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Herlo A, Marinescu AR, Cut TG, Laza R, Oancea CI, Manolescu D, Hogea E, Porosnicu TM, Sincaru SV, Dumache R, Ispas S, Nelson Twakor A, Nicolae M, Lazureanu VE. Risk Factors for Pulmonary Embolism in Individuals Infected with SARS-CoV2-A Single-Centre Retrospective Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:774. [PMID: 38672130 PMCID: PMC11048050 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV2 has presented itself as a significant global health crisis. The prevalence of thrombotic events is known to be high in these patients, affecting various organ systems, sometimes leading to cutaneous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism (PE), stroke, or coronary thrombosis. The available evidence suggests that thromboembolism, hypercoagulability, and the excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines play a significant role in the development of multiorgan failure. Methodology: This retrospective single-centre study was conducted at "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Romania, involving a total of 420 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. We separated them into a CONTROL group that included 319 patients, and an intervention group (PE) with 101 patients that, subsequent to infection with the virus, developed pulmonary embolism. The study included the reporting of demographic data, laboratory findings, and comorbidities. Results: Out of a total of 420 patients, 24% experienced pulmonary embolism, while 21.42% died. Arterial thrombotic events were found to be associated with factors such as age, cardiovascular disease, levels of white blood cells, D-dimers, and albumin in the blood. The findings of the study indicate that there is an independent association between pulmonary thrombosis and hypertension (odds ratio (OR): 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7 to 1.7; p = 0.6463), cancer (OR: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.6 to 2.3; p = 0.6014), and COPD (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.6 to 2.3; p = 0.4927). On the other hand, there is a stronger correlation between PE and obesity (OR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.7 to 4.6; p < 0.0001), diabetes (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 2 to 5.3; p < 0.0001), and dyslipidemia (OR: 3.6; 95% CI: 2.3 to 5.8; p < 0.0001) in a multivariable regression logistic model. Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with severe forms of COVID-19 display a comparable incidence of arterial thrombotic events, which have been linked to poor survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Herlo
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.H.); (A.R.M.); (T.G.C.); (R.L.); (V.E.L.)
| | - Adelina Raluca Marinescu
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.H.); (A.R.M.); (T.G.C.); (R.L.); (V.E.L.)
| | - Talida Georgiana Cut
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.H.); (A.R.M.); (T.G.C.); (R.L.); (V.E.L.)
| | - Ruxandra Laza
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.H.); (A.R.M.); (T.G.C.); (R.L.); (V.E.L.)
| | - Cristian Iulian Oancea
- Department XIII, Discipline of Pneumology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Manolescu
- Department XV, Discipline of Radiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Elena Hogea
- Department XIV, Discipline of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Tamara Mirela Porosnicu
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Intensive Care Unit, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases and Pneumology, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Suzana Vasilica Sincaru
- Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplant, Strada Gheorghe Maricescu, 540327 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Raluca Dumache
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Bioethics, Medical Ethics and Medical Law, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Sorina Ispas
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of General Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Andreea Nelson Twakor
- Department of Internal Medicine, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Maria Nicolae
- Department of Pediatrics, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania;
| | - Voichita Elena Lazureanu
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.H.); (A.R.M.); (T.G.C.); (R.L.); (V.E.L.)
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Herlo LF, Dumache R, Duta C, Vita O, Mercioni AM, Stelea L, Sirli R, Iurciuc S. Colorectal Cancer Risk Prediction Using the rs4939827 Polymorphism of the SMAD7 Gene in the Romanian Population. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:220. [PMID: 38275467 PMCID: PMC10814119 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is globally recognized as a prevalent malignancy known for its significant mortality rate. Recent years have witnessed a rising incidence trend in colorectal cancer, emphasizing the necessity for early diagnosis. Our study focused on examining the impact of the SMAD7 gene variant rs4939827 on the risk of colorectal cancer occurrence. The composition of our study group included 340 individuals, comprising 170 CRC diagnosed patients and 170 healthy controls. We performed genotyping of all biological samples using the TaqMan assay on the ABI 7500 Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Waltham, MA, USA). This investigation focused on the rs4939827 gene variant, assessing its association with CRC risk and clinicopathological characteristics. Genotyping results for the SMAD7 gene variant rs4939827 revealed a 42.6% prevalence of the C allele in CRC patients (p = 0.245) and a 22.8% prevalence of the T allele in control subjects (p = 0.109). This study concluded that there was an elevated risk of CRC in the dominant model for CC/CT+TT, with a p-value of 0.113 and an odds ratio (OR) of 2.781, within a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.998 to 3.456. The findings of our research indicate a correlation between variants of the SMAD7 gene and the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer in our study population. Consequently, these results could be instrumental in facilitating early diagnosis of colorectal cancer utilizing information on single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and genetic susceptibility to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucian-Flavius Herlo
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Raluca Dumache
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Bioethics, Medical Ethics and Medical Law, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Ciprian Duta
- Department of Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Octavia Vita
- Department of Pathology, Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Adriana Marina Mercioni
- Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Politehnica University, 300223 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Lavinia Stelea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Sirli
- Advanced Regional Research Center in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Stela Iurciuc
- Cardiology Department, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Cut TG, Mavrea A, Cumpanas AA, Novacescu D, Oancea CI, Bratosin F, Marinescu AR, Laza R, Mocanu A, Pescariu AS, Manolescu D, Dumache R, Enache A, Hogea E, Lazureanu VE. A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040620. [PMID: 37111506 PMCID: PMC10143659 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Data on bacterial or fungal pathogens and their impact on the mortality rates of Western Romanian COVID-19 patients are scarce. As a result, the purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of bacterial and fungal co- and superinfections in Western Romanian adults with COVID-19, hospitalized in in-ward settings during the second half of the pandemic, and its distribution according to sociodemographic and clinical conditions. The unicentric retrospective observational study was conducted on 407 eligible patients. Expectorate sputum was selected as the sampling technique followed by routine microbiological investigations. A total of 31.5% of samples tested positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, followed by 26.2% having co-infections with Klebsiella pneumoniae among patients admitted with COVID-19. The third most common Pathogenic bacteria identified in the sputum samples was Escherichia coli, followed by Acinetobacter baumannii in 9.3% of samples. Commensal human pathogens caused respiratory infections in 67 patients, the most prevalent being Streptococcus penumoniae, followed by methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 53.4% of sputum samples tested positive for Candida spp., followed by 41.1% of samples with Aspergillus spp. growth. The three groups with positive microbial growth on sputum cultures had an equally proportional distribution of patients admitted to the ICU, with an average of 30%, compared with only 17.3% among hospitalized COVID-19 patients with negative sputum cultures (p = 0.003). More than 80% of all positive samples showed multidrug resistance. The high prevalence of bacterial and fungal co-infections and superinfections in COVID-19 patients mandates for strict and effective antimicrobial stewardship and infection control policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talida Georgiana Cut
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei, Nr. 54, 50085 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina Mavrea
- Department VII, Internal Medicine II, Discipline of Cardiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alin Adrian Cumpanas
- Department XV, Discipline of Urology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dorin Novacescu
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei, Nr. 54, 50085 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Iulian Oancea
- Department XIII, Discipline of Pneumology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases (CRIPMRD), Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Felix Bratosin
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adelina Raluca Marinescu
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Laza
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mocanu
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Silvius Pescariu
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei, Nr. 54, 50085 Bucharest, Romania
- Department VII, Internal Medicine II, Discipline of Cardiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Manolescu
- Department XV, Discipline of Radiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Raluca Dumache
- Center for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department VIII, Discipline of Forensic Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Enache
- Center for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department VIII, Discipline of Forensic Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Elena Hogea
- Department XIV, Discipline of Microbiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Voichita Elena Lazureanu
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Cut TG, Ciocan V, Novacescu D, Voicu A, Marinescu AR, Lazureanu VE, Muresan CO, Enache A, Dumache R. Autopsy Findings and Inflammatory Markers in SARS-CoV-2: A Single-Center Experience. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:8743-8753. [PMID: 36597439 PMCID: PMC9805743 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s389300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The systemic inflammatory response related to COVID-19 can be easily investigated in living patients. Unfortunately, not every biomarker is suitable for postmortem analysis since several factors may interfere. The aim of this study was to summarize key histopathological findings within each organ system due to COVID-19 and to assess if serological inexpensive and widely available biomarkers such as CRP, IL-6, fibrinogen and d-Dimers, associated with adverse outcomes in COVID-19, can be implemented in a post-mortem assessment. Patients and Methods A total of 60 subjects divided in 2 groups were included. All subjects died outside a hospital setting and therefore did not receive specific or symptomatic therapies that could have modulated the inflammatory response. The first group included 45 subjects in which mandatory autopsy was performed in order to establish the cause of death and macroscopic examination of the lungs was highly suggestive of SARS-CoV-2 infection. As controls (Group 2), 20 subjects who died from polytrauma in high velocity car accidents and suicide were selected. Bronchial fluids collected during the autopsy procedure were used for the RT-PCR diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and serum samples were sent for analysis of IL-6, CRP, d-Dimers and fibrinogen. Results Compared with the control group, the subjects of the COVID-19 group were older (59±19.5 vs.38±19.15 years, p=0.0002) and had more underlying comorbidities such as hypertension (60% vs 35%, p=0.06) or were overweight (53.3% vs 30%, p=0.08). The levels of CRP, IL-6, fibrinogen and d-Dimers in postmortem plasma samples were significantly higher in COVID-19 subjects than in control group (p< 0.0001). Moreover, the level of IL-6 was significantly higher in overweight patients (r=0.52, P<0.001). In all COVID-19 subjects, the histological examination revealed features corresponding to the exudative and/or proliferative phases of diffuse alveolar damage. Large pulmonary emboli were observed in 7 cases. Gross cardiac enlargement with left ventricular hypertrophy was observed in 19 cases. The most frequent pathological finding of the central nervous system was acute/early-subacute infarction. Conclusion Due to the complexity of the inflammatory response, we postulate that a combination of biomarkers, rather than a single laboratory parameter, might be more effective in obtaining a reliable postmortem COVID-19 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talida Georgiana Cut
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pneumophtisiology Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Doctoral School Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Center for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Veronica Ciocan
- Center for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Department of Forensic Medicine, Bioethics, Deontology and Medical Law, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Correspondence: Veronica Ciocan, Department of Forensic Medicine, Bioethics, Deontology and Medical Law, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania, Tel +40722944453, Email
| | - Dorin Novacescu
- Doctoral School Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Voicu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adelina Raluca Marinescu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pneumophtisiology Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Voichita Elena Lazureanu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Pneumophtisiology Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Camelia Oana Muresan
- Center for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Department of Forensic Medicine, Bioethics, Deontology and Medical Law, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Enache
- Center for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Department of Forensic Medicine, Bioethics, Deontology and Medical Law, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Raluca Dumache
- Center for Ethics in Human Genetic Identifications, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania,Department of Forensic Medicine, Bioethics, Deontology and Medical Law, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
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Dumache R, Enache A, Macasoi I, Dehelean CA, Dumitrascu V, Mihailescu A, Popescu R, Vlad D, Vlad CS, Muresan C. SARS-CoV-2: An Overview of the Genetic Profile and Vaccine Effectiveness of the Five Variants of Concern. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050516. [PMID: 35631037 PMCID: PMC9144800 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, enormous efforts have been made to understand the genus SARS-CoV-2. Due to the high rate of global transmission, mutations in the viral genome were inevitable. A full understanding of the viral genome and its possible changes represents one of the crucial aspects of pandemic management. Structural protein S plays an important role in the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, mutations occurring at this level leading to viral forms with increased affinity for ACE2 receptors, higher transmissibility and infectivity, resistance to neutralizing antibodies and immune escape, increasing the risk of infection and disease severity. Thus, five variants of concern are currently being discussed, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron. In the present review, a comprehensive summary of the following critical aspects regarding SARS-CoV-2 has been made: (i) the genomic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2; (ii) the pathological mechanism of transmission, penetration into the cell and action on specific receptors; (iii) mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome; and (iv) possible implications of mutations in diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Dumache
- Ethics and Human Identification Research Center, Department of Neurosciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (R.D.); (A.E.); (A.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Alexandra Enache
- Ethics and Human Identification Research Center, Department of Neurosciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (R.D.); (A.E.); (A.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Ioana Macasoi
- Departament of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Departament of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Victor Dumitrascu
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Discipline of Pharmacology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (V.D.); (D.V.); (C.S.V.)
| | - Alexandra Mihailescu
- Ethics and Human Identification Research Center, Department of Neurosciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (R.D.); (A.E.); (A.M.); (C.M.)
- Genetics, Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Microscopic Morphology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Popescu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology, Discipline of Molecular and Cell Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Daliborca Vlad
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Discipline of Pharmacology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (V.D.); (D.V.); (C.S.V.)
| | - Cristian Sebastian Vlad
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Discipline of Pharmacology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (V.D.); (D.V.); (C.S.V.)
| | - Camelia Muresan
- Ethics and Human Identification Research Center, Department of Neurosciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (R.D.); (A.E.); (A.M.); (C.M.)
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Dumache R, Enache A, Cut T, Paul C, Mihailescu A, Ionescu A, Novacescu D, Marinescu A, Ciocan V, Muresan C, Voicu A. Deficiency of Vitamin D, a Major Risk Factor for SARS-CoV-2 Severity. Clin Lab 2022; 68. [PMID: 35254021 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2021.210327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak started in March 2020 with more than 120,552,261 cases at present and having caused over 2,667,248 deaths worldwide at the time this paper was written. The clinical signs of SARS-CoV-2 infection are especially evident in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Patients can be asymptomatic or present mild respiratory symptoms to severe acute lung injury leading to multiorgan failure and death. The study aims to assess the levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)-D) in 20 hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and 20 deceased people and to analyze the influence of vitamin D status on the severity of their disease. METHODS The present study was conducted on 40 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. They were divided into two groups: 20 patients admitted to the "Victor Babes" Hospital of Infectious Diseases and 20 postmortem cases autopsied at the Institute of Legal Medicine Timisoara, Romania. During the autopsy, blood and bronchial fluid samples were collected for the laboratory. Automate Viral RNA extraction was performed on the Maxwell 48 RSC Extraction System (Promega, USA) using the Maxwell RSC Viral Total Nucleic Acid Purification kit (Promega, USA). After RNA extraction, the samples were amplified on a 7500 real-time PCR (Applied Biosystems, USA) using the genesig® Real-Time PCR Assay 2G (Primer Design, UK). RESULTS The living and deceased patients selected for the research presented decreased vitamin D levels, which are associated with increased levels of D-dimers, C reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These patients had a severe form of the SARS-CoV-2 disease, which led to death. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that deficiency of vitamin D in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 presents a major risk factor related to the evolution and severity of the disease.
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Mocanu A, Lazureanu V, Cut T, Laza R, Musta V, Nicolescu N, Marinescu A, Nelson-Twakor A, Dumache R, Mederle O. Angiocatheter Decompression on a Covid-19 Patient with severe Pneumonia, Pneumothorax, and Subcutaneous Emphysema. Clin Lab 2022; 68. [DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2022.220147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dumache R, Lascu A, Popa C, Ciocan V, Mihailescu A, Grecu D, Dobrescu A, Enache A, Arghirescu S. Molecular Monitoring of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Fanconi Anemia. Clin Lab 2022; 68. [DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2021.210902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Dumache R, Puiu M, Mihailescu A, Enache A. Detection of Mutations in Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) Loci in Paternity Testing in Romanian Population. Clin Lab 2021; 66. [PMID: 32776756 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2020.200103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In forensic genetics, mutation analysis for different short tandem repeat (STR) loci is important for paternity and maternity testing. The aim of this study is determining the most frequent loci with mutations in a population of 743 individuals in western Romania in 246 kinship cases. These include 240 paternity and 6 maternity tests analyzed at the Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania. The study was conducted between January 1, 2017, to January 1, 2020. The study aims to analyze the mutation rates for 15 autosomal markers used in this type of testing. The following loci were included in our study: D3S1358, D8S1179, D18S51, D21S11, FGA, TH01, vWA, CSF1PO, D7S820, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, TPOX, D5S818. METHODS For the reference samples, we used saliva collected on buccal swabs from all individuals. Salivary DNA was quantified on the 7500 real-time PCR equipment (Thermo Scientific, USA). Further, amplification of the DNA samples was performed on a ProFlex PCR System (Thermo Scientific, USA) using Identifiler Plus PCR Am-plification kit (Thermo Scientific, USA). Fragment analysis was performed on the 3500 Genetic Analyzer (Thermo Scientific, USA). The genetic profiles were generated by GeneMapper ID-X software version 1.4 (Thermo Scientific, USA). RESULTS The mutation events in paternity testing were observed in 10 out of the 15 analyzed loci: D21S11, D18S51, D16S539, D8S1179, FGA, D2S441, D19S433, D2S1338, D3S1358, D5S818 and vWA. Paternal mutations were more frequent (63%) than maternal mutations (37%). CONCLUSIONS The results confirm that the mutation rate in paternity tests are more frequent during paternal meiosis compared to maternal.
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Dumache R, Stoicanescu D, Muresan C, Ciocan V, Enache A. Circulating Cell-Free Plasma DNA in Noninvasive Prenatal Paternity Testing with Short Tandem Repeats (STRs). Clin Lab 2021; 66. [PMID: 33337845 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2020.200337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paternity relationship can be established using STR markers in a minimally invasive manner during the prenatal period in the early weeks of pregnancy or in advanced pregnancy using circulating cell-free DNA (ccf DNA) drawn from the mother. The aim of our presentation is to demonstrate the advantages of ccf plasma DNA in establishing the paternity of an unborn child. Between mother and the alleged father (AF) of the fetus, an avuncular relationship as uncle-niece exists. METHODS As biological samples, saliva was collected with buccal swabs from the mother and AF. For the fetus, we separated plasma from drawn blood from the mother, and further, we isolated ccf DNA from the mother's plasma sample. The DNA samples were quantified on a 7500 ABI Real-Time PCR using Investigator Quantiplex Pro Kit (Qiagen, Germany). Genotyping of the DNA samples was performed on a ProFlex PCR System (Thermo Scientific, USA) using the multiplex STR markers from Global Filer PCR Amplification Kit (Thermo Scientific, USA). Further, PCR products were run on capillary electrophoresis on an ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, USA). RESULTS The AF was confirmed as the biological father of the child, with a probability of paternity (PP) = 99.99999% and a cumulative paternity index (CPI) = 8.300 x 103. CONCLUSIONS In the case of advanced pregnancies from sexual assaults or incestuous relationships, the use of ccf DNA to establish the genetic profile of the fetus represents an advantage for establishing the paternity relationship between the fetus and AF. The method proves its efficiency as it has the advantage of speed of probation through forensic genetic expertise.
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Cut TG, Tudoran C, Lazureanu VE, Marinescu AR, Dumache R, Tudoran M. Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum, Pneumothorax, Pneumopericardium and Subcutaneous Emphysema-Not So Uncommon Complications in Patients with COVID-19 Pulmonary Infection-A Series of Cases. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1346. [PMID: 33805118 PMCID: PMC8036962 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (PM), pneumothorax (PT), and pneumopericardium (PP) were recently reported as rare complications in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, and our study aims to follow the evolution of these involvements in 11 cases. The presumed pathophysiological mechanism is air leak due to extensive diffuse alveolar damage followed by alveolar rupture. (2) Methods: We followed the occurrence of PM, PN, PP, and subcutaneous emphysema (SE) in 1648 patients hospitalized during the second outbreak of COVID-19 (October 2020-January 2021) in the main hospital of infectious diseases of our county and recorded their demographic data, laboratory investigations and clinical evolution. (3) Results: Eleven patients (0.66%) developed PM, with eight of them having associated PT, one PP, and seven SE, in the absence of mechanical ventilation. Eight patients (72.72%) died and only three (27.27%) survived. All subjects were nonsmokers, without known pulmonary pathology or risk factors for such complications. (4) Conclusions: pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and pneumopericardium are not so uncommon complications of SARS-CoV2 pneumonia, being observed mostly in male patients with severe forms and associated with prolonged hospitalization and poor prognosis. In some cases, with mild forms and reduced pulmonary injury, the outcome is favorable, not requiring surgical procedures, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talida Georgiana Cut
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (T.G.C.); (V.E.L.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Cristina Tudoran
- Department VII, Internal Medicine II, Discipline of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- County Emergency Hospital “ Pius Brinzeu”, L. Rebreanu Str., Nr. 156, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center of Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Voichita Elena Lazureanu
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (T.G.C.); (V.E.L.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Adelina Raluca Marinescu
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (T.G.C.); (V.E.L.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Raluca Dumache
- Department VIII, Discipline of Forensic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Mariana Tudoran
- Department VII, Internal Medicine II, Discipline of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- County Emergency Hospital “ Pius Brinzeu”, L. Rebreanu Str., Nr. 156, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center of Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Dumache R, Daescu E, Ciocan V, Mureşan C, Talida C, Gavrilita D, Enache A. Molecular Testing of SARS-CoV-2 Infection from Blood Samples in Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and Elevated D-Dimer Levels. Clin Lab 2021; 67. [PMID: 33491434 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2020.200704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 virus spread worldwide and infected more that 10 million people, causing more than 500,000 deaths worldwide. The infection has systemic effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems; thus, patients can present a variety of symptoms from asymptomatic to rapid deaths. In this paper, we present the first case of post-mortem SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing in Western part of Romania in a deceased with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and elevated D-dimer levels. METHODS During the autopsy which took place at the Institute of Forensic Medicine from Timisoara, Romania, blood sample was collected in a vacutainer with EDTA and sent to the Laboratory of Forensic Genetics from Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania. Viral RNA extraction was performed automated on the Maxwell 48 RSC Extraction System (Promega, USA) using the Maxwell RSC Viral Total Nucleic Acid Purification kit (Promega, USA). After RNA extraction, the samples were amplified on a 7500 real-time PCR (Applied Biosystems, USA) using the genesig® Real-Time PCR Assay (Primer Design, UK). RESULTS The molecular testing showed a cycle threshold value of 23.4 (1.2 x 106 copies/mL), indicating increased viral loads, which correlated with the laboratory analysis results, especially with D-dimer levels. CONCLUSIONS In cases of coagulopathy of SARS-CoV-2, patients in hospitals should be monitored closely for thrombosis development. Thus D-dimer can be used as prognostic marker in monitoring the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.
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Dumache R, Puiu M, Parvanescu R, Rogobete AF, Enache A. Advantages of Chromosome X-STRs Markers in Solving a Father-Daughter Paternity Case with one Mismatch on SE33 Locus. Clin Lab 2019; 65. [PMID: 31532110 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2019.190207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic markers are routinely used in human identification of paternity, maternity, and kinship cases. We describe a DNA paternity case with one mismatch on SE33 locus between the alleged father (AF) and the child (daughter). Because there was a father-daughter relationship to solve this case we used chromosome X-STRs markers too. METHODS As reference samples we used saliva collected from inside the cheek of each person using buccal swabs (Copan, Italy). The DNA samples were quantified on a 7500 ABI real-time PCR using the Investigator Quantiplex Pro Kit (Qiagen, Germany). Salivary DNA samples were amplified on a ProFlex PCR System (ThermoFischer, USA) using the multiplex STR markers from the AmpF/STR® NGM Select PCR Amplification Kit (Thermo-Fischer, USA) and Investigator® Argus X-12 QS kit markers (Qiagen, Germany). PCR products were run on capillary electrophoresis on an ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer (ThermoFischer, USA). RESULTS The AF was excluded from paternity on STRs markers due to one mismatch on SE33 locus. To confirm or exclude the paternity, we used the chromosome X-STRs markers, obtaining a perfect match between the AF and his daughter. CONCLUSIONS In paternity testing, where one or two mismatches are present between the child (daughter) and the AF on different loci on STR markers, the use of chromosome X-STRs is needed for the confirmation or exclusion of paternity.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common type of oral cancer, and represents more than 90% of malignancies of the oral cavity. Worldwide, each year about 275,000 are newly diagnosed. If detected at an early stage, OSCC has a survival rate of up to 80% compared to the detection in later stages (T3-T4) when a survival rate of 20 - 30% is present. METHODS Because OSCC presents these survival rates, there is an urgent need to introduce new non-invasive molecular biomarkers for the early detection of OSCC from saliva, which will contribute to an increased long term survival rate for these patients. RESULTS MicroRNAs represent small, non-coding RNAs that have important roles in biochemical mechanisms, carcinogenesis, cell proliferation, embryogenesis, and other mechanisms involved at the molecular level in the functioning of the human body. CONCLUSIONS In the last decade, due to the fact that forensic genetics developed significantly, salivary microRNAs were increasingly studied as non-invasive molecular biomarkers which could aid in early diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of oral cancers. This review will present the most important salivary microRNAs which are involved in oral carcinogenesis, especially those which could be used as potential biomarkers in early detection, monitoring, and prognosis of oral cancers by non-invasive techniques.
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Muresan CO, Zavoi R, Ciocan V, Dumache R, Parvanescu R, Enache A. Carboxyhemoglobin Detection in the Periorificial Tissues as an Accurate Method for Identifying the Gunshot Entrance Wound. Rev Chim 2019. [DOI: 10.37358/rc.19.4.7099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the main objectives of the forensic expertise in gunshot injuries is establishing the direction of the shooting. The first step of the process is represented by studying the macroscopic differences in the morphology of the entrance and exit wounds, which in most cases suffice for the differential diagnosis between entrance and exit wound. In some cases, making the difference by using morphology alone is not possible, because the two wounds may present common or peculiar features. In these cases, analytical investigations can help in solving this important aspect of the case investigation. The detection of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in the perilesional tissues is one of the differentiation criteria between entry and exit wound. In some cases of short range shooting included in our study group, we determined the COHb concentration in blood sampled from the entrance wound. COHb values ranged between 10% and 60%. Given the known chemical stability of COHb, its determination can also prove useful in the examination of putrefied bodies, where the morphology of the gunshot wounds is more or less altered, depending on the stage of putrefaction.
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Bedreag OH, Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Cradigati CA, Sarandan M, Popovici SE, Dumache R, Horhat FG, Vernic C, Sima LV, Luca L, Papurica M. Modulation of the Redox Expression and Inflammation Response in the Critically Ill Polytrauma Patient with Thoracic Injury. Statistical Correlations between Antioxidant Therapy. Clin Lab 2018; 62:1747-1759. [PMID: 28164593 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2016.160206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the major causes of mortality in the world is represented by multiple traumas. Thoracic trauma is commonly associated with polytraumas. A series of physiopathological complications follow polytraumas, leading to a significant decrease in the survival rate. As a result of injuries, significant quantities of free radicals (FR) are produced, responsible for oxidative stress (OS). To minimize the effects of OS, we recommend the administration of antioxidant substances. In this study we want to highlight statistically significant correlations between antioxidant therapy and a series of clinical variables. METHODS This retrospective study included 132 polytrauma patients admitted to the ICU-CA between January 2013 and December 2014. The selection criteria were: injury severity score (ISS) ≥ 16, ≥ 18 years, presence of thoracic trauma (abbreviated injury scale, AIS ≥ 3). Eligible patients (n = 82) were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 32, antioxidant free, patients from 2013) and Group 2 (n = 50 antioxidant therapy, patients from 2014). Antioxidant therapy consisted in the administration of vitamin C (i.v.), vitamin B1 (i.v.), and N-acetylcysteine (i.v.). Clinical and biological tests were repeated until discharge from ICU-CA or death. RESULTS Between Group 1 and Group 2 statistically significant differences were highlighted regarding the ISS score (p = 0.0030). 66% of patients from Group 2 were admitted at more than 24 hours after the trauma, in contrast to the patients from Group 1, where 62.5% were directly admitted to the ICU (p = 0.0114). Compared with the patients from Group 1, patients who received antioxidant therapy show improved parameters: leukocytes (p < 0.0001), platelets (p = 0.0489), urea (p = 0.0199), total bilirubin (p = 0.0111), alanine transaminase (p = 0.0010), lactat dehydrogenase (p < 0.0001). Between the two groups there were no statistically significant differences regarding the length of stay in the ICU-CA (p = 0.4697) and mortality (p = 0.1865). CONCLUSIONS Following the study, we can affirm that due to the administration of antioxidant substances, posttraumatic complications are greatly reduced. Moreover, the administration of high dose of antioxidants remarkably improves the clinical status of the critical patient.
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Dumache R, Puiu M, Pusztai AM, Parvanescu R, Enache A. A Single Step Mutation at D3S1358 Locus in a DNA Paternity Testing with 2 Alleged Fathers. Clin Lab 2018; 64:1561-1571. [PMID: 30274029 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2018.180423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic information is used very frequently in human identification in civil or judicial cases. Establishing the kinship relationship between a child and his biological father involves many ethical facts. We describe a DNA paternity case with two alleged fathers and an inconsistency between alleged father-2 and the child at D3S1358 locus. METHODS As biological samples we used saliva collected from inside the cheek of each person using buccal swabs (Copan, Italy). We collected the biological samples from each of person after each person gave the consent. In order to find the concentration of salivary DNA, the DNA samples were quantified by 7500 ABI Real-time PCR using the Quantifiler Human DNA kit (Applied Biosystems, USA). The next step was the amplification of the Salivary DNA samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It was performed on a ProFlex PCR System (Applied Biosystems, USA) using the multiplex STR markers from the AmpFlSTR® Identifiler Plus Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems, USA). After amplification, the PCR products were run on capillary electrophoresis on an ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, USA). RESULTS AF-1 was excluded as biological father. The DNA profiles of AF-2 and the child had one mismatch at D3S1358 locus. Further, we amplified the Y-STR markers to confirm the mutation, obtaining a perfect match between the 2 persons. CONCLUSIONS In paternity testing, where one or two inconsistencies are present between the child and the alleged father on autosomal STR markers, the use of haploid markers X-STR or Y-STRs is needed for the confirmation or exclusion of paternity.
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Dumache R, Enache A, Barbarii L, Constantinescu C, Pascalau A, Jinca C, Arghirescu S. Chimerism Monitoring by Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Markers in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Clin Lab 2018; 64:1535-1543. [PMID: 30274026 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2018.180409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (allo-HSC) transplantation is used in the treatment of malignant hematological diseases. An important tool in monitoring post-transplantation evolution is represented by the percentage of donor's blood cells found in recipient's blood, known as chimersim. This is useful in predicting the graft rejection and the risk of disease relapse. In this study, we present the importance of multiplex STR markers in chimerism monitoring of a 8 year old girl diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). METHODS In the pre-transplant stage, saliva on buccal swabs and blood samples in EDTA were collected from the donor and recipient and used as reference samples. The DNA extraction from saliva and blood samples was done using the Pure Link Genomic DNA kit (Invitrogen, USA). For the DNA quantification, the Quantifiler Human DNA kit (Applied Biosystems, USA) was used on an ABI 7500 Real-time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, USA). Amplification of the STR markers was performed using the AmpFLSTR NGM SElect kit (Applied Biosystems, USA) on a ProFlex PCR System. The PCR products were separated and detected on an ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosytems, USA). RESULTS One month post-transplantation of HSC, a mixed chimerism (MC) containing 38% of donor's cells was obtained from a bone marrow aspiration sample. On the 45th day, a new transplantation was performed. On the 15th day after 2nd transplantation, a MC with 91% donor's cells was obtained. On the 21st day after the 2nd transplantation, a complete chimerism (CC) with 100% donor's cells was obtained. CONCLUSIONS Chimerism monitoring is useful in identifying those patients in risk for relapse or graft rejection.
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Negoita SI, Sandesc D, Rogobete AF, Dutu M, Bedreag OH, Papurica M, Ercisli MF, Popovici SE, Dumache R, Sandesc M, Dinu A, Sas AM, Serban D, Corneci D. miRNAs Expressions and Interaction with Biological Systems in Patients with Alzheimer`s Disease. Using miRNAs as a Diagnosis and Prognosis Biomarker. Clin Lab 2018; 63:1315-1321. [PMID: 28879701 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2017.170327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high percentage of patients develop Alzheimer`s disease (AD). The main signs are loss of memory and cognitive functions which have a significant impact on lifestyle. Numerous studies have been conducted to identify new biomarkers for early diagnosis of patients with AD. An ideal biomarker is represented by the expression of miRNAs. In this paper, we want to summarize expressions miRNAs in AD. We also want to present the pathophysiological and genetic interactions of miRNAs with protein systems in these patients. METHODS For the study, we examined available studies in scientific databases, such as PubMed and Scopus. The studies were searched using the keywords "miRNAs expression", "Alzheimer`s disease", "genetic polymorphisms", and "genetic biomarkers". RESULTS For the assessment and monitoring of patients with AD, the expression of miRNAs can be used successfully due to increased specificity and selectivity. Moreover, the expression of miRNAs can provide important answers regarding possible genetic interactions and genetic therapeutic regimens. CONCLUSIONS For the evaluation and non-invasive monitoring of patients with Alzheimer`s disease the expression of miRNAs can be successfully used.
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Dumache R, Ciocan V, Muresan C, Enache A. Importance of Autosomal and Y-STR Markers in Establishing Sibling Relationship by DNA Genotyping. Clin Lab 2018; 64:1183-1192. [PMID: 30146844 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2018.180135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was the identification of an unknown person found in an advanced decomposed state using DNA samples provided by two alleged brothers as reference samples. To obtain an increased reliability of the test, we used autosomal and Y-STR markers. METHODS Tissue fragments were obtained for the DNA isolation during the autopsy examination from the unidentified person. DNA was isolated from the reference samples obtained from buccal swabs of the two alleged brothers. The DNA was isolated from the biological samples using PureLink Genomic DNA (Invitrogen, USA). The quantification of the DNA samples was done on an ABI 7500 real-time PCR system with HID Analysis software v1.2 incorporated. For DNA amplification we used the multiplex PCR kit AmpFlSTR Identifiler Plus Kit for autosomal STR markers and AmpFlSTR Y-filer PCR Amplification Kit for the Y-STR markers. Further, we separated the DNA products on an ABI 3500 genetic analyzer. Gene Mapper ID-X version 1.4 software was used to visualize the DNA fragments. Data interpretation was done using the Kinship Examination of GenoProof-3 (qualitype, Dresden, Germany). RESULTS We obtained genetic profiles for the three alleged brothers on autosomal and Y-STR markers and, thus, could establish a full sibling relationship between them. CONCLUSIONS Since the introduction of DNA in human identification, it represents a useful tool in establishing sibling relationship from different biological samples.
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Papurica M, Rogobete AF, Cradigati CA, Sarandan M, Dumache R, Bratu LM, Popovici SE, Sandesc D, Vernic C, Bedreag OH. Using the Expression of miRNAs as Biomarkers for the Evaluation Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the Critically Ill Polytrauma Patient. Clin Lab 2017; 62:1405-1411. [PMID: 28164622 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2016.160138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high percentage of critically ill polytrauma patients develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), both because of the primary traumatic injuries and because of the secondary post-traumatic injuries. For adequate management of these patients, new complex evaluation and monitoring methods are needed, methods that could answer as many questions as possible regarding the pathophysiological changes associated with ARDS. Currently, a series of clinical and biochemical markers are being used which unfortunately do not respond to the needs of an intensive care clinician. Therefore, the changes of miRNAs have been intensely researched in the case of patients with ARDS. Moreover, using them as biomarkers for ARDS brings a series of answers regarding the pathophysiological changes associated to ARDS, making them biomarkers of the future in laboratory medicine. METHODS In order for this research study to be carried out the literature found on Scopus and PubMed on the topic was consulted, up to the year 2015. The key words used for the articles were "acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS", "biomarkers for ARDS", "critically ill polytrauma patients", "miRNAs expression in ARDS", "miRNAs expression in sepsis", "miRNAs in critically ill patients" and "miRNAs biomarker". Research articles in English, German, and French were included in the search. RESULTS Following the search using the above mentioned key words, 567 articles were found. After a rigorous analysis of these articles 55 of them were selected for our study. CONCLUSIONS Using miRNAs for the evaluation and monitoring of ARDS makes them a biomarker of the future, because of the complex answers they bring to questions related both to the main injury caused by ARDS and to the associated pathophysiology.
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Bedreag OH, Papurica M, Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Dumache R, Cradigati CA, Sarandan M, Bratu LM, Popovici SE, Sima LV. Using Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers for the Evaluation and Monitoring of the Mitochondrial Damage in the Critically Ill Polytrauma Patients. Clin Lab 2017; 62:1397-1403. [PMID: 28164614 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2016.160121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multiple-traumatic critical patient presents a variety of pathophysiological, cellular, and molecular dysfunctions. One of the most important is represented by mitochondrial damage which afterwards is responsible for the augmentation and worsening of a series of pathologies that lead to the worsening of the clinical status of the patient. The severe inflammatory response, sepsis, and the redox imbalance are other pathologies that together with the multiple traumas are responsible for the mitochondrial dysfunctions. As an overview, we can say that both the mitochondrial damage as well as the clinical statuses of those patients are responsible for an increase in the chances of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death of critical patients with multiple trauma from the Intensive Care Units (ICU). In this paper we wish to summarize the microRNAs that can be used as biomarkers for evaluation and monitoring of the mitochondrial activity in critical patients with multiple traumas. METHODS For the paper, literature available in the international databases PubMed and Scopus until the year 2015 has been consulted. The key words used for the article search were "mitochondrial damage", "microRNAs biomarkers", and "critically ill polytrauma patients". RESULTS As a result of the research based on the key words presented above, we found 234 papers. From those, after rigorous analysis 64 were selected as being in conformity with the needs of this paper. CONCLUSIONS The critical polytrauma patient needs a specific evaluation and monitoring due to the complexity of the dysfunctions that appear at the cellular level. The use of microRNAs as biomarkers for the mitochondrial damage can be of real use for intensive care medicine. Nevertheless, more studies are required in order to determine a larger panel of microRNAs which can have an impact on mitochondrial damage.
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Papurica M, Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Cradigati CA, Sarandan M, Dumache R, Horhat FG, Bratu LM, Nitu R, Crisan DC, Horhat DI, Popovici ES, Tanasescu S, Daliborca V, Boruga O, Bedreag OH. Using the Expression of Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern (DAMP) for the Evaluation and Monitoring of the Critically Ill Polytrauma Patient. Clin Lab 2017; 62:1829-1840. [PMID: 28164521 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2016.160226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The critically ill polytrauma patient continues to be one of the most complex cases in the intensive care unit (ICU). The molecular damage is closely connected with the severe, specific pathophysiological imbalances, such as severe inflammation, infections, hypermetabolism, oxidative stress, and ultimately multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). METHODS The literature available on PubMed and Scopus was analysed for this study. The key words used in the search were "biomarkers in critically ill patients", "molecular damage", "sepsis biomarkers", "miRNAs biomarkers", and "oxidative stress". RESULTS After reviewing the available literature, 133 science articles were selected. According to recent studies, the gold goal in the management of the critically ill patient is the optimization of intensive care therapy dependent on the molecular damage. CONCLUSIONS Furthermore, evaluation, monitoring, and therapy adaptation in this type of patient is closely related to the biochemical and molecular disorders.
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Dumache R, Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Bedreag OH, Ciocan V, Muresan C, Stan AT, Sandesc M, Dinu A, Popovici SE, Enache A. Use of Circulating and Cellular miRNAs Expression in Forensic Sciences. Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/jim-2017-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The current practice in the field of forensic medicine imposes the use of modern investigation techniques. The complexity of laboratory investigation methods needed for a final result of the investigation in forensic medicine needed new biomarkers of higher specificity and selectivity. Such biomarkers are the microRNAs (miRNAs), short, non-coding RNAs composed of 19–24 nucleotides. Their characteristics, such as high stability, selectivity, and specificity for biological fluids, differ from tissue to tissue and for certain pathologies, turning them into the ideal candidate for laboratory techniques used in forensic medicine. In this paper, we wish to highlight the biochemical properties and the usefulness of miRNAs in forensic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Dumache
- Department of Forensic Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Faculty of Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care , “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency County Hospital , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Faculty of Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care , “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency County Hospital , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Faculty of Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care , “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency County Hospital , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Veronica Ciocan
- Department of Forensic Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Camelia Muresan
- Department of Forensic Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Adrian Tudor Stan
- Department of Forensic Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Mihai Sandesc
- Department of Forensic Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Anca Dinu
- Department of Forensic Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Department of Forensic Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
| | - Alexandra Enache
- Department of Forensic Medicine , “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Timișoara , Romania
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Bedreag OH, Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Cradigati CA, Sarandan M, Nartita R, Dumache R, Diaconu MM, Papurica M. The Effects of Homocysteine Level in the Critically Ill Patient. A Review. Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/jim-2016-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Increased levels of homocysteine (HCYS) represent a risk factor for a series of physiopathological conditions: mental retardation, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, depression, osteoporosis, endothelial dysfunction and inhibition of cell proliferation. This paper aims to present the pathophysiological implications of HCYS and the correlation of hyperhomocysteinemia (H-HCYS) with critical condition in the intensive care unit (ICU). Hypovitaminosis B and folate deficiency is directly involved in the inhibition of HCYS metabolism and the accumulation of HCYS in the plasma and tissues. Critically ill patients are more prone to H-HCYS due to hypermetabolism and accelerated synthesis produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In conclusion it can be affirmed that the determination and monitoring of HCYS plasma levels may be of interest in optimizing the therapy for critically ill patients. Moreover, by controlling HCYS levels, and implicitly the essential cofactors that intervene in the specific biochemical pathways, such as vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and folic acid can provide a diversified and personalized treatment for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Carmen Alina Cradigati
- “Casa Austria” Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Sarandan
- “Casa Austria” Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Radu Nartita
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology and Geography, West University of Timișoara, Romania
| | - Raluca Dumache
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Mihai Mircea Diaconu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Marius Papurica
- Clinic of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Pius Brinzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timișoara, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of bodies of unknown identity that are victims of exposure to very high temperatures, resulting from fires, plane crashes, and terrorist attacks, represents one of the most difficult sides of forensic genetics, because of the advanced state of decomposition. The aim of this study was the identification of the carbonized cadaver of a fire victim through STR genotyping. METHODS We used blood samples obtained from the iliac artery during the autopsy examination as biological samples from the unidentified victim. After DNA isolation and quantification, we proceeded to its amplification using the multiplex PCR kit AmpFlSTR Identifiler. The DNA products were separated using an ABI 3500 genetic analyzer. Further analysis of the data was done using Gene Mapper ID-X version 1.4 software. RESULTS In this case, it was possible to obtain a complete DNA profile from the biological samples. Due to the fact that the amelogenin gene presented two alleles, X and Y, we concluded that the victim was a man. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that STR profiling of unidentified bodies (carbonized, decomposed) represents a powerful method of human identification in forensic medicine.
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Papurica M, Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Dumache R, Cradigati CA, Sarandan M, Nartita R, Popovici SE, Bedreag OH. Advances in Biomarkers in Critical Ill Polytrauma Patients. Clin Lab 2016; 62:977-86. [PMID: 27468558 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2015.151103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complexity of the cases of critically ill polytrauma patients is given by both the primary, as well as the secondary, post-traumatic injuries. The severe injuries of organ systems, the major biochemical and physiological disequilibrium, and the molecular chaos lead to a high rate of morbidity and mortality in this type of patient. The 'gold goal' in the intensive therapy of such patients resides in the continuous evaluation and monitoring of their clinical status. Moreover, optimizing the therapy based on the expression of certain biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity is extremely important because of the clinical course of the critically ill polytrauma patient. In this paper we wish to summarize the recent studies of biomarkers useful for the intensive care unit (ICU) physician. METHODS For this study the available literature on specific databases such as PubMed and Scopus was thoroughly analyzed. Each article was carefully reviewed and useful information for this study extracted. The keywords used to select the relevant articles were "sepsis biomarker", "traumatic brain injury biomarker" "spinal cord injury biomarker", "inflammation biomarker", "microRNAs biomarker", "trauma biomarker", and "critically ill patients". RESULTS For this study to be carried out 556 original type articles were analyzed, as well as case reports and reviews. For this review, 89 articles with relevant topics for the present paper were selected. The critically ill polytrauma patient, because of the clinical complexity the case presents with, needs a series of evaluations and specific monitoring. Recent studies show a series of either tissue-specific or circulating biomarkers that are useful in the clinical status evaluation of these patients. CONCLUSIONS The biomarkers existing today, with regard to the critically ill polytrauma patient, can bring a significant contribution to increasing the survival rate, by adapting the therapy according to their expressions. Nevertheless, the necessity remains to research new non-invasive diagnostic methods that present with higher specificity and selectivity.
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Minciu R, Dumache R, Gheorghe P, Daminescu L, Rogobete AF, Ionescu D. Molecular Diagnostic of Prostate Cancer From Body Fluids Using Methylation-Specific PCR (MS-PCR) Method. Clin Lab 2016; 62:1183-6. [PMID: 27468582 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2015.151019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide prostate cancer (PCa) represents the 2nd leading cause of cancer related deaths among men. Currently, the screening for early detection of PCa is based on determination of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. But this biomarker presents some disadvantages related to its specificity and sensitivity. In our study, we want to determine if methylation levels of the glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) gene could be used as a new biomarker for the early detection of PCa and to distinguish between malignant and benign pros-tatic lesions. METHODS To determine the methylation levels of the GSTP1 gene, 31 men with histopathological diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma and 34 men with the histopathological diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as controls were included in the study group. The genomic DNA was extracted from urine samples. We analyzed the methylation levels of the GSTP1 gene by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) method. RESULTS In prostate cancer patients 27 of 31 (87%) presented hypermethylated levels of the GSTP1 gene, whereas 4 of 34 (11.8%) BPH patients had hypermethylated levels of the GSTP1 gene. Further, in the case of these four patients a second biopsy was done, which confirmed the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma. Using the receiver operating curve (ROC), we obtained a specificity of 87% and a sensitivity of 98% for the GSTP1 gene. CONCLUSIONS We can conclude that GSTP1 represents a new molecular biomarker which can aid in early detection of PCa and be used to discriminate between benign and malignant prostatic lesions from body fluids by noninvasive methods.
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Minciu R, Tudor A, Pupca G, Daminescu L, Dumache R. Renal Cancer Diagnosed by Noninvasive Methods from Body Fluids by Quantitative Methylation-Specific PCR(qMSP). Clin Lab 2016; 62:1563-1568. [PMID: 28164615 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2016.160130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents the 9th most common malignancy in the world, having an incidence peak in the range of 60 to 70 years of age. Most of these malignancies are detected in an advanced stage. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing new tools composed of biomarkers. METHODS In the present study we measured the promoter methylation of the Ras association domain family 1A gene (RASSF1A) by quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP) in paired urine samples from 13 RC patients and from 13 corresponding controls. RESULTS In RC patients, only 2 of 13 (15.4%) were unmethylated, whereas 11 of 13 (84.6%) were methylated. In the control group all the subjects were unmethylated. We analyzed the receiver operating curve (ROC) and obtained a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 100%, respectively, for the RASSF1A gene. The area under the curve (AUC) was of 0.923. CONCLUSIONS Being involved in the initiation and progression of renal carcinogenesis, RASSF1A gene could aid as a biomarker in the early detection of renal cancer, its prognosis, and in its follow-up.
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Bedreag O, Sandesc D, Chiriac S, Rogobete A, Cradigati A, Sarandan M, Dumache R, Nartita R, Papurica M. The Use of Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers for Oxidative Stress in Critically Ill Polytrauma Patients. Clin Lab 2016; 62:263-74. [DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2015.150740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bratu L, Rogobete A, Papurica M, Sandesc D, Cradigati C, Sarandan M, Dumache R, Popovici S, Crisan D, Stanca H, Tanasescu S, Bedreag O. Literature Research Regarding miRNAs' Expression in the Assessment and Evaluation of the Critically Ill Polytrauma Patient with Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury. Clin Lab 2016; 62:2019-2024. [DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2016.160327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
Worldwide, oral cancers represent the 6th most common type of cancer. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which is the most common type of oral cancer, is present in about 90% of the patients with this malignancy. OSCC presents a survival rate up to 80%, if it is detected in an early stage (T1), but if detected at later stages (T3 - T4) the survival rate decreases to 20 - 30%. Due to these survival rates, it is obvious that there is an urgent need to introduce new molecular biomarkers for the early, noninvasive diagnosis of oral cancers from saliva. These biomarkers will aid in increasing the survival rate of the patients for the long-term. MicroRNAs are part of a class of small, non-coding RNAs that contain 19 - 23 nucleotides. MicroRNAs play an important role in the regulation of biochemical mechanisms, cell proliferation, and other cellular mechanisms in the human body. Recently, due to the developments in the field of molecular genetics, salivary microRNAs became important biomarkers in early detection and monitoring of oral cancers by noninvasive methods. We want to present in this review the most important genetic and epigenetic biomarkers involved in oral carcinogenesis, focusing especially on the salivary microRNAs as biomarkers in early diagnosis of OSCC.
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Dumache R, Ciocan V, Muresan C, Rogobete AF, Enache A. Circulating MicroRNAs as Promising Biomarkers in Forensic Body Fluids Identification. Clin Lab 2015; 61:1129-35. [PMID: 26554231 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2015.150207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In the last 20 years, DNA molecular analysis has become an important tool in forensic investigations. Currently, it is possible to genotype all types of biological traces or micro-traces containing nucleated cells if they are not entirely destroyed, chemically or bacterial. The DNA profiling is based on the short tandem repeats (STR) and aids in human identification from biological samples, but due to the recent advances in molecular genetics, other biomarkers have been proposed to be used in forensic identifications, such as: messenger RNA(mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and DNA methylation. MicroRNAs are part of a class of small, non-coding RNAs that contain 19 - 23 nucleotides. MicroRNAs play an important role in the regulation of biochemical mechanisms, cell proliferation and other cellular mechanisms in the human body. The level of microRNAs in blood and other body fluids (urine, saliva, sweat) increases as a consequence of altered pathophysiological mechanisms and tissue insult. Moreover, the stability and specificity of microRNAs make them ideal candidates for circulating biomarkers in forensic bioanalytical procedures. In this review, we want to present a brief overview of biogenesis, functions, and applications of miRNAs in the identification of forensic body fluids.
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Bedreag OH, Rogobete AF, Dumache R, Sarandan M, Cradigati AC, Papurica M, Craciunescu MC, Popa DM, Luca L, Nartita R, Sandesc D. Use of circulating microRNAs as biomarkers in critically ill polytrauma patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bgm.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Dumache R, Rogobete AF, Bedreag OH, Sarandan M, Cradigati AC, Papurica M, Dumbuleu CM, Nartita R, Sandesc D. Use of miRNAs as biomarkers in sepsis. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2015; 2015:186716. [PMID: 26221578 PMCID: PMC4499375 DOI: 10.1155/2015/186716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the most common causes of death in critical patients. Severe generalized inflammation, infections, and severe physiological imbalances significantly decrease the survival rate with more than 50%. Moreover, monitoring, evaluation, and therapy management often become extremely difficult for the clinician in this type of patients. Current methods of diagnosing sepsis vary based especially on the determination of biochemical-humoral markers, such as cytokines, components of the complement, and proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory compounds. Recent studies highlight the use of new biomarkers for sepsis, namely, miRNAs. miRNAs belong to a class of small, noncoding RNAs with an approximate content of 19-23 nucleotides. Following biochemical and physiological imbalances, the expression of miRNAs in blood or other body fluids changes significantly. Moreover, its stability, specificity, and selectivity make miRNAs ideal candidates for sepsis biomarkers. In conclusion, we can affirm that stable species of circulating miRNAs represent potential biomarkers for monitoring the evolution of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Dumache
- Department of Forensic Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, and Geography, West University of Timisoara, 300115 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Sarandan
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care “Casa Austria”, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alina Carmen Cradigati
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care “Casa Austria”, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Papurica
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Corina Maria Dumbuleu
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Nartita
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, and Geography, West University of Timisoara, 300115 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Bardan R, Dumache R, Dema A, Cumpanas A, Bucuras V. The role of prostatic inflammation biomarkers in the diagnosis of prostate diseases. Clin Biochem 2014; 47:909-15. [PMID: 24560954 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are chronic conditions, which are hormone-dependent and epidemiologically associated with prostate inflammation. As a large number of studies have demonstrated, the stimulation of T-cells at the level of prostatic chronic inflammatory infiltrates is followed by stromal and epithelial cell proliferation. The aim of this review is to present the actual level of knowledge in the field of prostatic immune response and chronic inflammation, and to analyze the relationships between chronic inflammation and BPH/PCa. The most studied prostatic inflammation biomarkers detected in biological fluids are also presented, together with their potential roles in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Bardan
- Department of Urology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Raluca Dumache
- Department of Biochemistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alis Dema
- Department of Pathology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alin Cumpanas
- Department of Urology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Viorel Bucuras
- Department of Urology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
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Dumache R, Puiu M, Motoc M, Vernic C, Dumitrascu V. Prostate Cancer Molecular Detection in Plasma Samples by Glutathione S-Transferase P1 (GSTP1) Methylation Analysis. Clin Lab 2014; 60:847-52. [DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2013.130701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Dumache R, Puiu M, Minciu R, Bardan R, David D, Tudor A, Bumbăcilă B. Retinoic acid receptor β2 (RARβ2): nonivasive biomarker for distinguishing malignant versus benign prostate lesions from bodily fluids. Chirurgia (Bucur) 2012; 107:780-784. [PMID: 23294958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Alterations in the methylation patterns of promoter CpG islands have been associated with the transcriptional inhibition of genes in many human cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa). OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of aberrant promoter hypermethylation of retinoic acid receptor β2 (RARβ2) gene in serum DNA samples from patients with the diagnosis of PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as a new epigenetic biomarker in distinguishing between malignant and non-malignant lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aberrant promoter hypermethylation was investigated in genomic DNA isolated from the serum of 91 patients diagnosed with of PCa and 94 with BPH (control subjects). In order to evaluate the methylation status of the RARβ2 gene we used the quantitative methylation-specific PCR (QMSP) method. RESULTS Promoter hypermethylation of RARβ2 gene was detected in serum samples from 89 of 91 (92.86%) patients with PCa, and in 10 of the 94 (10.7%) patients with BPH. CONCLUSIONS RARβ2 represents a promising molecular biomarker which may be used in discriminating between malignant and benign prostatic diseases by noninvasive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dumache
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Victor Babeş", Timişoara, Romania.
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Dumache R, Puiu M, Tudor A, Negru S, Popescu S, Ioja-Boldura OM, Bumbacila B. Cell-free DNA, a novel noninvasive biomarker in prostate malignancy. Toxicol Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dumache R, Puiu M, Negru S, Minciu R, Bucur A, Bumbacila B. Molecular diagnosis of bladder cancer from body fluids by methylation-specific PCR. Toxicol Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dumache R, Motoc M, Ionescu D, Negru S, Kaycsa A, David D, Puiu M. Minimally invasive detection of prostate cancer by GSTP1 hypermethylation. Toxicol Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Minciu R, Bumbacila B, Negru S, Tudor A, Cumpanas A, Puiu M, Dumache R. UP-02.082 Diagnostic Role of GSTP1 CpG Island Hypermethylation Detection in Prostate Cancer Patients. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Dumache R, Minciu R, Bumbacila B, Tudor A, Negru S, Cumpanas A, Puiu M. UP-02.183 Applicability of PCA3 Gene in the Molecular Detection of Prostate Cancer. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dumache R, David D, Kaycsa A, Minciu R, Negru S, Puiu M. Genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for early detection, therapeutic effectiveness and relapse monitoring in bladder cancer. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2011; 115:163-167. [PMID: 21682190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Urinary bladder cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the Western world and is responsible for about 3% of all cancer-related deaths. Because most advanced invasive or metastatic cancers have low cure rates, risk assessment and early detection of the clinically occult premalignant phases of neoplasia are a particular importance. Many tumor biomarkers for bladder cancer have been evaluated for use in detecting and monitoring bladder cancers tissue specimens, bladder washes, and urine specimens but, none of the biomarkers reported to date has shown sufficient sensitivity and specificity to detect the entire spectrum of bladder cancers in routine clinical practice. The limitations of established prognostic markers requires us to identify better molecular parameters that could be of interest in predicting the prognosis of bladder cancer patients, in particular, the high-risk patient groups that are at risk of progression and recurrence. Methylation is an important molecular mechanism in the development of bladder cancer and could be used as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker, because hypermethylation of several gene promoters was detected in urine sediment DNA from bladder cancer patients. Aberrant patterns of epigenetic modification could be, in the near future, crucial indicators in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and additionally could be good targets for developing novel therapies while maintaining quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Dumache
- School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "V. Babeş" Timişoara
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Dumache R, Miclea F, Bumblăcilă B, Puiu M. Clinical applications of molecular biomarkers in prostate cancer detection. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2010; 114:470-475. [PMID: 20700989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease with regard to molecular alterations and clinical course. Early diagnosis of prostate cancer can increase the curative success rate for this disease. Because of the recent developments in the field of molecular biology, an increased interest occurred for molecular biomarkers, as tools for early prostate cancer detection, monitoring disease progression, predicting disease recurrence and therapeutic treatment efficacy. Many molecular biomarkers have been discovered in human serum, urine, seminal fluid and histological specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Dumache
- V. Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry
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Dumache R, Puiu M, David D, Popovici M, Kaycsa A, Negru S, Miclea F. The importance of clinical application of molecular biomarkers in bladder cancer detection. Maedica (Bucur) 2010; 5:124-127. [PMID: 21977135 PMCID: PMC3150003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It is known that high throughput technologies facilitate the identification of new molecular targets and biomarkers specific for bladder cancer.The new field of molecular medicine promises that clinical outcomes will be improved by directing therapy toward the molecular mechanisms and targets associated with the growth of the patient's tumor.The great challenge remains to improve the measurement of these targets and to translate this wealth of discovery into clinical management of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Dumache
- Department of Biochemistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria Puiu
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dana David
- Department of Biochemistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marinela Popovici
- Department of Pharmacology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adriana Kaycsa
- Department of Biochemistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Florin Miclea
- Department of Urology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
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Dumache R, Puiu M, Miclea D, Bumbacila B, Miclea F. Applicabillity of noninvasive biomarkers in prostate cancer diagnosis. Maedica (Bucur) 2010; 5:41-44. [PMID: 21977117 PMCID: PMC3150079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer represents the second leading cause of male cancer-related deaths worldwide. Better indicators of the presence of prostate cancer are needed to avoid unnecessary treatment, predict disease course and develop more effective therapy. Many molecular biomarkers have been described in human serum, urine, seminal fluid and histological specimens that exhibit varying capacities to detect prostate cancer and predict disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Dumache
- Department of Biochemistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria Puiu
- Department of Medical Genetics, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dragos Miclea
- IVDepartment of Urology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Bumbacila
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Florin Miclea
- IVDepartment of Urology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
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