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Duraisamy R, Akiana J, Davoust B, Mediannikov O, Michelle C, Robert C, Parra HJ, Raoult D, Biagini P, Desnues C. Detection of novel RNA viruses from free-living gorillas, Republic of the Congo: genetic diversity of picobirnaviruses. Virus Genes 2018; 54:256-271. [PMID: 29476397 PMCID: PMC7088520 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-018-1543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Most of the emerging infectious diseases reported so far originated in wildlife. Therefore, virological surveillance of animals and particularly great apes is of great interest to establish the repertory of viruses associated with healthy hosts. This will further help to identify the emergence of new viruses and predict the possibility of interspecies transmission. In this study, we performed shotgun viral metagenomics on stool samples collected from seventeen free-living wild gorillas from the Republic of the Congo. The analysis revealed the presence of novel RNA viruses (picobirnaviruses, partitivirus, and Picornavirales (posa-like and dicistrovirus-like viruses)). Among these, picobirnavirus-related sequences were abundantly covered in the stools. Based on genetic variations both in capsid and RdRp proteins of picobirnaviruses, at least 96 variants were identified and most of them were novel. Among the 96, 22 variants had a nearly complete genome or segment. A comprehensive sequence analysis identified a potential new genogroup/genetic cluster and the presence of a short linear amino acid motif (ExxRxNxxxE) in a hypothetical protein. The sequence analysis of posa-like virus and dicistrovirus showed that these two viruses were novel members in the respective viral families. In conclusion, the identification of novel RNA viruses and their genetic diversity increases our knowledge about viruses that are associated with stools of wild gorillas and contributes to the initiatives in the search for potential emerging zoonotic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Duraisamy
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
| | - Jean Akiana
- Laboratoire national de santé publique, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Bernard Davoust
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Oleg Mediannikov
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Michelle
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Robert
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Henri-Joseph Parra
- Laboratoire national de santé publique, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Biagini
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 7268 ADES, Etablissement Français du Sang, Marseille, France
| | - Christelle Desnues
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
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Abstract
High-throughput sequencing technologies have revolutionized how we think about viruses. Investigators can now go beyond pathogenic viruses and have access to the thousands of viruses that inhabit our bodies without causing clinical symptoms. By studying their interactions with each other, with other microbes, and with host genetics and immune systems, we can learn how they affect health and disease. This article reviews current knowledge of the composition and diversity of the human virome in physiologically healthy individuals. It focuses on recent results from metagenomics studies and discusses the contribution of bacteriophages and eukaryotic viruses to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Rascovan
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France.,URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, 13385 Marseille, France;
| | - Raja Duraisamy
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France.,URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, 13385 Marseille, France;
| | - Christelle Desnues
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France.,URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, 13385 Marseille, France;
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Kapoor A, Tesh RB, Duraisamy R, Popov VL, Travassos da Rosa APA, Lipkin WI. A novel mosquito-borne Orbivirus species found in South-east Asia. J Gen Virol 2013; 94:1051-1057. [PMID: 23364187 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.046748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Orbivirus of the family Reoviridae includes a genetically diverse group of dsRNA arthropod-borne viruses that infect a wide variety of animal species. Here, we report the complete genome and phylogenetic analysis of a novel orbivirus (IAn-66411 or Sathuvachari virus, SVIV) isolated in 1963 from starlings (Brahminy myna) collected in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Comparative genetic analysis of the SVIV polymerase (VP1 protein), core protein (VP3) and outer core protein (VP7) confirmed that SVIV is most closely related to the mosquito-borne orbiviruses, but that it is equally divergent from all known species. Therefore, SVIV should be tentatively considered as the prototype of a novel mosquito-associated Orbivirus species. These findings will aid in the development of molecular reagents that can identify genetically similar orbiviruses and help elucidate their geographical distribution, epidemiology, species tropism and possible disease association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kapoor
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Robert B Tesh
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Raja Duraisamy
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Vsevolod L Popov
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Amelia P A Travassos da Rosa
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - W Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Duraisamy R, Rota PA, Palani G, Elango V, Sambasivam M, Lowe L, Lopareva E, Ramamurty N. Molecular characterization of wild-type measles viruses in Tamil Nadu, India, during 2005-2006: Relationship of genotype D8 strains from Tamil Nadu to global strains. J Med Virol 2011; 84:348-57. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.22244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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