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Vagnini M, Anselmi C, Vivani R, Sgamellotti A. Non-invasive detection of lead carboxylates in oil paintings by in situ infrared spectroscopy: How far can we go? Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 301:122962. [PMID: 37302196 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates the efficacy of portable mid-infrared spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for revealing the presence of lead carboxylates on artworks, in situ, without sampling. Samples of cerussite and hydrocerussite - the main components of lead white - were separately mixed with linseed oil, and artificially aged in two steps. Their compositional changes have been monitored over time by infrared spectroscopy in two investigation modes: absorption (benchtop instrument) and reflection (portable instrument), and by XRD spectroscopy. Each component of lead white showed different behavior depending on aging conditions, giving important information about the degradation products which are found in real cases. The accordance of results obtained in both modalities demonstrates that portable FT-MIR is a reliable technique for individuating and identifying lead carboxylates directly on paintings. Examples of the efficacy of this application are provided, by studying paintings from the 17th and 18th centuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vagnini
- SMAArt, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - C Anselmi
- Istituto CNR di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (CNR-IRET), via G. Marconi 2, 05010 Porano (TR), Italy
| | - R Vivani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Fabretti 48, 06125 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Sgamellotti
- SMAArt, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (CNR-SCITEC), c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, via della Lungara 10, 00165 Rome, Italy
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Stenger Moura F, Perioli L, Pagano C, Vivani R, Ambrogi V, Bresolin T, Ricci M, Schoubben A. Chitosan composite microparticles: A promising gastroadhesive system for taxifolin. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 218:343-354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Anselmi C, Vagnini M, Cartechini L, Grazia C, Vivani R, Romani A, Rosi F, Sgamellotti A, Miliani C. Molecular and structural characterization of some violet phosphate pigments for their non-invasive identification in modern paintings. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2017; 173:439-444. [PMID: 27705849 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Anselmi
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Vagnini
- Associazione Laboratorio di Diagnostica per i Beni Culturali, Piazza Campello 2, 06049 Spoleto, (Perugia), Italy
| | - L Cartechini
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - C Grazia
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - R Vivani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Fabretti, 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Romani
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; Centro di Eccellenza SMAArt, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, Perugia, Italy
| | - F Rosi
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Sgamellotti
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; Centro di Eccellenza SMAArt, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, Perugia, Italy
| | - C Miliani
- Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (CNR-ISTM), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; Centro di Eccellenza SMAArt, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, Perugia, Italy
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Alberti G, Costantino U, Vivani R, Zappelli P. Preparation Of Zirconium Diphosphonate-Phosphites With A Narrow Distribution Of Mesopores. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-233-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe presence of H3PO3 in the synthesis of zirconium diphosphonates in dimethylsulfoxide, other than the expected dilution of the pillars, which in turn gives rise to a certain degree of microporosity, may also induce the formation of a high percentag. of mesopores. E.g., compounds with high surface area(300–500 m2 /g) of which 60–70% is due to mesopores with diameters 20–40 Å and the remaining is due to micropores, were obtained. It was furthermore found that the distribution of the mesopores was fairly narrow. Compounds with micropores <3 Å and mesopores of 20–30 Å behave in practice as pure and narrow mesoporous solids;they are therefore of great interest as new molecular inorgano-organic sieves.
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Abstract
ABSTRACTThe H2O3PCH(C6H4)2CH2PO3H2 and H2O3PO(C6H4)2OPO3H2 acids were synthesizedT and used to obtain new pillared zirconium phosphonates and organic phosphates in which the pillars are tilted with respect to the layers. The Zr(O3PCH2(C6H4)2CH2PO3) and Zr(O3PO(C6H4)2OPO3) obtained have a good thermal resistance and the distance between the inorganic α-layers joined by the organic pillars is 14.7 and 13.8 Å, respectively. Structural models suggest that the biphenyl groups in the solids are tilted at 140° and 137° with respect to the perpendicular at the layer plane. Solid solutions of the two derivatives over the whole range of composition have also been obtained; the distance between the α-layers changes from 14.7 to 13.8 Å in a continuous way as the diphosphate groups replace the diphosphonate ones, allowing us to suppose a variation of the tilting angles. Attempts to remove the phosphoester in the mixed derivatives by hydrolytic attack, and to replace some pillars with phosphite groups are described.
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Costantino U, Marmottini F, Vivani R. Ion exchange properties of zirconium phosphate phosphite with alkaline earth metal ions. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299008918026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Costantino
- a Dipartimento di Chimica , Universita di Perugia , Via Elcedi Sotto, Perugia , 8, 06100 , Italy
| | - F. Marmottini
- a Dipartimento di Chimica , Universita di Perugia , Via Elcedi Sotto, Perugia , 8, 06100 , Italy
| | - R. Vivani
- a Dipartimento di Chimica , Universita di Perugia , Via Elcedi Sotto, Perugia , 8, 06100 , Italy
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Alberti G, Boccali L, Dionigi C, Vivani R, Kalchenko VI, Atamas LI. Preparation and first characterization of a layered γ-zirconium phosphate derivative containing benzo 15-crown-5 groups covalently attached to inorganic layers. Supramol Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10610279608035187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Alberti
- a Department of Chemistry , Perugia University , via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - L. Boccali
- a Department of Chemistry , Perugia University , via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Dionigi
- a Department of Chemistry , Perugia University , via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - R. Vivani
- a Department of Chemistry , Perugia University , via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - V. I. Kalchenko
- b Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences , Murmanaskaya 5, 253660, Kiev-94, Ukraina
| | - L. I. Atamas
- b Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences , Murmanaskaya 5, 253660, Kiev-94, Ukraina
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Alberti G, Boccali L, Dionigi C, Vivani R, Kalchenko VI. Preparation and First Characterisation of a Pillared γ-Zirconium Phosphate Derivative Containing Dibenzo 18-Crown-6 Groups Covalently Bound to Inorganic Layers. Supramol Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10610279808034973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Alberti
- a Department of Chemistry , Perugia University , via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - L. Boccali
- a Department of Chemistry , Perugia University , via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Dionigi
- a Department of Chemistry , Perugia University , via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - R. Vivani
- a Department of Chemistry , Perugia University , via Elce di Sotto, 8-06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - V. I. Kalchenko
- b Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences , Murmanaskaya 5, 253660, Kiev-94, Ukraina
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Vivani R, Costantino F, Costantino U, Nocchetti M. New inorganic-organic solids based on zirconium aminopolyphosphonates. Acta Crystallogr A 2006. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767306094608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Caneschi A, Gatteschi D, Sangregorio C, Vaz M, Costantino U, Nocchetti M, Vivani R. Intercalation of a nitronyl nitroxide radical into layered inorganic hosts. Inorganica Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(02)01026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Alberti G, Casciola M, Vivani R, Biswas RK. Preparation and characterization of zirconium phosphate phosphonates, ZrPO4(H2PO4)1-x(RPO2OH)x.nH2O, with .gamma.-layer structure (R = CH3, C3H7, C6H11). Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00073a022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Alberti G, Brunet E, Dionigi C, Juanes O, Rodríguez-Ubis JC, Vivani R. Shaping Solid-State Supramolecular Cavities: Chemically Induced Accordionlike Movement of gamma-Zirconium Phosphate Containing Polyethylenoxide Pillars. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999; 38:3351-3353. [PMID: 10602191 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19991115)38:22<3351::aid-anie3351>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The hydrophilic oxygen atoms of polyethylenoxide chains inserted as pillars in gamma-zirconium phosphate form hydrogen bonds with the acid groups of the host. As a result the pillars are almost perpendicular to the gamma layers. Upon changing the pH level of the supernatant solution the hydrogen bonds are broken and the pillars become almost perpendicular to the layers (shown schematically). Thus there is a reversible enlargement-shortening of the interlayer space.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Alberti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia (Italy)
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Alberti G, Vivani R, Murcia Mascarós S. First structural determination of layered and pillared organic derivatives of γ-zirconium phosphate by X-ray powder diffraction data. J Mol Struct 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(98)00472-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Alberti G, Giontella E, Murcia-Mascarós S, Vivani R. Mechanism of the Topotactic Formation of gamma-Zirconium Phosphate Covalently Pillared with Diphosphonate Groups. Inorg Chem 1998; 37:4672-4676. [PMID: 11670620 DOI: 10.1021/ic980400b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The topotactic reaction of gamma-ZrPO(4)[O(2)P(OH)(2)].2H(2)O (gamma-ZrP) with benzenediphosphonic acid was examined in water and in acetone-water mixtures. This reaction was found to take place in water only on the external surface of the microcrystals, and pillared compounds were never obtained, even after very long reaction times. On the contrary, covalently pillared compounds were quickly obtained in acetone-water mixtures. The mechanism of the latter topotactic reaction was investigated by determining the rate of the phosphate groups released and the rate of the benzenediphosphonates taken up by gamma-ZrP over a long time (50 days). These data showed that pillared derivatives of gamma-ZrP can be obtained because colloidal dispersions of exfoliated lamellae are formed in acetone-water mixtures. The diphosphonate group acts initially as a monovalent species, replacing only one dihydrogen phosphate group on the surface of the exfoliated gamma-lamellae. The colloidal and partially derivatized lamellae thus formed can interact with each other by forming polylamellar pillared systems. When the number of pillared lamellae exceeds a given value (usually 5-6), flocculation of the colloidal gamma-ZrP takes place. Topotactic reactions between packets of pillared lamellae may also continue in the flocculated system. Therefore, the average number of the pillared lamellae slowly increases over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Alberti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Alberti
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - S. Murcia-Mascarós
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - R. Vivani
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Alberti G, Costantino U, Dionigi C, Murcia-Mascarós S, Vivani R. Layered and pillared zirconium phosphate-phosphonates and their inclusion chemistry. Supramol Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/10610279508032517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Alberti G, Costantino U, Vivani R, Biswas R. Preparation and some preliminary investigations of ion exchange and intercalation properties of γ-zirconium phosphate phosphite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0923-1137(92)90271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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