve leading to a diagnosis of meningioma. The patient chose to be on observation. Loss of vision with an increase in proptosis was seen at 6 months follow-up. On surgical exploration, a well-defined pigmented mass was seen encasing the optic nerve. Histopathological analysis revealed a malignant melanoma. Metastatic workup was negative. Left eye lid sparing exenteration was done. A high index of suspicion is necessary in a rapidly growing suspected optic nerve sheath meningioma and a differential diagnosis including orbital melanoma be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhdeep Bains
- Department of Orbit, Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Aravind Eye Hospitals and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Usha Kim
- Department of Orbit, Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Aravind Eye Hospitals and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Shanti
- Department of Pathology, Aravind Eye Hospitals and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Shanti R, Hadi AN, Salim YS, Chee SY, Ramesh S, Ramesh K. Degradation of ultra-high molecular weight poly(methyl methacrylate-co-butyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) under ultra violet irradiation. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25313j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new acrylic terpolymer, poly(methyl methacrylate-co-butyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) [P(MMA-co-BA-co-AA)] of ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) was synthesizedviaseeded emulsion polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Shanti
- Centre for Ionics University of Malaya
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
| | - A. N. Hadi
- Centre for Ionics University of Malaya
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
| | - Y. S. Salim
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - S. Y. Chee
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
- 31900 Kampar
- Malaysia
| | - S. Ramesh
- Centre for Ionics University of Malaya
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
| | - K. Ramesh
- Centre for Ionics University of Malaya
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
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Abstract
Secondary cutaneous dissemination from an orbital diffuse large B cell lymphoma has not been described before. The authors report an unusual case of anaplastic variant of diffuse large B cell lymphoma which primarily presented in the orbit and during the course of disease had subcutaneous dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhdeep Bains
- a Department of Obit , Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology , Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamilnadu , India and
| | - N Vidhya
- a Department of Obit , Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology , Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamilnadu , India and
| | - Usha Kim
- a Department of Obit , Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology , Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamilnadu , India and
| | - R Shanti
- a Department of Obit , Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology , Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamilnadu , India and
| | - J Devanand
- a Department of Obit , Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology , Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamilnadu , India and.,b Apollo Speciality Hospital , KK Nagar, Madurai, Tamilnadu , India
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ramesh
- Centre for Ionics University MalayaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Shanti
- Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ezra Morris
- Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Durairaj
- Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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