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Moseley RL, Atkinson C, Surman R, Greville-Harris M, May L, Vuillier L. Sex-specific mechanisms for eating disorder risk in men and women with autistic traits: the role of alexithymia. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:18. [PMID: 36765413 PMCID: PMC9912205 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A poorly understood relationship exists between eating disorders (ED) and autism spectrum conditions (ASC: henceforth 'autism'). ED are more prevalent in autistic people and people with high autistic traits, and autistic features are prognostic of longer illness. Aiming to understand what increases the risk of ED in relation to autism and autistic traits, previous research has implicated alexithymia as a causal mechanism in this relationship. These studies could not, however, disentangle whether alexithymia explains the relationship between ED pathology and autistic traits directly or through its impact on anxious/depressive symptoms, which in turn result in higher ED symptomatology. Moreover, despite evidence for sex differences in the aetiology of ED, little research has examined the impact of sex on these relationships. METHODS Focusing on the association between autistic traits and ED psychopathology, we examined independent mediating effects of alexithymia and anxious/depressive symptoms, as well as sequential mediation effects where alexithymia affects ED psychopathology via its impact on anxious/depressive symptoms. Participants were 198 men and 265 women with formally diagnosed and suspected ED, who completed an online survey of standardised scales. RESULTS In men, higher autistic traits were associated with ED psychopathology sequentially via greater alexithymia and through that, greater depressive/anxious symptoms. In women, alexithymia mediated the relationship between autistic traits and ED psychopathology both directly and sequentially through its impact on anxious/depressive symptoms. Interestingly, depressive/anxious symptoms also mediated that relationship independently from alexithymia. CONCLUSIONS While cross-sectional, these findings suggest that the relationship between autistic traits and ED symptomatology is mediated by other variables. In support of its proposed role in the aetiology of ED, alexithymia was directly associated with ED symptoms in women. It also affected ED symptoms indirectly, in all participants, via its effect on depressive/anxious symptoms. Interventions focusing on alexithymia may facilitate recovery not only via their effect on ED, but via their effect on other forms of state psychopathology which contribute to the maintenance and development of ED. Sex differences, however, reflect that alternative therapeutic targets for men and women may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Moseley
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK.
| | - C Atkinson
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - R Surman
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | | | - L May
- Dorset Healthcare University NHS Foundation Trust, Poole, UK
| | - L Vuillier
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
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Zhu Y, Barnes J, Lund KA, Sprouse TM, Vassh N, McLaughlin GC, Mumpower MR, Surman R. The Impact of Nuclear Physics Uncertainties on Interpreting Kilonova Light Curves. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226003004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, analysis of the optical counterpart AT2017gfo to the gravitational wave-detected neutron star merger GW170817 has suggested a promising resolution of a long-standing debate on neutron star mergers as a source of some of the heaviest elements. However, making quantitative progress in these areas requires an accounting of the uncertainties in different aspects of physics, which is input into simulations of merging compact objects and their associated phenomena, remarkably rapid neutron capture nucleosynthesis. We investigate the uncertainties from the nuclear inputs to rapid neutron capture nucleosynthesis calculations combining different theoretical nuclear mass models, spontaneous fission rates, and fission daughter product distributions on top of the experimental nuclear data. We report that such nuclear physics uncertainties typically generate at least one order of magnitude uncertainty in the nuclear heating, which leads to uncertainties in the bolometric luminosity and the inferred mass of r-process material from the kilonova light curve.
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Vuillier L, May L, Greville-Harris M, Surman R, Moseley RL. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with eating disorders: the role of emotion regulation and exploration of online treatment experiences. J Eat Disord 2021; 9:10. [PMID: 33436064 PMCID: PMC7802411 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-020-00362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Covid-19 pandemic has wrought disruption to everyday life and services, and emerging evidence suggests that those with eating disorders (EDs) are likely to experience marked distress and exacerbation of their symptoms. However, little is known around the most relevant factors to symptom change; whether certain emotion regulation and coping strategies are linked to better outcomes; and how people with EDs are adjusting to psychological interventions moving online. METHOD In a mixed-method design, we collected qualitative and quantitative data from 207 (76 males) self-selected UK residents with self-reported ED, who described and ranked impacts of the pandemic on their symptoms. Regression analysis examined whether emotion regulation strategies were associated with self-reported symptom change, ED symptomatology, and negative emotional states. Thematic analysis explored participants' experiences of the pandemic, particularly factors affecting their ED, coping strategies used, and experiences of psychological intervention. RESULTS Most participants (83.1%) reported worsening of ED symptomatology, though factors affecting symptom change differed between specific EDs. Emotion regulation, such as having fewer strategies, poorer emotional clarity, and non-acceptance of emotions, explained nearly half of the variance in emotional distress during the pandemic. Qualitative findings indicated that difficult emotions (such as fear and uncertainty), changes to routine, and unhelpful social messages were triggering for participants during the pandemic. While some participants described employing positive coping strategies (such as limiting social media exposure), many reported using ED behaviours (among other maladaptive strategies, like alcohol use) to cope with the pandemic. Finally, loss of treatment support, feeling underserving of support and experiencing a 'detached connection' online were further exacerbating factors for these participants. DISCUSSION While our sample was self-selected and may not represent all people with EDs, our results suggest that people with EDs have been strongly affected by the pandemic. Some aspects of online treatment were found to be beneficial but our findings suggest it also needs some improvement. Our paper discusses implications for online treatment such as taking into account personal circumstances and, in a time where people have limited control over the antecedents of negative emotion, the need to develop skills to manage emotions when they arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vuillier
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK.
| | - L May
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
- Dorset Healthcare University NHS Foundation Trust, Poole, UK
| | | | - R Surman
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - R L Moseley
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
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Abstract
The astrophysical process by which the heaviest elements are formed in the universe is known as the rapid neutron capture process, or r process, of nucleosynthesis. The r process is characterized by the neutron capture and β− decay of short-lived, neutron-rich atomic nuclei; in suitably extreme environments, nuclear fission can also play a major role in determining the ensuing nucleosynthesis. In this work, we present the application of our recently developed nucleosynthesis tracing framework to precisely quantify the impact that neutron-induced and β− -delayed fission processes have in r-process environments that produce fissioning nuclei.
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Abstract
The fast event-by-event fission code FREYA (Fission Reaction Event Yield Algorithm) generates large samples of complete fission events while employing only a few physics-based parameters. Not only is FREYA fast, it is also flexible, able to employ a variety of input formats to test the implications of various fission yield evaluations on neutron and photon observables. We describe how FREYA was applied to the neutron-rich nuclei needed for r-process nucleosynthesis calculations as an example of this flexibility. Finally, we discuss how we plan to make use of this flexibility to extend FREYA to calculations of cumulative fission product yields to aid evaluations of these yields in the future.
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Vilen M, Kelly JM, Kankainen A, Brodeur M, Aprahamian A, Canete L, Eronen T, Jokinen A, Kuta T, Moore ID, Mumpower MR, Nesterenko DA, Penttilä H, Pohjalainen I, Porter WS, Rinta-Antila S, Surman R, Voss A, Äystö J. Erratum: Precision Mass Measurements on Neutron-Rich Rare-Earth Isotopes at JYFLTRAP: Reduced Neutron Pairing and Implications for r-Process Calculations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 262701 (2018)]. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:129901. [PMID: 32281843 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.129901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.262701.
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Liddick SN, Spyrou A, Crider BP, Naqvi F, Larsen AC, Guttormsen M, Mumpower M, Surman R, Perdikakis G, Bleuel DL, Couture A, Crespo Campo L, Dombos AC, Lewis R, Mosby S, Nikas S, Prokop CJ, Renstrom T, Rubio B, Siem S, Quinn SJ. Publisher's Note: Experimental Neutron Capture Rate Constraint Far from Stability [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 242502 (2016)]. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:129902. [PMID: 30978071 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.129902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.242502.
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Vilen M, Kelly JM, Kankainen A, Brodeur M, Aprahamian A, Canete L, Eronen T, Jokinen A, Kuta T, Moore ID, Mumpower MR, Nesterenko DA, Penttilä H, Pohjalainen I, Porter WS, Rinta-Antila S, Surman R, Voss A, Äystö J. Precision Mass Measurements on Neutron-Rich Rare-Earth Isotopes at JYFLTRAP: Reduced Neutron Pairing and Implications for r-Process Calculations. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:262701. [PMID: 30004755 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.262701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The rare-earth peak in the r-process abundance pattern depends sensitively on both the astrophysical conditions and subtle changes in nuclear structure in the region. This work takes an important step towards elucidating the nuclear structure and reducing the uncertainties in r-process calculations via precise atomic mass measurements at the JYFLTRAP double Penning trap. ^{158}Nd, ^{160}Pm, ^{162}Sm, and ^{164-166}Gd have been measured for the first time, and the precisions for ^{156}Nd, ^{158}Pm, ^{162,163}Eu, ^{163}Gd, and ^{164}Tb have been improved considerably. Nuclear structure has been probed via two-neutron separation energies S_{2n} and neutron pairing energy metrics D_{n}. The data do not support the existence of a subshell closure at N=100. Neutron pairing has been found to be weaker than predicted by theoretical mass models. The impact on the calculated r-process abundances has been studied. Substantial changes resulting in a smoother abundance distribution and a better agreement with the solar r-process abundances are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vilen
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J M Kelly
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A Kankainen
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - M Brodeur
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A Aprahamian
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - L Canete
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - T Eronen
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - A Jokinen
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - T Kuta
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - I D Moore
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - M R Mumpower
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
- Theory Division, Los Alamos National Lab, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - D A Nesterenko
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - H Penttilä
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - I Pohjalainen
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - W S Porter
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - S Rinta-Antila
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - R Surman
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A Voss
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Äystö
- University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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Orford R, Vassh N, Clark JA, McLaughlin GC, Mumpower MR, Savard G, Surman R, Aprahamian A, Buchinger F, Burkey MT, Gorelov DA, Hirsh TY, Klimes JW, Morgan GE, Nystrom A, Sharma KS. Precision Mass Measurements of Neutron-Rich Neodymium and Samarium Isotopes and Their Role in Understanding Rare-Earth Peak Formation. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:262702. [PMID: 30004776 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.262702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Canadian Penning Trap mass spectrometer at the Californium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) facility was used to measure the masses of eight neutron-rich isotopes of Nd and Sm. These measurements are the first to push into the region of nuclear masses relevant to the formation of the rare-earth abundance peak at A∼165 by the rapid neutron-capture process. We compare our results with theoretical predictions obtained from "reverse engineering" the mass surface that best reproduces the observed solar abundances in this region through a Markov chain Monte Carlo technique. Our measured masses are consistent with the reverse-engineering predictions for a neutron star merger wind scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Orford
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - N Vassh
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J A Clark
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - G C McLaughlin
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - M R Mumpower
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - G Savard
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - R Surman
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A Aprahamian
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - F Buchinger
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - M T Burkey
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - D A Gorelov
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - T Y Hirsh
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
- Soreq NRC, Yavne 81800, Israel
| | - J W Klimes
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G E Morgan
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - A Nystrom
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K S Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Liddick SN, Spyrou A, Crider BP, Naqvi F, Larsen AC, Guttormsen M, Mumpower M, Surman R, Perdikakis G, Bleuel DL, Couture A, Crespo Campo L, Dombos AC, Lewis R, Mosby S, Nikas S, Prokop CJ, Renstrom T, Rubio B, Siem S, Quinn SJ. Experimental Neutron Capture Rate Constraint Far from Stability. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:242502. [PMID: 27367386 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.242502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear reactions where an exotic nucleus captures a neutron are critical for a wide variety of applications, from energy production and national security, to astrophysical processes, and nucleosynthesis. Neutron capture rates are well constrained near stable isotopes where experimental data are available; however, moving far from the valley of stability, uncertainties grow by orders of magnitude. This is due to the complete lack of experimental constraints, as the direct measurement of a neutron-capture reaction on a short-lived nucleus is extremely challenging. Here, we report on the first experimental extraction of a neutron capture reaction rate on ^{69}Ni, a nucleus that is five neutrons away from the last stable isotope of Ni. The implications of this measurement on nucleosynthesis around mass 70 are discussed, and the impact of similar future measurements on the understanding of the origin of the heavy elements in the cosmos is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Liddick
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Spyrou
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B P Crider
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - F Naqvi
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Mumpower
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - R Surman
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - G Perdikakis
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA
| | - D L Bleuel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - A Couture
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Crespo Campo
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A C Dombos
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - R Lewis
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Mosby
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Nikas
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA
| | - C J Prokop
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Renstrom
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - B Rubio
- IFIC, CSIC-Universidad de Valencia, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - S Siem
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S J Quinn
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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Mumpower M, Surman R, Aprahamian A. The impact of global nuclear mass model uncertainties onr-process abundance predictions. EPJ Web of Conferences 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20159303003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Surman R, Mumpower M, Cass J, Bentley I, Aprahamian A, McLaughlin G. Sensitivity studies forr-process nucleosynthesis in three astrophysical scenarios. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146607024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Madurga M, Surman R, Borzov IN, Grzywacz R, Rykaczewski KP, Gross CJ, Miller D, Stracener DW, Batchelder JC, Brewer NT, Cartegni L, Hamilton JH, Hwang JK, Liu SH, Ilyushkin SV, Jost C, Karny M, Korgul A, Królas W, Kuźniak A, Mazzocchi C, Mendez AJ, Miernik K, Padgett SW, Paulauskas SV, Ramayya AV, Winger JA, Wolińska-Cichocka M, Zganjar EF. New half-lives of r-process Zn and Ga isotopes measured with electromagnetic separation. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:112501. [PMID: 23005622 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The β decays of neutron-rich nuclei near the doubly magic (78)Ni were studied at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility using an electromagnetic isobar separator. The half-lives of (82)Zn (228±10 ms), (83)Zn (117±20 ms), and (85)Ga (93±7 ms) were determined for the first time. These half-lives were found to be very different from the predictions of the global model used in astrophysical simulations. A new calculation was developed using the density functional model, which properly reproduced the new experimental values. The robustness of the new model in the (78)Ni region allowed us to extrapolate data for more neutron-rich isotopes. The revised analysis of the rapid neutron capture process in low entropy environments with our new set of measured and calculated half-lives shows a significant redistribution of predicted isobaric abundances strengthening the yield of A>140 nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Madurga
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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