Oxyresveratrol-β-cyclodextrin mitigates streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's model cognitive impairment, histone deacetylase activity in rats: in silico & in vivo studies

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with cognitive deficits and epigenetic deacetylation that can be modulated by natural products. The role of natural oxyresveratrol-β-cyclodextrin (ORV) on cognition and histone deacetylase activity in AD is unclear. Herein, in-silico docking and molecular dynamics simulation analysis determined that oxyresveratrol potentially targets histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC2). We therefore evaluated the in vivo ameliorative effect of ORV against cognitive deficit, cerebral and hippocampal expression of HDAC in experimental AD rats. Intracerebroventricular injection of STZ (3 mg/kg) induced experimental AD and the rats were treated with low dose (200 mg/kg), high dose (400 mg/kg) of ORV and donepezil (10 mg/kg) for 21 days. The STZ-induced AD caused cognitive and behavioural deficits demonstrated by considerable increases in acetylcholinesterase activity and escape latency compared to sham control. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and HDAC activity were significantly increased in AD disease group comparison to the sham. Interestingly, the ORV reversed the cognitive-behavioural deficit and prominently reduced the MDA and HDAC levels comparable to the effect of the standard drug, donepezil. The findings suggest anti-AD role of ORV via antioxidant effect and inhibition of HDAC in the hippocampal and frontal cortical area of rats for AD.