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Khabbazi A, Farzaneh R, Mahmoudi M, Shahi M, Jabbaripour Sarmadian A, Babapour E, Alizadeh L, Khabbazi R, Nouri-Vaskeh M. Cold intolerance and associated factors: a population study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18029. [PMID: 36302950 PMCID: PMC9613912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold intolerance has been defined as a set of symptoms including pain, tingling, numbness, chills, stiffness, weakness, swelling or skin color changes on exposure to cold. Cold intolerance may have a profound effect on health-related quality of life. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated primarily the prevalence of cold intolerance and secondly associated factors in the general population of Tabriz. Simple random sampling of individuals aged ≥ 18 was performed from the population covered by Emamieh health center under the supervision of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. A telephone interview was conducted with the participants by the general physician of that center. In participants with a positive response to each of two questions "I am oversensitive to cold" and "I experience pain or discomfort when exposed to cold" a Cold Intolerance Symptom Severity (CISS) questionnaire was filled. We used a cut off value 50 for defining cold intolerance. Of the 353 person who received telephone calls, 322 answered questions. Cold related symptoms and cold intolerance were reported in 144 (44.7%) and 38 (11.1%) persons, respectively. Cold intolerance was significantly more common in females and people with comorbidities. Cold intolerance led to a decrease in quality of job in 27 (8.4%) and a change in job in 6 (1.9%) persons. In conclusion, cold intolerance is a common problem in the general population of Tabriz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khabbazi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imamreza Hospital, Flat 1, P.O Box 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rojin Farzaneh
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imamreza Hospital, Flat 1, P.O Box 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahmoudi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imamreza Hospital, Flat 1, P.O Box 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imamreza Hospital, Flat 1, P.O Box 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirreza Jabbaripour Sarmadian
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imamreza Hospital, Flat 1, P.O Box 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Babapour
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imamreza Hospital, Flat 1, P.O Box 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Alizadeh
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raha Khabbazi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imamreza Hospital, Flat 1, P.O Box 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Nouri-Vaskeh
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imamreza Hospital, Flat 1, P.O Box 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
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Khabbazi A, Kavandi H, Paribanaem R, Khabbazi R, Malek Mahdavi A. Adherence to medication in patients with rheumatic diseases during COVID-19 pandemic. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 81:e200. [PMID: 32895235 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khabbazi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Kavandi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Paribanaem
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raha Khabbazi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aida Malek Mahdavi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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