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Hussain A, Augustine SW, Pyakurel S, Vempalli H, Dabbara R, O'dare RA, Ayush, Varghese JJ, Inban P, Jayan M, Osigwe EC, Sunkara SM, Khan A. Acute Pancreatitis Induced by COVID-19 Vaccine: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e55426. [PMID: 38571842 PMCID: PMC10990070 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis, marked by sudden inflammation of the pancreas, presents a complex spectrum of causative factors including gallstone obstruction, alcohol abuse, and viral infections. Recent studies have illuminated the emergence of vaccine-induced acute pancreatitis, notably associated with COVID-19 vaccinations, presenting diverse mechanisms ranging from direct viral-mediated injury to autoimmune reactions. Understanding this link is pivotal for public health, yet challenges persist in identifying and managing cases post-vaccination. Comprehensive literature reviews employing the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement outline the potential pathways and mechanisms leading to vaccine-induced pancreatitis, emphasizing the need for deeper investigations into underlying health conditions and modifications to vaccine components. Notably, the rare occurrences of vaccine-induced pancreatitis extend beyond COVID-19 vaccines, with reports also documenting associations with measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), human papillomavirus (HPV), and other viral vaccinations. Mechanistically, hypotheses such as molecular mimicry and immunologic injury have been proposed, necessitating ongoing vigilance and exploration. Regulatory agencies play a crucial role in monitoring and communicating vaccine safety concerns, emphasizing transparency to address potential risks and maintain public trust. Understanding and communicating these rare adverse events with transparency remain integral for informed vaccination policies and to allay concerns surrounding vaccine safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Hussain
- Internal Medicine, Appalachian Regional Health, Harlan, USA
| | - Sana W Augustine
- Internal Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Hyderabad, PAK
| | - Sandhya Pyakurel
- Internal Medicine, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Chittagong, BGD
| | | | - Rishika Dabbara
- Internal Medicine, Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Rachel A O'dare
- Nursing, South University, Savannah, USA
- General Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, AUT
| | - Ayush
- Internal Medicine, National Capital Region Institute of Medical Sciences, Meerut, IND
| | | | - Pugazhendi Inban
- General Medicine, Government Medical College, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai, IND
| | - Malavika Jayan
- Internal Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, IND
| | | | | | - Aadil Khan
- Trauma Surgery, OSF Healthcare Hospital, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, USA
- Internal Medicine, Lala Lajpat Rai (LLR) Hospital, Kanpur, IND
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