1
|
Chauhan R, Singh N, Reddy A, Singh A. The role of dexmedetomidine in post cranioplasty refractory status epilepticus. Anaesth Rep 2023; 11:e12246. [PMID: 37736063 PMCID: PMC10511152 DOI: 10.1002/anr3.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cranioplasty, specifically a repair of the skull defect resulting from a previous decompressive craniectomy, is a relatively simple procedure associated with a minimal rate of complications. Even though seizures are seen in up to 30% of the patients postoperatively, status epilepticus is not commonly described. Cerebral oedema, ischaemia and neuro-inflammation have been reported as putative causes of seizures in this population. Here, we report a case of refractory status epilepticus unresponsive to standard anti-epileptic and anaesthetic agents. The use of dexmedetomidine helped terminate the episode and led to a favourable outcome. Most of the standard anti-epileptic and anaesthetic agents act through potentiation of GABAergic transmission or sodium channel blockade and postsynaptic adrenoceptor activation by dexmedetomidine may help potentiate their effect. Further studies are needed to investigate its anticonvulsant effect on post-traumatic brain injury and elaborate on optimal dosage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Chauhan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive CarePostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia
| | - N. Singh
- Department of AnaesthesiologySanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchLucknowIndia
| | - A. Reddy
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive CarePostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia
| | - A. Singh
- Department of NeurosurgeryPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vashi V, Makwana R, Quintana B, Mehta M, Singh R, Soni B, Chauhan R, Mukherjee S, Abhangi M, Vala S, Singh N, Patel G, Suryanarayana S, Nayak B, Sharma S, Nag T, Kavun Y. Systematic study of (p, n) and (p, 2n) reactions on 110Cd. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
|
3
|
Rani M, Chauhan R, Sharma S, Singh A, Badwik H, Mishra A, Dwivedi J, Sharma S. Synthesis, Cannabinoid Receptor Targeted Molecular Docking of Some New Pyrazole Derivatives as Hypolipidemic and Anti- Obesity Agents. Indian J Pharm Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
|
4
|
Verma S, Waikar S, Sharma V, Bhatkoti B, Chauhan R. Ocular trauma in counter insurgency and proxy war environment: Epidemiological study, 1992-2004. Med J Armed Forces India 2021; 77:390-396. [PMID: 34594065 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To analyze the epidemiology of hospitalized ocular injuries occurring in counter insurgency and proxy war environment in a forward area of northern India over a period of 13 years. Methods Retrospective observational study of medical records was performed of 458 patients with ocular injuries primarily treated at zonal referral hospital of Indian Army between January 1992 and December 2004. Results A total of 559 eyes with ocular injuries were studied. The average age of the victims was 30 years. In 77% cases, injuries were sustained by army personnel and remaining by paramilitary forces. Of all cases, 86.5% cases were due to combat-related (militant action), of which 93.9% cases were caused by splinters from munitions. Among the eyes injured due to militant action, 60.36% were open globe injuries, 31.19% were closed globe injuries and 8.45% were isolated adnexal injuries. Among the eyes injured, 76.33% of the eyes with open globe injuries owing to militant action had perforating injuries, whereas in closed globe injuries, 47.74% eyes had corneal foreign body. Among eyes with open globe injuries, Corneo-scleral, scleral and corneal lacerations were seen in 45%, 28% and 27% eyes respectively. 15.75% of eyes with ocular injuries underwent eviscerations. Conclusion The study reveals that splinter eye injuries from munitions were the most common cause of ocular morbidity in counter insurgency and proxy war. Implementation of use of protective glasses by the personnel deployed in such hostile environment and strict compliance of preventive measures would be effective in saving eyes and also medical and economic resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudheer Verma
- Classified Specialist (Ophthalmology), Command Hospital (Central Command), Lucknow, India
| | - S Waikar
- Senior Advisor (Ophthalmology), INHS Asvini, Colaba, Mumbai, India
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Classified Specialist (Ophthalmology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, India
| | - B Bhatkoti
- Classified Specialist (Ophthalmology), Command Hospital (Central Command), Lucknow, India
| | - R Chauhan
- Graded Specialist (Ophthalmology), Command Hospital (Central Command), Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chauhan R, Azmi W, Bansal S, Goel G. Multivariate analysis of adaptive response to ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid after physiological stresses in Cronobacter sakazakii. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:3069-3080. [PMID: 34048109 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid against unstressed and stressed (cold stressed, starved and desiccated) Cronobacter sakazakii in laboratory media (37°C) and reconstituted powdered infant formulation (PIF) with mild heat treatment (50°C). METHODS AND RESULTS Five phenolics, namely, quercetin, rutin, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, were tested for antimicrobial activities against five strains of C. sakazakii either unstressed or stressed. Strain specific higher resistance to ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid was observed after stress adaptation in laboratory media. The effect of cross protection was validated using reconstituted PIF as delivery vehicle of selected compounds. Both p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid showed inhibition of C. sakazakii in a dose and time dependent manner as revealed by their viable cell counts. Principal component analysis revealed that the desiccated cells were more sensitive to phenolics in reconstituted PIF. CONCLUSIONS Only ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid showed marked antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration in the range of 2·5-5 mg ml-1 for unstressed C. sakazakii cells in tryptone soy broth. The maximum inhibition was achieved with 20 mg ml-1 of both the tested polyphenols in reconstituted PIF. Cold stress and starvation stress did not impart any protection nor increased the susceptibility of C. sakazakii, whereas desiccation resulted in increased susceptibility to phenolic compounds. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The results obtained in this study helps in understanding the effect of environmental stresses during processing on susceptibility of C. sakazakii to natural antimicrobial agents. Future transcriptomic studies and functional genetic studies are warranted to understand the strain specific stress responses for the development of better control methods possibly by using these natural antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
| | - W Azmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
| | - S Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, India
| | - G Goel
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, India.,Department of Microbiology, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Grey W, Chauhan R, Piganeau M, Huerga Encabo H, Garcia-Albornoz M, McDonald NQ, Bonnet D. Activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase RET improves long-term hematopoietic stem cell outgrowth and potency. Blood 2020; 136:2535-2547. [PMID: 32589703 PMCID: PMC7714096 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020006302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is a rapidly advancing field showing great promise for clinical applications. Recent evidence has implicated the nervous system and glial family ligands (GFLs) as potential drivers of hematopoietic survival and self-renewal in the bone marrow niche; how to apply this process to HSC maintenance and expansion has yet to be explored. We show a role for the GFL receptor, RET, at the cell surface of HSCs in mediating sustained cellular growth, resistance to stress, and improved cell survival throughout in vitro expansion. HSCs treated with the key RET ligand/coreceptor complex, glial-derived neurotrophic factor and its coreceptor, exhibit improved progenitor function at primary transplantation and improved long-term HSC function at secondary transplantation. Finally, we show that RET drives a multifaceted intracellular signaling pathway, including key signaling intermediates protein kinase B, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, NF-κB, and p53, responsible for a wide range of cellular and genetic responses that improve cell growth and survival under culture conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Grey
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory and
| | - R Chauhan
- Signalling and Structural Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; and
| | | | | | | | - N Q McDonald
- Signalling and Structural Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; and
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Bonnet
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory and
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sharma P, Dayma V, Dwivedi A, Baroliya PK, Tripathi I, Vanangamudi M, Chauhan R, Goswami A. Synthesis of sulpha drug based hydroxytriazene derivatives: Anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activity and their molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
8
|
Shetty N, Makwana R, Mehta M, Mukherjee S, Singh NL, Suryanarayana SV, Parashari S, Singh R, Naik H, Sharma SC, Ayyala S, Soni B, Chauhan R. Measurement of neutron induced 86Sr(n, 2n) 85Sr reaction cross sections at different neutron energies. Appl Radiat Isot 2019; 154:108866. [PMID: 31445493 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.108866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The cross-sections for 86Sr (n, 2n)85Sr reaction are measured at neutron energies 19.44 ± 1.02 MeV and 16.81 ± 0.85 MeV wherein there is scarcity of data. The standard neutron activation analysis technique and offline gamma ray spectroscopy have been employed for measurement and analysis of the data. The results are compared with experimental data available in EXFOR database, JEFF-3.3, JENDL-4.0, TENDL-2017 and ENDF/B-VIII.0 evaluated data. The theoretical prediction was incorporated using nuclear modular codes TALYS 1.8 and EMPIRE 3.2.2. A detailed comparative study of experimental results with the theoretical models and various major evaluations has been presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Shetty
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, 390002, India.
| | - Rajnikant Makwana
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, 390002, India.
| | - Mayur Mehta
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, 390002, India; Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, 382428, India
| | - S Mukherjee
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, 390002, India
| | - N L Singh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, 390002, India
| | - S V Suryanarayana
- Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - S Parashari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, 390002, India
| | - R Singh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, 390002, India
| | - H Naik
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - S C Sharma
- Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - S Ayyala
- G.B. Pant University of Agri. & Tech, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - B Soni
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, 390002, India
| | - R Chauhan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, 390002, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shum G, Cinnamond S, Hutton M, Chan D, Chauhan R, Bloxham S, Choy S, Cheung R, Eldabe S, Clarke A. Decreased tibial nerve movement in patients with failed back surgery syndrome and persistent leg pain. Eur Spine J 2019; 28:2122-2128. [DOI: 10.1007/s00586-019-06056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
|
10
|
Chauhan R, Mhatre V, Talapatra K, Chadha P, Shree P, Balasubramanium A, Kumar A. EP-1830 Dosimetric comparison of planning techniques in Radiosurgery for Arteriovenous Malformation. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
11
|
Chauhan R, Jain D, Dorwal P, Roy G, Raina V, Nandi S. The incidence of immunofluorescence patterns and specific autoantibodies observed in autoimmune patients in a tertiary care centre. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 51:165-173. [DOI: 10.23822/eurannaci.1764-1489.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Chauhan
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - D. Jain
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - P. Dorwal
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - G. Roy
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - V. Raina
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - S.P. Nandi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Talapatra K, Medichelme C, Chauhan R, Chadha P, Mhatre V, Muthu V. EP-2001 Efficacy of CBCT guided IMRT for Head and Neck cancers and its dosimetric impact on other structures. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32421-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
13
|
Ghosh M, Shubham S, Mandal K, Trivedi V, Chauhan R, Naseera S. Survival and prognostic factors for glioblastoma multiforme: Retrospective single-institutional study. Indian J Cancer 2018; 54:362-367. [PMID: 29199724 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_157_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. The standard management has been maximum surgical resection followed by adjuvant radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Although the survival rate of patients with GBM has improved with recent advancements in treatment, the prognosis remains generally poor. The median survival rates are in the range of 9-12 months and 2-year survival rates are in the range of 8%-12%. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-institution retrospective review of 61 patients of GBM from 2012 to 2014. Data regarding patient factors, disease factors, and treatment factors were collected and survival has been calculated. RESULTS A total of 61 patients with GBM were analyzed. GBM is commonly seen in sixth decade of life. Male to female ratio is 2.6:1. The right side of the brain is commonly involved with right frontal lobe being the most common site. The median follow-up was 4.6 months. The median survival of our patients was 8 months. The 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 20% and 3.27%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The overall survival and prognosis in patients with GBM remains poor despite of constant research and studies. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide should be used after maximal resection to improve the survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ghosh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S Shubham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - K Mandal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - V Trivedi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - R Chauhan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S Naseera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tomlinson O, Trott J, Bowhay B, Shelley J, Enderby B, Chauhan R, Sheldon C. P155 Feasibility of using online video calling to engage patients in the management of cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Shakoor Z, Tang S, Case C, Sinclair M, Muscat E, Bailey C, Sharma A, Betembeau N, Reddy M, Khoo L, Wilkinson L, Banerjee D, Chauhan R, Shrestha A. Patient satisfaction and re-audit of the vacuum excision (VACE) pathway for the management of breast lesions of uncertain malignant potential (B3). Eur J Surg Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.02.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
|
16
|
Dogra A, Chauhan R, Sharma S, Partap A, Diwan Y, Chawla K, Negi K, Rana S, Diwan D. Variations of renal arteries on 64 slice Multidetector Computed Tomography. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
17
|
Chauhan R, Panda N, Bhagat H, Kaloria N, Soni S. Comparison of intravenous (propofol) and inhalational (sevoflurane) anaesthetic agent on cerebral oxygenation assessed by SjVO2 in patient undergoing surgery for traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. Chauhan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Division of Neuroanaesthesia, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Panda
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Division of Neuroanaesthesia, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - H. Bhagat
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Division of Neuroanaesthesia, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Kaloria
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Division of Neuroanaesthesia, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - S. Soni
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Division of Neuroanaesthesia, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Soni S, Grover V, Bhagat H, Panda N, Jangra K, Luthra A, Kaloria N, Chauhan R, Gupta S, Dutta P. Cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation during brain tumour resection: A comparative study between normal saline versus plasma-lyte A. Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Soni
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - V. Grover
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - H. Bhagat
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Panda
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - K. Jangra
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - A. Luthra
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N. Kaloria
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - R. Chauhan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - S. Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - P. Dutta
- Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aggarwal G, Tiwari AK, Dorwal P, Chauhan R, Arora D, Dara RC, Kher V. Successful Renal Transplantation Across HLA Barrier: Report from India. Indian J Nephrol 2017; 27:210-214. [PMID: 28553042 PMCID: PMC5434688 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.200518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ donors are sometimes found “unsuitable” due to the presence of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies in the recipient. In recent years, improved desensitization protocols have successfully helped to overcome HLA incompatibility hurdle. We present three cases where optimum desensitization was achieved in patients with the donor-specific anti-HLA antibody (DSA) leading to successful renal transplantation. All patient–donor pair underwent HLA typing, complement dependent cytotoxicity crossmatch (CDC-XM), flow cytometry XM (FC-XM), and panel reactive antibody. If any of the three tests was positive, single antigen bead assay was performed to determine the specificity of the anti-HLA antibody (s). Patients with DSA were offered organ-swap or anti-HLA antibody desensitization followed by transplantation. Desensitization protocol consisted of single dose rituximab and cascade plasmapheresis (CP) along with standard triple immunosuppression. The target DSA mean fluorescence index (MFI) was <500, along with negative CDC-XM and FC-XM for both T- and B-cells. Three patients with anti-HLA DSA, who did not find a suitable match in organ swap program, consented to anti-HLA antibody desensitization, followed by transplantation. Mean pre-desensitization antibody MFI was 1740 (1422–2280). Mean number of CP required to achieve the target MFI was 2.3 (2–3). All the three patients are on regular follow-up and have normal renal function test at a mean follow-up of 8 months. This report underlines successful application of desensitization protocol leading to successful HLA-antibody incompatible renal transplants and their continued normal renal functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Aggarwal
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - A K Tiwari
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - P Dorwal
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - R Chauhan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - D Arora
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - R C Dara
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - V Kher
- Kidney and Urology Institute, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bisht A, Sati M, Chauhan R, Nautiyal B, Ramírez-Sánchez. Effect of different organic manures on the seed germination and growth performance of Hedychium spicatum Buch-Ham ex-Smith. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5958/0975-6892.2017.00007.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
21
|
Pal BC, Modi PR, Rizvi SJ, Chauhan R, Kumar S, Nagarajan R, Kaushal D, Kute VB, Trivedi HL. The Learning Curve of Pure Retroperitoneoscopic Donor Nephrectomy. Int J Organ Transplant Med 2017; 8:180-185. [PMID: 29321833 PMCID: PMC5756899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy (RDN) is a well-established modality for the procurement of kidneys for renal transplantation. However the learning curve of pure RDN is not yet defined. Defining the learning curve will help in proper mentorship of the new donor surgeons besides providing safety to the donors. OBJECTIVE To define the learning curve of pure RDN. METHODS We analyzed the prospectively collected data of 102 voluntary kidney donors who underwent RDN by a single surgeon between August 2012 and April 2015 at our center. The donors were classified into group A (1-34), group B (35-68), and group C (69-102) according to the chronological order of their surgery. Left RDN was performed in 28 (82%), 25 (74%), and 28 (82%) donors of group A, B, and C, respectively. Right RDN was performed in 6 (18%), 9 (26%), and 6 (18%) donors of group A, B, and C, respectively. The clinical data were analyzed for each group. RESULTS Statistically significant difference was observed for the mean operative time (p<0.01) and warm ischemia time (p<0.04). The operative time remained around 200 minutes after the initial 35 cases. CONCLUSION The learning curve of pure RDN was 35 cases, although the mastery requires more number of cases to be performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B. C. Pal
- Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad – 380016, Gujarat, India,Correspondence: Bipin Chandra Pal, MS, M Ch, DNB, Professor of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre - Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India, 380016, Tel: +91-989-830-5890, E-mail:
| | - P. R. Modi
- Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad – 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - S. J. Rizvi
- Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad – 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - R. Chauhan
- Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad – 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - S. Kumar
- Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad – 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - R. Nagarajan
- Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad – 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - D. Kaushal
- Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad – 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - V. B. Kute
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad - 380016. Gujarat, India
| | - H. L. Trivedi
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Ahmedabad - 380016. Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chawla K, Gupta T, Tubbs R, Aggarwal A, Sahni D, Chauhan R. A study of abdominal wall perforators from deep inferior epigastric artery. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
23
|
|
24
|
Purty A, Singh Z, Natesan M, Chauhan R, Ramachandran D. Role of medical colleges in TB control under RNTCP - Five years experience in Puducherry, S. India (2010 -2014). Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
25
|
Dorwal P, Phanish M, Duggal R, Chauhan R, Raina V, Kher V. Chronic active antibody mediated rejection associated with human leukocyte antigen-C*07 antibodies. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:63-5. [PMID: 26937087 PMCID: PMC4753750 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.167282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Dorwal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - M Phanish
- Department of Nephrology, Medanta Kidney and Urology Institute, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - R Duggal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - R Chauhan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - V Raina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - V Kher
- Department of Nephrology, Medanta Kidney and Urology Institute, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Das B, Lakshmegowda M, Sharma M, Mitra S, Chauhan R. Supraclavicular brachial plexus block using ropivacaine alone or combined with dexmedetomidine for upper limb surgery: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, comparative study. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2016; 63:135-140. [PMID: 26091830 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine is a new α-2 receptor agonist with analgesic and sedative properties. We used dexmedetomidine along with ropivacaine for supraclavicular brachial plexus block. METHODS Eighty ASA grade I-II patients, 18-60 years old, scheduled for elective upper limb orthopaedic surgery under supraclavicular brachial plexus block, were included in this prospective study. The patients were randomly assigned to group R (ropivacaine alone) and group RD (ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine) (40 patients in each group). Group R received ropivacaine 0.50% (30 cc)+placebo and group RD received ropivacaine 0.50% (30 cc)+dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg. Primary outcome measure was duration of analgesia. Secondary measures were onset and duration of sensory blockade, pain scores, onset and duration of motor blockade, and evidence of any adverse drug reactions. RESULTS There was no significant difference hemodynamic parameter during intra-operative period. Group RD showed a statistically significant shorter time to onset of sensory blockade (10.75±2.71 vs. 16.75±2.96 min, P=.003), longer sensory block duration (379.40±55.09 vs. 211.60±47.88 min, P=.002), shorter onset time to motor blockade (14.35±2.58 vs. 20.25±4.13 min, P=.003), longer motor block duration (312.0±49.91 vs. 184.7±36.76 min, P=.002), longer duration of postoperative analgesia (413.73±89.92 vs. 197.35±28.67 min, P=.002). Three patients in the group RD developed somnolence. (P=.04). CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine along with ropivacaine decreases the onset of motor and sensory block and increases the duration of sensory and motor block in supraclavicular brachial plexus block.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Das
- Departamento de Anestesiología y Cuidados Críticos, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India.
| | | | - M Sharma
- J N Medical College, AMU Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Mitra
- Departamento de Anestesiología y Cuidados Críticos, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India
| | - R Chauhan
- Departamento de Anestesiología y Cuidados Críticos, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kanyal P, Roshan P.M. R, Danish M, Anita A, Khati A, Chauhan R. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and its applicability in aquaculture systems and aquatic animal health management: An overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.31018/jans.v8i1.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Global aquaculture production in 2012 touched new high of 90.4 million tonnes including 66.6 million tonnes of food fish and 23.8 million tonnes of aquatic algae providing 19.2 kg per capita food fish suppy. Aquaculture is reported to suffer heavy production and financial losses due to fish infections caused by microbial pathogens. Therefore in order to make aquaculture industry more sustainable, effective strategies to control fish infections are urgently needed. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) is an emerging, low-cost anti-microbial approach to the treatment of locally occurring infections and also for the treatment of aquaculture water and waste waters. Already proven effective in various medical and clinical applications, it utilizes three vital components: a photosensitizing agent (PS), a light source of an appropriate wave length and oxygen. aPDT has got a potential of being a preferred choice over antibiotics in aquaculture systems because of its non-target specificity, few side effects, lack of the pathogenicity reversal and re-growth of the micro-organism after treatment and the lack of development of resistance mechanisms. The technique has been proved effective in vitro against bacteria (including drug-resistant strains), yeasts, fungi, viruses, parasites and even the stubborn biofilms. Although preliminary results indicate that this technology has a high potential to disinfect waters in aquaculture system and also in hatcheries and seed production units, but it clearly needs more deep knowledge and multi-dimenstional approach.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Hemodialysis has improved the morbidity and mortality associated with end stage renal disease. In India, hemodialysis prescription is empiric, which leads to complications related to under-dialysis. Hence, adequacy of hemodialysis in Indian setting was analyzed in this study. A total of 50 patients on twice per week hemodialysis were assessed for 1 month. The number of sessions meeting standards laid out by Kidney Diseases Outcome Quality Initiatives (KDOQI) guidelines were calculated. They were divided into two groups: one in whom dialysis was monitored and session length enhanced to meet the minimum standard Kt/V of 2 and second control group; where Kt/V was not monitored. Hemoglobin (Hb) levels, albumin levels, mean arterial pressure and World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life (QoL) score were compared in the two groups after 6 months. Only 28% of hemodialysis sessions were adequate as per KDOQI guidelines. There was significant improvement in Hb levels (1.47 vs. 0.15 g/dl), mean arterial pressure levels (15.2 vs. 3.16 mm Hg), serum albumin levels (0.82 vs. 0.11 g/dl) and WHO QoL score (17.2 vs. 2.24) in study group as compared to control group. Standard Kt/V can be used as an important tool to modify twice weekly dialysis sessions to provide better QoL to the patients. However, studies with larger sample size are required to conclusively prove our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Chauhan
- Department of Medicine, Command Hospital (Southern Command), Wanowrie, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Mendonca
- Department of Medicine, Command Hospital (Southern Command), Wanowrie, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dasgupta S, Divekar S, Arya A, Gupta P, Chauhan R, Bhadauria S, Hanif A, Garg MO, Nanoti A. A vapor phase adsorptive desulfurization process for producing ultra low sulphur diesel using NiY zeolite as a regenerable adsorbent. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05664k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A NiY zeolite based vapor phase adsorptive desulfurization process has been described which can bring down sulphur concentration of a commercial BS IV grade (Euro IV equivalent) diesel from 50 ppm to a <5 ppm level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Dasgupta
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- AMS Laboratory
- Dehradun 248005
- India
| | - S. Divekar
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- AMS Laboratory
- Dehradun 248005
- India
| | - A. Arya
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- AMS Laboratory
- Dehradun 248005
- India
| | - P. Gupta
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- AMS Laboratory
- Dehradun 248005
- India
| | - R. Chauhan
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- AMS Laboratory
- Dehradun 248005
- India
| | - S. Bhadauria
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- AMS Laboratory
- Dehradun 248005
- India
| | - A. Hanif
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- AMS Laboratory
- Dehradun 248005
- India
| | - M. O. Garg
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- AMS Laboratory
- Dehradun 248005
- India
| | - A. Nanoti
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- AMS Laboratory
- Dehradun 248005
- India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jones CP, Chauhan R, Aldington D. Use of intramuscular morphine in trauma patients. Anaesthesia 2014; 69:796-7. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. P. Jones
- Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital; Liverpool England
| | - R. Chauhan
- University Hospital Coventry; Coventry England
| | - D. Aldington
- Royal Hampshire County Hospital; Winchester England
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chauhan R, Nautiyal M, Tava A, Cecotti R. Essential oil composition from leaves ofHeracleum candicansWall.: a sustainable method for extraction. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2013.868330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
32
|
Chauhan R, Jones R, Wilkinson P, Pauchet Y, Ffrench-Constant RH. Cytochrome P450-encoding genes from the Heliconius genome as candidates for cyanogenesis. Insect Mol Biol 2013; 22:532-540. [PMID: 23834845 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s are important both in the metabolism of xenobiotics and the production of compounds such as cyanogenic glucosides, which insects use in their defence. In the present study, we use transcriptomic and genomic information to isolate and name P450-encoding genes from the butterfly Heliconius melpomene. We classify each of the putative genes into its appropriate superfamily and compare the distribution of P450s across sequenced insects. We also identify homologues of two P450s known to be involved in cyanogenesis in the six-spot Burnet moth, Zygaena filipendulae. Classification of Heliconius P450s should be an important step in the dissection of their role in the exploitation of their host plant, the passion vine Passiflora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Chauhan
- Center for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chauhan R, Tsamandouras N, Rostami-Hodjegan A. PP144—Assessing In Vivo Enzyme Genetic Variation in the Presence of Transporter Effect. Clin Ther 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.07.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
34
|
Tayade A, Dhar P, Sharma M, Chauhan R, Chaurasia O, Srivastava R. Antioxidant Capacities, Phenolic Contents, and GC/MS Analysis ofRhodiola imbricataEdgew. Root Extracts from Trans-Himalaya. J Food Sci 2013; 78:C402-10. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.B. Tayade
- Defence Inst. of High Altitude Research; Defence Research & Development Organisation; Leh-Ladakh; Jammu & Kashmir; 194 101; India
| | - P. Dhar
- Defence Inst. of High Altitude Research; Defence Research & Development Organisation; Leh-Ladakh; Jammu & Kashmir; 194 101; India
| | - M. Sharma
- Dept. of Pharmacy; Jaypee Univ. of Information Technology; Waknaghat; Solan; 173 234; India
| | - R.S. Chauhan
- Dept. of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics; Jaypee Univ. of Information Technology; Waknaghat; Solan; 173 234; India
| | - O.P. Chaurasia
- Defence Inst. of High Altitude Research; Defence Research & Development Organisation; Leh-Ladakh; Jammu & Kashmir; 194 101; India
| | - R.B. Srivastava
- Defence Inst. of High Altitude Research; Defence Research & Development Organisation; Leh-Ladakh; Jammu & Kashmir; 194 101; India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
Chauhan R, Nautiyal M, Tava A, Cecotti R. Essential oil composition ofMorina longifoliaWall. ex DC. from the Himalayan region. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2012.703500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
37
|
Chauhan R, Siddiqi AA, Dwivedi J. An approach to regioselective synthesis of pyrazole and isoxazole derivatives and study of their antimicrobial effect. Pharm Chem J 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-012-0789-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
38
|
|
39
|
|
40
|
Perani A, Singh RP, Chauhan R, Al-Rubeai M. Variable functions of bcl-2 in mediating bioreactor stress- induced apoptosis in hybridoma cells. Cytotechnology 2011; 28:177-88. [PMID: 19003419 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008002319400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the cell lines used for production of biopharmaceuticals are highly susceptible to apoptosis, and that over-expression of the bcl-2 oncogene can protect cells from death. Stress associated with the deprivation of nutrients has been shown to be the main cause of apoptosis in culture. We have extended these studies by investigating the mechanism of cell death under conditions of sub-optimal pH, shear stress and hyperosmolarity, and the protective action of bcl-2 over-expression. At pH 6, there was no clear evidence of protection from cell death. However, at pH 8, the viability of the bcl-2 transfected cells was about 20% higher relative to the control cells. Cultivation of control cells in a flat bottomed bioreactor with a magnetic stirrer bar without a pivot ring resulted in exposure of the cells to a high attrition effect. As a result, cell growth was retarded and a high level of cell death by apoptosis was observed. Under the same conditions, the bcl-2 transfected cell line exhibited a nearly five fold increase in viable cell number. This finding indicates that under apoptosis-suppressed conditions, shear stress can stimulate cell growth. Batch cultivation of both control and bcl-2 transfected cells in 350 and 400 mOsm media resulted in suppression of cell growth, athough the effect was most marked in the control cell line. Adaptation of control cells to 400 mOsm proved to be impossible to achieve. However, the bcl-2 transfected cells exhibited resistance to the osmotic stress resulting in long term adaptation to a high salt environment. Specific productivity of bcl-2 transfected cells grown in high osmolarity medium was 100% higher than that produced by non- adapted bcl-2 transfected cells grown in normal osmolarity medium. These results demonstrate that bcl-2 has a beneficial effect on hybridoma cultivation under a wide range of culture stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Perani
- Centre for Bioprocess Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Khanduja R, Tewari P, Chauhan R. Performance modeling and optimization for the stock preparation unit of a paper plant using genetic algorithm. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 2011. [DOI: 10.1108/02656711111141238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to deal with the performance modeling and optimization for the stock preparation unit of a paper plant using genetic algorithm. It provides the optimum unit availability level for different combinations of failure and repair rates of the subsystems of the stock preparation unit of the paper plant concerned.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, efforts have been made to develop performance models based on real situations for the stock preparation unit. The performance in terms of availability has been evaluated on the basis of Markov birth‐death process. After that, the performance optimization using genetic algorithm is done, which gives the optimum unit availability levels for different combinations of failure and repair rates of the subsystems of stock preparation units for enhancing the overall performance of the paper plant.FindingsThe effect of genetic algorithm parameters, namely number of generations, population size and crossover probability on the unit performance i.e. availability has been analyzed and discussed with the concerned paper plant management. It is found that these results are highly beneficial to the maintenance engineers for the purpose of effective maintenance planning to enhance the overall performance (availability) of the stock preparation unit of the paper plant.Originality/valueMost of the researchers have confined their work to the development and analysis of theoretical models which has little practical significance. To fulfill this deficiency, efforts have been made in the present work to develop a model based on real situations for the stock preparation unit.
Collapse
|
42
|
Modi P, Rizvi J, Pal B, Bharadwaj R, Trivedi P, Trivedi A, Patel K, Shah K, Vyas J, Sharma S, Shah K, Chauhan R, Trivedi H. Laparoscopic kidney transplantation: an initial experience. Am J Transplant 2011; 11:1320-4. [PMID: 21486384 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03512.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy has the advantages of less pain, early ambulation and shorter hospitalization compared to open donor nephrectomy. Kidney recipient surgery is, however, traditionally performed by open surgery. Our aim was to study feasibility and safety of laparoscopic kidney transplantation (LKT). After permission from Internal Review Board, LKT was performed in four patients. All kidneys were procured from deceased donors. Left kidney was used for LKT and transplanted in left iliac fossa while right kidney was used for standard open kidney transplantation (OKT). All transplantation procedures were performed successfully. Cold ischemia time varied between 4 h and 14 h. For LKT, mean time for anastomosis was 65 (range 62-72) min, mean operative time was 3.97 (range 3.5-5) h, mean blood loss was 131.25 mL (range 45-350) mL. Mean wound length was 7 cm in LKT group and 18.4 cm in OKT group. Delayed graft function was observed in one patient in each group. One patient was lost in OKT group due to posttransplant bacterial meningitis. At 6 months, both groups have comparable value of serum creatinine. In conclusion, LKT is technically feasible and safe. Long term outcome needs to be evaluated in a larger study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Modi
- Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Smt. G R Doshi and Smt. K M Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre and Dr H L Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Injury following ballistic trauma is the most prevalent indication for providing organ system support within an ICU in the field. Following damage control surgery, postoperative ventilatory support may be required, but multiple factors may influence the indications for and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation. Ballistic trauma and surgery may trigger the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and are important causative factors in the development of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, their pathophysiological effect on the respiratory system is unpredictable and variable. Invasive mechanical ventilation is associated with numerous complications and the return to spontaneous ventilation has many physiological benefits. Following trauma, shorter periods of ICU sedation-amnesia and a protocol for early weaning and extubation, may minimize complications and have a beneficial effect on their psychological recovery. In the presence of stable respiratory function, appropriate analgesia and favourable operational and transfer criteria, we believe that the prompt restoration of spontaneous ventilation and early tracheal extubation should be a clinical objective for casualties within the field ICU.
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Datta P, Rani H, Chauhan R, Gombar S, Chander J. Device-associated nosocomial infection in the intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital in northern India. J Hosp Infect 2010; 76:184-5. [PMID: 20708301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
46
|
Gakinya S, Sayed S, Chauhan R, Sayed P, Gakinya S. hisBreast cancer Molecular subtypes and their clinicopathological characteristics amongst patients at the Aga Khan University hospital (Nairobi). Ann Afr Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.4314/aas.v5i1.53713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
47
|
Sood H, Chauhan R. Development of a Low Cost Micropropagation Technology for an Endangered Medicinal Herb (Picrorhiza kurroa) of North-Western Himalayas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/jps.2009.21.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
48
|
Ravindra P, Chauhan R. Immunopotentiating effect of Immuplus-A poly-herbal preparation. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
49
|
Chauhan R, Singh A, Shrivastava A, Singh L, Pant S. Photo-induced Structural Changes in Polyolefin-nanoclay Composite. DEFENCE SCI J 2008. [DOI: 10.14429/dsj.58.1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
50
|
Ambwani S, Ambwani TK, Chauhan R. Evaluation of thiram induced oxidative stress, immunosuppression and apoptosis in avain lymphocytes culture system. J Biotechnol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|