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Azhar A, Shahnoor S, Owais R, Shamat SF, Taimuri MA. Potential of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a non-invasive diagnostic tool to contain a global outbreak of malaria. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:831-832. [PMID: 37661202 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Azhar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Shahnoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan.
| | - Rabia Owais
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan
| | | | - Muskan Asim Taimuri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan
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Ali E, Latif F, Mashkoor Y, Sheikh A, Iqbal A, Owais R, Ahmed J, Naveed S, Moeed A, Ullah I, Mughal S. Role of adjunctive cariprazine for treatment-resistant depression in patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 95:104005. [PMID: 38513509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cariprazine is an orally active dopamine D3-preferring D3/D2 receptor and serotonin 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist, being considered as a treatment for refractory MDD. Therefore, we aim to perform the first meta-analysis of current literature, to collate changes in depression from baseline and assess tolerability of adjunctive cariprazine in MDD populace. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.Gov, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception till 1st September 2023. RCTs of adult patients with refractory MDD under adjunctive cariprazine vs. placebo were included. Primary outcomes included improvement in MADRS, CGI-S, and HAM-D 17 scores. Secondary outcomes included treatment-emergent adverse events. The statistical analysis was performed using generic inverse variance with random-effects model. The overall risk ratios (RR) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes. RESULTS A total of five RCTs were analysed, enrolling 2013 participants (cariprazine: 959 participants, Placebo: 1054). Supplementation of ADT with cariprazine demonstrated a significant improvement in MADRAS, CGI-S and HAMD-17 scores from baseline (LSMD: -1.88, 95% CI [-2.94, -0.83], p=0.0005), (LSMD: -0.18, 95% CI [-0.29, -0.07], p=0.002), and (LSMD: -0.96, 95% CI [-1.70, -0.21], p=0.01) respectively. Treatment with adjunctive cariprazine therapy demonstrated significantly increased incidence of akathisia, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, restlessness, somnolence, and tremors when compared with placebo. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis provides evidence supporting the efficacy of adjunctive cariprazine in patients with refractory MDD. However, it is essential to consider the safety profile of cariprazine, particularly the increased risk of adverse events. The vigilant monitoring and management of these side effects should be integrated into clinical practice to minimize discontinuation rates and optimize patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Latif
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Yusra Mashkoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Amna Iqbal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Owais
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Naveed
- Psychiatry Program Director at Eastern Connecticut Health Network, CT, USA; Associate Professor of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, CT, USA; Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Frank H. Netter School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, CT, USA; Fellow, Infant, Parent Mental Health, University of Massachusetts, Boston, USA
| | - Abdul Moeed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sanila Mughal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Ali E, Shaikh A, Yasmin F, Sughra F, Sheikh A, Owais R, Raheel H, Virk HUH, Mustapha JA. Incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world data. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291859. [PMID: 37733726 PMCID: PMC10513332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Insomnia is a prevalent sleeping disorder associated with increasing cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity. However, data incorporating recent clinical studies evaluating these outcomes is scarce. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association of insomnia with CV mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), all-cause mortality, and incidence of CV disease by conducting the first-ever meta-analysis of real-world data evaluating these CV outcomes. MEDLINE and Scopus databases were queried till August 2022 to identify studies comparing prespecified outcomes in patients with and without insomnia. The primary outcomes were CV mortality and myocardial infarction, while secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, and CV-disease incidence. All data were pooled using an inverse-variance weighted random-effects model, and results were reported as relative risks (RRs) and p-values. 21 studies were analyzed. Risks for CV mortality and MI were significantly higher in patients with insomnia (RR 1.53, p<0.01, and RR 1.48, p = 0.03, respectively). The risk for all-cause mortality and CV disease incidence was also significantly higher in insomnia patients (RR 1.14, p = 0.03, and RR 1.31, p<0.01, respectively). Individuals with insomnia experience a higher risk of long-term mortality, MI, and incidence of CV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Ali
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asim Shaikh
- Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farah Yasmin
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Fatima Sughra
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sheikh
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Owais
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hamna Raheel
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Jihad A. Mustapha
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
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Sheikh A, Mughal S, Owais R, Siddiqui MS. SOBA (soluble oligomer binding assay): A breakthrough or the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1492. [PMID: 37599661 PMCID: PMC10435830 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Sheikh
- Department of MedicineDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan
| | - Sanila Mughal
- Department of MedicineDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan
| | - Rabia Owais
- Department of MedicineDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan
| | - Mishal Shan Siddiqui
- Department of Surgery. Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau, Civil Hospital KarachiDow University of Health SciencesKarachiPakistan
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Ali E, Sheikh A, Owais R, Shaikh A, Naeem U. Comprehensive overview of human monkeypox: epidemiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis and prevention. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:2767-2773. [PMID: 37363539 PMCID: PMC10289503 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), belonging to the orthopoxvirus genus with a presentation resembling smallpox making it historically challenging to distinguish the disease from smallpox clinically. Since a British citizen brought MPX into the country on 6 May 2022, there have been concerns about the re-emergence of the human MPXV. Since then, the WHO has reported 92 confirmed cases and 28 suspected cases in 13 nations where MPXV was not endemic. WHO declared MPX a 'public health emergency of international concern' on 23 July 2022. MPXV can spread either through human-human contact or animal-human contact. Respiratory droplets, direct contact with bodily fluids, contaminated patient surroundings or objects, and skin sores from an infected person have all been linked to the disease's transmission from one person to another. Fever, headache, lethargy, asthenia, enlargement of the lymph nodes, weariness, back pain, and myalgia are some of the symptoms that last from 2 to 5 weeks. It can be diagnosed using a range of diagnostic methods, including electron microscopy, Immunoglobulin M, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reactions, histological analysis, immunofluorescent antibody testing, virus isolation, etc. Smallpox immunization before infection may lessen clinical symptoms and is around 85% effective in protecting from the MPXV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Ali
- Dow University of Health Sciences
| | | | | | - Asim Shaikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Sheikh A, Owais R, Ali E, Shaikh A. COVID‐19 and early puberty—An unintended consequence of COVID‐19 lockdown? Dev Psychobiol 2023; 65:e22384. [PMID: 37073592 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes the disease COVID-19, also termed as acute atypical pneumonia leading to respiratory failure. Children were more likely to spend time at home due to the lockdown mandated by governments as a preventive measure, which led to alterations in dietary habits and sleeping patterns which could have had a substantial influence on their sexual development, including but not limited to faster onset of puberty. Existing data suggested a plausible relationship between COVID-19 and early puberty. Obesity, physical activity, mental health, and birth weight are major risk factors that have further contributed to the early onset of puberty. In order to address such health crises affecting children, comprehensive solutions are urgently required. As COVID-19 continues to have multiple unpredictable health consequences, spreading awareness regarding this specific problem is of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Owais
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Eman Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asim Shaikh
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Owais R, Iqbal M. Monkeypox and fecal microbiota for transplantation(FMT): An unprecedented risk? Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 82:104779. [PMID: 36249307 PMCID: PMC9534088 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Owais
- Corresponding author. Department of Internal Medicine Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, Saddar Karachi, Pakistan.
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Sheikh A, Rafique W, Owais R, Malik F, Ali E. FDA approves Ruxolitinib (Opzelura) for Vitiligo Therapy: A breakthrough in the field of dermatology. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 81:104499. [PMID: 36147080 PMCID: PMC9486756 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Ali E, Owais R, Sheikh A, Shaikh A. Olumniant (Baricitinib) oral tablets: An insight into FDA-approved systemic treatment for Alopecia Areata. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 80:104157. [PMID: 36045780 PMCID: PMC9422172 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Ali
- Corresponding author. Department of Internal Medicine Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, Saddar Karachi, Pakistan.
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