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Sedik AA, Elgohary R, Khalifa E, Khalil WKB, I Shafey H, B Shalaby M, S O Gouida M, M Tag Y. Lauric acid attenuates hepato-metabolic complications and molecular alterations in high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:454-467. [PMID: 38166588 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2301344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a major chronic liver illness characterized by increase of lipid content in the liver. This study investigated the role of lauric acid to treat NAFLD in male adult Sprague Dawley rats. In this study, to induce NAFLD in the rats, a high-fat diet (HFD) was administered for eight consecutive weeks. Lauric acid groups received lauric acid (250 and 500 mg/kg; orally), concurrently with HFD for eight consecutive weeks. Lauric acid could ameliorate the serum levels of TG, TC, ALT, AST, blood glucose, and insulin. Moreover, lauric acid significantly elevated the levels of SOD, GSH, catalase, and IL-10. Additionally, it lowered the hepatic levels of MDA, ROS, MPO, 4-HNE, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Furthermore, lauric acid significantly up-regulated the hepatic expression of IRS1, AMPK, PI3K, and SIRT1 genes. In parallel, lauric acid could improve the histopathological picture of the liver and reduce the liver apoptosis via decreasing the expression of annexin V (Anx V). Finally, our data proposed that lauric acid could be an effective candidate for the NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Sedik
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Khalifa
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Heba I Shafey
- Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed B Shalaby
- Toxicology Research Department, Research Institute of Medical Entomology (RIME), General Organisation of Teaching Hospitals and Institutes (GOTHI), Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona S O Gouida
- Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Tag
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt
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Darwish AB, Mohsen AM, ElShebiney S, Elgohary R, Younis MM. Development of chitosan lipid nanoparticles to alleviate the pharmacological activity of piperine in the management of cognitive deficit in diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8247. [PMID: 38589438 PMCID: PMC11002014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58601-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to prepare and evaluate Piperine (PP) loaded chitosan lipid nanoparticles (PP-CLNPs) to evaluate its biological activity alone or in combination with the antidiabetic drug Metformin (MET) in the management of cognitive deficit in diabetic rats. Piperine was successfully loaded on CLNPs prepared using chitosan, stearic acid, Tween 80 and Tripolyphosphate (TPP) at different concentrations. The developed CLNPs exhibited high entrapment efficiency that ranged from 85.12 to 97.41%, a particle size in the range of 59.56-414 nm and a negatively charged zeta potential values (- 20.1 to - 43.9 mV). In vitro release study revealed enhanced PP release from CLNPs compared to that from free PP suspensions for up to 24 h. In vivo studies revealed that treatment with the optimized PP-CLNPs formulation (F2) exerted a cognitive enhancing effect and ameliorated the oxidative stress associated with diabetes. PP-CLNPs acted as an effective bio-enhancer which increased the potency of metformin in protecting brain tissue from diabetes-induced neuroinflammation and memory deterioration. These results suggested that CLNPs could be a promising drug delivery system for encapsulating PP and thus can be used as an adjuvant therapy in the management of high-risk diabetic cognitive impairment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Badawy Darwish
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Amira Mohamed Mohsen
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa ElShebiney
- Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Mohamed Younis
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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Salama A, Elgohary R. Influence of chrysin on D-galactose induced-aging in mice: Up regulation of AMP kinase/liver kinase B1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α signaling pathway. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:947-959. [PMID: 36977287 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate kinase/liver kinase B1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (AMPK/LKB1/PGC1α) pathway has a vital role in regulating age-related diseases. It controls neurogenesis, cell proliferation, axon outgrowth, and cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK pathway also regulates mitochondrial synthesis. The current study evaluated the effect of chrysin on D-galactose (D-gal) induced-aging, neuron degeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in mice. The mice were allocated randomly into four groups (10 each group): Group 1: normal control group, Group 2: D-gal group, Groups 3 and 4: chrysin (125 and 250 mg/kg, respectively). Groups 2-4 were injected with D-gal (200 mg/kg/day; s.c) for 8 weeks to induce aging. Groups 3 and 4 were orally gavaged every day concurrent with D-gal. At the end of experiment, behavioral, brain biochemical and histopathological changes were monitored. Chrysin administration elevated discrimination ratio in object recognition, Y Maze percentage alternation, locomotor activity and brain contents of AMPK, LKB1, PGC1α, NAD (P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), nerve growth factor (NGF) (neurotrophin-3; NT-3), and seretonin as well as reduced brain contents of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) compared to D-gal-treated mice. Chrysin also alleviated cerebral cortex and white matter neurons degeneration. Chrysin protects against neurodegeneration, improves mitochondrial autophagy and biogenesis as well as activates antioxidant genes expression. In addition, chrysin ameliorates neuroinflammation and stimulates the release of NGF and serotonin neurotransmitter. So, chrysin has a neuroprotective effect in D-gal induced-aging in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, Dokki, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, Dokki, 12622, Egypt
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ElShebiney S, Elgohary R, El-Shamarka M, Mowaad N, Abulseoud OA. Natural Polyphenols-Resveratrol, Quercetin, Magnolol, and β-Catechin-Block Certain Aspects of Heroin Addiction and Modulate Striatal IL-6 and TNF-α. Toxics 2023; 11:379. [PMID: 37112606 PMCID: PMC10145039 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the effects of four different polyphenols in attenuating heroin addiction using a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats received heroin (alternating with saline) in escalating doses starting from 10 mg/kg, i.p. up to 80 mg/kg/d for 14 consecutive days. The rats were treated with distilled water (1 mL), quercetin (50 mg/kg/d), β-catechin (100 mg/kg/d), resveratrol (30 mg/kg/d), or magnolol (50 mg/kg/d) through oral gavage for 7 consecutive days, 30 min before heroin administration, starting on day 8. Heroin withdrawal manifestations were assessed 24 h post last heroin administration following the administration of naloxone (1 mg/kg i.p). Heroin CPP reinstatement was tested following a single dose of heroin (10 mg/kg i.p.) administration. Striatal interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were quantified (ELISA) after naloxone-precipitated heroin withdrawal. Compared to the vehicle, the heroin-administered rats spent significantly more time in the heroin-paired chamber (p < 0.0001). Concomitant administration of resveratrol and quercetin prevented the acquisition of heroin CPP, while resveratrol, quercetin, and magnolol blocked heroin-triggered reinstatement. Magnolol, quercetin, and β-catechin blocked naloxone-precipitated heroin withdrawal and increased striatal IL-6 concentration (p < 0.01). Resveratrol administration was associated with significantly higher withdrawal scores compared to those of the control animals (p < 0.0001). The results of this study show that different polyphenols target specific behavioral domains of heroin addiction in a CPP model and modulate the increase in striatal inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 observed during naloxone-precipitated heroin withdrawal. Further research is needed to study the clinical utility of polyphenols and to investigate the intriguing finding that resveratrol enhances, rather than attenuates naloxone-precipitated heroin withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa ElShebiney
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Marwa El-Shamarka
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Noha Mowaad
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Osama A. Abulseoud
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85001, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85001, USA
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Amer AA, Elgohary R, Ibrahim FM, Taha HS. Anticoagulant effect of Feijoa sellowiana extracts generated by different biotechnological techniques. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15444. [PMID: 37151701 PMCID: PMC10161586 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood clotting has become one of the most dangerous side effects associated with Corona virus, as well as the high level of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Therefore, it has become necessary to use medicinal plants that are biologically safe and containing anti-clotting compound. Feijoa sellowiana represents a prolific source diverse compounds that may have thrombolytic activity. Therefore, the main research point is the production and scaling up of a target contents that have anticoagulants by using biotechnological techniques; calli production, and bioreactors and assessed their activity through in-vivo study. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium enriched with varying concentrations of benzyl adenine (BA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was used to cultivate calli and cell suspension cultures from F. sellowiana seeds. Bioreactors were employed to boost active constituent's production. Moreover, the bioreactor physical factors such as effect of controlled or uncontrolled pH medium were investigated. The leaves of the main plant were extracted by ethanol 70% and polar and non-polar extracts were also prepared. The ethanol extract of calli and cells resulting from bioreactors were also prepared. All prepared extracts were subjected to chemical analysis by HPLC, in-vitro antioxidant assays, in-vivo anticoagulant activity and histopathological examination. Calli and cell suspension cultures were produced by using MS medium fortified with 1 mg/L BA+ 0.1 mg/L NAA. It was found that culturing of cell cultures in a bioreactor with uncontrolled pH and aeration at the value of 0.5 L/min gave the maximum and economical fresh and dry weights of the plants. After evaluation of all extracts; it was found that the calli ethanol extract for each plant was the highest value of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents either quantitatively or qualitatively. All extracts of Feijoa had antioxidant activity. The IC50 of the DPPH of Feijoa calli extract was 13.45 μg/mL, it was also confirmed by FRAP and ABTs values. Feijoa calli extract decreased platelet aggregation by suppression of thrombin, extended aPTT, PT, bleeding and clotting times. It was safer than warfarin medication. From these findings the authors can conclude that Feijoa had highly anticoagulant activity and the calli production achieved the goal of the enhancement of the phenolic constituent and thus their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A. Amer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Faten M. Ibrahim
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, PO Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussein S. Taha
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Biotechnology Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
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Salama A, Elgohary R, Amin MM, Elwahab SA. Impact of protocatechuic acid on alleviation of pulmonary damage induced by cyclophosphamide targeting peroxisome proliferator activator receptor, silent information regulator type-1, and fork head box protein in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:1361-1372. [PMID: 36877411 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a chemotherapeutic agent that causes pulmonary damage by generating free radicals and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Pulmonary damage has a high mortality rate due to the severe inflammation and edema occurred in lung. PPARγ/Sirt 1 signaling has been shown to be cytoprotective effect against cellular inflammatory stress and oxidative injury. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a potent Sirt1 activator and exhibits antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory properties. The current study aims to investigate the therapeutic impacts of PCA against CP-induced pulmonary damage in rats. Rats were assigned randomly into 4 experimental groups. The control group was injected with a single i.p injection of saline. CP group was injected with a single i.p injection of CP (200 mg/kg). PCA groups were administered orally with PCA (50 and 100 mg/kg; p.o.) once daily for 10 consecutive days after CP injection. PCA treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the protein levels of MDA, a marker of lipid peroxidation, NO and MPO along with a significant increase in GSH and catalase protein levels. Moreover, PCA downregulated anti-inflammatory markers as IL-17, NF-κB, IKBKB, COX-2, TNF-α, and PKC and upregulated cytoprotective defenses as PPARγ, and SIRT1. In addition, PCA administration ameliorated FoxO-1 elevation, increased Nrf2 gene expression, and reduced air alveoli emphysema, bronchiolar epithelium hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration induced by CP. PCA might represent a promising adjuvant to prevent pulmonary damage in patients receiving CP due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects with cytoprotective defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Amin
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Sahar Abd Elwahab
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Al Kasr Al Aini, Old Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
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Salama AAA, Elgohary R, Fahmy MI. Protocatechuic acid ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced kidney damage in mice via downregulation of TLR-4-mediated IKBKB/NF-κB and MAPK/Erk signaling pathways. J Appl Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 36807594 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a very critical cause of death in the whole world. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces kidney damage by activating various deleterious inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Protocatechuic acid, a natural phenolic compound, has shown to exert beneficial effects against oxidative and inflammatory responses. The study aimed to clarify the nephroprotective activity of protocatechuic acid in LPS-induced acute kidney damage in mice. Forty male Swiss mice were allocated in four groups as follows: normal control group; LPS (250 μg/kg, ip)-induced kidney injury group; LPS-injected mice treated with protocatechuic acid (15 mg/kg, po), and LPS-injected mice treated with protocatechuic acid (30 mg/kg, po). Significant toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)-mediated activation of IKBKB/NF-κB and MAPK/Erk/COX-2 inflammatory pathways has been observed in kidneys of mice treated with LPS. Oxidative stress was revealed by inhibition of total antioxidant capacity, catalase, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) enzyme along with increased nitric oxide level. In parallel, focal inflammatory effects were shown in between the tubules and glomeruli as well as in the perivascular dilated blood vessels at the cortex affecting the normal morphology of the kidney tissues of LPS-treated mice. However, treatment with protocatechuic acid reduced LPS-induced changes in the aforementioned parameters and restored normal histological features of the affected tissues. In conclusion, our study uncovered that protocatechuic acid has nephroprotective effects in mice with AKI through opposing different inflammatory and oxidative cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Fahmy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
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ElShebiney SA, Elgohary R, Kenawy SH, El-Bassyouni GT, Hamzawy EMA. Zinc oxide calcium silicate composite attenuates acute tramadol toxicity in mice. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 24:9. [PMID: 36759887 PMCID: PMC9912638 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-023-00647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seizures are considered to be the most common symptom encountered in emergency- rushed tramadol-poisoned patients; accounting for 8% of the drug-induced seizure cases. Although, diazepam clears these seizures, the risk of central respiratory depression cannot be overlooked. Henceforth, three adsorbing composites were examined in a tramadol acute intoxication mouse model. METHODS Calcium Silicate (Wollastonite) either non-doped or wet doped with iron oxide (3%Fe2O3) or zinc oxide (30% ZnO) were prepared. The composites' adsorption capacity for tramadol was determined in vitro. Tramadol intoxication was induced in Swiss albino mice by a parenteral dose of 120 mg/kg. Proposed treatments were administered within 1 min at 5 increasing doses, i.p. The next 30 min, seizures were monitored as an intoxication symptom. Plasma tramadol concentration was recorded after two hours of administration. RESULTS The 3% Fe2O3-containing composite (CSFe3), was found to be composed of mainly wollastonite with very little alpha-hematite. On the other hand, hardystonite and wellimite were developed in the 30%ZnO-containing composite (CSZn3). Micro-round and irregular nano-sized microstructures were established (The particle size of CS was 56 nm, CSFe3 was 49 nm, and CSZn3 was 42 nm). The CSZn3 adsorption capacity reached 1497 mg of tramadol for each gram. Tramadol concentration was reduced in plasma and seizures were inhibited after its administration to mice at three doses. CONCLUSION The calcium silicate composite doped with ZnO presented a good resolution of tramadol-induced seizures accompanied by detoxification of blood, indicating its potential for application in such cases. Further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa A. ElShebiney
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, 33-El-Buhouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, 33-El-Buhouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sayed H. Kenawy
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Gehan T. El-Bassyouni
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Esmat M. A. Hamzawy
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Glass Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
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Elgohary R, Salama A, Omara EA. Protective Effects of Cannabis sativa on chemotherapy-induced nausea in a rat: Involvement of CB1 receptors. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:137-146. [PMID: 35861135 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide is an anticancer and immunosuppressive agent used in the treatment of various malignancies but causing gastrointestinal distress. Cannabis sativa and its derivatives have been used for the treatment of human gastrointestinal disorders. A purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of C. sativa on nausea induced by cyclophosphamide in rats. The rats were divided into four groups (eight animals per group): Group 1: Normal control (saline i.p.). Group 2: Rats received cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg i.p.) 3 consecutive days. Group 3 and 4: Rats received cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg i.p.) across Days 1-7, and C. sativa (20 and 40 mg/kg s.c.) was administered on cyclophosphamide days 4-7. We examined intake of kaolin, normal food and changes in body weight, as an indicator of the emetic stimulus. Oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes status, serotonin (5-HT), dopamine, noradrenaline and CB1R levels were evaluated in the intestinal homogenate. Moreover, histopathological study was performed. Results showed that C. sativa ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced emesis by increasing in body weight and normal diet intake with a decrease in kaolin diet intake after 7 days. Moreover, C. sativa significantly decreases (serotonin) 5-HT, dopamine and noradrenaline, as well as decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. Administration of C. sativa significantly increased the expression of CB1R in intestinal homogenate. Treatment with C. sativa also improved the histological feature of an intestinal tissue. These results suggested that C. sativa possess antiemetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in chemotherapy-induced nausea in rats by activating CB1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enayat A Omara
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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AbouSamra MM, Elgohary R, Mansy SS. Innovated pirfenidone loaded lecithin nanocapsules for targeting liver fibrosis: Formulation, characterization and in vivo study. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122539. [PMID: 36572266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Increasing interest in developing antifibrotic therapies became a paramount priority due to the globally raised incidence of deaths secondary to hepatic cirrhosis. This work deals with the development of innovative antifibrotic pirfenidone -loaded lecithin core nanocapsules. This with the intention to target the liver and to increase the drug bioavailability, reducing drug liver toxicity, and studying the associated hepatic microenvironment changes. PFD-loaded lecithin nanocapsules (PFD-LENCs) were prepared using the natural lipoid S45 for its dual benefits of being both a lipid and an amphiphilic surfactant. The selected formulation exhibited in vitro sustained drug release up to 24 h compared to free PFD, which is consistent with the studied pharmacokinetic profile. The studied cytotoxicity of PFD as well as PFD-LENCs exhibited negligible cytotoxicity in normal oral epithelial cells. For exploring the capability of the PFD-LENCs in reaching the liver; in vivo tracing using CLSM, in vivo biodistribution to the vital organs were conducted and electron microscopic examination for depicting nanoparticles in liver tissue was performed. Results revealed the capability of the prepared fluorescent LENC2 in reaching the liver, PFD-LENCs detection in the Disse space of the liver and the significant accumulation of PFD-LENCs in liver tissue compared to the other tested organs. The assessment of the necro-inflammatory, antioxidant and the anti-fibrotic effect of PFD-LENCs (50 & 100 mg/kg) exhibited a significant decrease of liver enzymes, TNF-α, TGF-β, Col-1, α-SMA, and TIMP-1, and a significant increase of catalase enzyme and MMP2 compared to free PFD. EM studies, revealed often detection of dendritic cells in PFD-LENCs (100 mg/kg) treated mice and abnormal collagen structure which can represent an adjunct contribution to the antifibrotic mechanism of PFD-LENCs. In conclusion, the development of this innovative PFD loaded lecithin nanocapsules achieved a targeting ability to the liver, controlled drug release, thereby increase the PFD therapeutic value in downregulating hepatic fibrosis in adjunct with the reduction of liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M AbouSamra
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Egypt.
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Soheir S Mansy
- Electron Microscopy Research Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
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Salama A, Elgohary R, Mowaad N, Sadek D, Abdelhamid W. Toxic effect of carpet dust on the biochemical indices and histological structure of the lung in rats: the potential role of cytochrome P450 2E1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Biomarkers 2023; 28:289-301. [PMID: 36588463 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2023.2164905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Carpet dust exposure in the carpet industry causes various respiratory hazards that lead to permanent loss of lung function. This study investigated the potentially toxic effects of knotted and tufted carpet dust on rat lungs and the possible involvement of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) pathways in the induced toxicity, as well as histological changes in the lung induced by carpet dust.Methods: This study divided 48 adult rats into six groups: group I was the control group, group II (vehicle group) received phosphate buffer saline (50 µL/rat), groups III and IV received knotted dust (2.5 and 5 mg/kg, respectively), and groups V and VI received tufted dust (2.5 and 5 mg/kg, respectively). All treatments were intranasally administered once a day for 7 days.Results: Both dust types significantly decreased the lung content of GSH compared with the control. Significantly elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) lung contents were observed with an increased CYP2E1, interleukin (IL)-6, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ), and ERK/MAPK. The histological lung structure was moderately affected with a moderately increased number of CD68-positive macrophages in the lung parenchyma of knotted dust-exposed rats, whereas tufted dust exposure severely affected the lung tissue with significantly increased CD68-positive macrophages.Conclusions: Carpet dust exposure could induce oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the lung tissue via induction of CYP2E1 that stimulates ERK/MAPK signalling pathway proteins, resulting in elevated MDA, NO and IL-6 levels in the lung tissue with suppressed GSH content. Tufted dust could possess a more toxic response than knotted ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Mowaad
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Sadek
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Abdelhamid
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Baz FK, Ali SI, Elgohary R, Salama A. Natural β-carotene prevents acute lung injury induced by cyclophosphamide in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283779. [PMID: 37018237 PMCID: PMC10075421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-17 is associated with varied inflammatory and immune-related diseases. However, the biological function of IL-17 and its expression in acute lung damage are not entirely known. Thanks to the powerful antioxidant properties of β-carotene, we presumed that it would show a potent protecting effect against cyclophosphamide (CP) -induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. We studied the mechanisms underlying the effect of β-carotene supplementation against CP-induced ALI in mice. We isolated the β-carotene from Scenedesmus obliquus microalgae n-hexane extract and identified it by HPLC and 1H-NMR analysis. Within the experiments, 40 mice were assigned into five groups randomly: Group 1 (Control): Mice received saline. Group 2 (β-carotene control): Mice were administered β-carotene (40 mg/kg; orally) once daily for 10 sequent days without CP injection. Group 3 (CP): One i.p injection of 200 (mg/kg) of CP was given to mice. Group 4 and 5 (CP + β-carotene): Mice were administered β-carotene (20 and 40 mg/kg; orally) once a day for ten days following the CP injection. Lung samples were collected for lab analysis, after scarifying the animals at the experiment end. Administration of β-carotene orally reduced CP-induced ALI and inflammation. β-carotene significantly decreased wet-to-dry weight ratios (W/D), down-regulated IL-17, NF-κB, and IKBKB, decreased the contents of TNF-α, COX-2, and PKC, and increased the contents of SIRT1 and PPARγ in the lung tissues. β-carotene ameliorated the histopathological changes induced by CP and reduced the scoring number of inflammatory cell infiltration and emphysema when compared to CP. Consequently, we conclude natural β-carotene is a promising anti-inflammatory mediator for different inflammatory-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk K El-Baz
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sami I Ali
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
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Salama A, Elgohary R, Kassem AA, Asfour MH. Chrysin-phospholipid complex-based solid dispersion for improved anti-aging and neuroprotective effects in mice. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:109-123. [PMID: 36593750 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2165102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to improve the neuroprotective effect of chrysin (CHR) by combining two formulation techniques, phospholipid (PL) complexation and solid dispersion (SD). CHR-phospholipid complex (CHR-PLC) was prepared through solvent evaporation. The molar ratio CHR/PL (1:3), which exhibited the highest complexation efficiency, was selected for the preparation of CHR-PLC loaded SD (CHR-PLC-SD) with 2-hydroxypropyl β cyclodextrin (2-HPβCD) and polyvinylpyrrolidone 8000. CHR-PLC/2-HPβCD (1:2, w/w) displayed the highest aqueous solubility of CHR (5.86 times more than that of plain CHR). CHR-SD was also prepared using 2-HPβCD for comparison. The in vitro dissolution of CHR-PLC-SD4 revealed an enhancement in the dissolution rate over CHR-PLC (1:3), CHR-SD, and plain CHR by six times. The optimum formulations and plain CHR were evaluated for their neuroprotective effect on brain aging induced by D-galactose in mice. The results demonstrated a behavioral activity elevation, an increase of AMPK, LKB1, and PGC1α brain contents as well as a reduction of AGEs, GFAP, NT-3, TNF-α, and NF-κβ brain contents when compared with those of the D-galactose control group. Thus, the developed formulations stimulated neurogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis as well as suppressed neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The order of activity was as follows: CHR-PLC-SD4 > CHR-PLC (1:3) > CHR-SD > plain CHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Alaa Kassem
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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El-Baz FK, Salama A, Ali SI, Elgohary R. Lutein isolated from Scenedesmus obliquus microalga boosts immunity against cyclophosphamide-induced brain injury in rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22601. [PMID: 36585479 PMCID: PMC9803677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein is a naturally potent antioxidant carotenoid synthesized in green microalgae with a potent ability to prevent different human chronic conditions. To date, there are no reports of the immune-stimulating effect of pure lutein isolated from Scenedesmus obliquus. Thus, we isolated the natural lutein from S. obliquus and evaluated its effectiveness as an immunostimulant against cyclophosphamide-induced brain injury. We purified all-E-(3R, 3'R, 6'R)-Lutein from S. obliquus using prep-HPLC and characterized it by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. We assigned rats randomly to four experimental groups: the Control group got a vehicle for lutein dimethyl sulfoxide for ten successive days. The Cyclophosphamide group received a single i.p injection of Cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg). Lutein groups received 50 and 100 (mg/kg) of lutein one time per day for ten successive days after the cyclophosphamide dose. Lutein administration reduced brain contents of Macrophage inflammatory protein2 (MIP2), cytokine-induced- neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC), and Matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1). Besides, it lowered the contents of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin 18 (IL-18), associated with low content of NLR pyrin domain protein 3 (NLRP3) and consequently caspase-1 compared to the cyclophosphamide group. In the histomorphometric analysis, lutein groups (50 and 100 mg/Kg) showed mild histopathological alterations as they significantly reduced nuclear pyknosis numbers by 65% and 69% respectively, compared to the cyclophosphamide group. This is the first study that showed the immunomodulatory roles of lutein against cyclophosphamide-induced brain injury via decreasing neuroinflammation, chemokines recruitment, and neuron degeneration with the modulation of immune markers. Hence, lutein can be an effective immunomodulator against inflammation-related immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk K. El-Baz
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Sami I. Ali
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
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Salama A, Elgohary R, M Amin M, Elwahab SA. Immunomodulatory effect of protocatechuic acid on cyclophosphamide induced brain injury in rat: Modulation of inflammosomes NLRP3 and SIRT1. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 932:175217. [PMID: 36007603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of the inflammasome NLRP3 and SIRT1 are new combat strategy for brain injury protection. The inflammasome activates proinflammatory cytokines releasing interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 which in turn affect the toxins release from immune cells. In addition, SIRT1 controls many biological functions, such as immune response and oxidative stress. Protocatechuic has versatile biological activities and possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. So this work aims to study immunomodulatory effect of protocatechuic acid on cyclophosphamide chemotherapy drug-induced brain injury via modulation of inflammosomes NLRP3 and SIRT1. Rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups. Normal control group was injected with a single i.p injection of saline. Cyclophosphamide group was injected with a single i.p injection of cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg). Protocatechuic acid groups were orally administered (50 &100 mg/kg) once daily for 10 consecutive days after cyclophosphamide injection. Protocatechuic acid administration exhibited improvements of the cognition function and memory, a reduction in brain contents of MDA, NLRP3, IL-1 β, NF-κB, IKBKB and Galectin 3 and an elevation of GSH and SIRT1 compared to cyclophosphamide group. In addition, protocatechuic acid administration ameliorated the elevation of caspase 3 and iNOS gene expression and alleviated the neuron degeneration caused by cyclophosphamide. In conclusion, the therapeutic action of protocatechuic acid and its cellular and molecular mechanisms are new insights against various human ailments, especially, neuroprotective disease as brain injury induced by cyclophosphamide chemotherapy drug in rats through modulation of inflammosomes NLRP3 and SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Amin
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar Abd Elwahab
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Abdel-Salam O, Elgohary R, Elbaset M, R. Youness E, Sleem A, Shaffie N. Effect of cannabinoids in global cerebral Ischemia in vivo. Egypt J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2022.106993.4915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mostafa R, A. Salama A, Elgohary R. Effect of L-carnitine on potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: modulation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Res Pharm Sci 2022; 17:153-163. [PMID: 35280839 PMCID: PMC8860102 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.335174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Kidney diseases impose significant global health challenges. Potassium dichromate (PD) is a heavy metal frequently associated with nephrotoxicity. PD prompts oxidative and inflammatory injuries in renal tissues. L-carnitine is a naturally-occurring amino acid commonly used as a supplement. Experimental approach: Forty rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups. Group 1 (normal) received only saline. Nephrotoxicity was induced in the remaining groups by PD (15 mg/kg; i.p). Group 2 served as a nephrotoxic group. Groups 3-5 received L-carnitine (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg; p.o.), respectively for 4 weeks. Findings/Results: PD administration resulted in elevated serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen accompanied by diminished reduced glutathione and elevated malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and transforming growth factor-beta renal tissue contents relative to normal rats. PD also produced apoptotic histopathological injuries and down-regulated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; signifying ongoing apoptosis. In the current work, L-carnitine use in the selected dose levels resulted in improvement of all the aforementioned serum, renal tissue, and histological parameters relative to nephrotoxic rats. L-carnitine up-regulated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway that was down-regulated post PD use. Conclusion and implications: Collectively, the study highlighted that the possible mechanisms beyond the beneficial effects of L-carnitine are mainly through its antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory actions. L- carnitine significantly abrogated apoptosis via up-regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and signified restoration of normal renal cell proliferation and functionality.
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Salama A, Elgohary R. L-carnitine and Co Q10 ameliorate potassium dichromate -induced acute brain injury in rats targeting AMPK/AKT/NF-κβ. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:107867. [PMID: 34489184 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has a crucial role in neuroprotection. It phosphorylates serine/threonine kinase (Akt) Substrate inhibiting the inflammatory responses induced by the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Exposure to chromium VI dust among workers has been reported and induced brain injury, as the absorption of chromium through the nasal membrane has been found to deliver it directly to the brain. The study aimed to investigate the influence of administration of L-carnitine or/and Co Q10 as theraputic agents against potassium dichromate (PD)-induced brain injury via AMPK/AKT/NF-κβ signaling pathway. Brain injury was induced by PD intranasally as a single dose of 2 mg/kg, 24 h latter rats received L-carnitine (100 mg/kg; orally), Co Q10 (50 mg/kg; orally) and L-carnitine (50 mg/kg; orally) + Co Q10 (25 mg/kg; orally) respectively for 3 days. Locomotor activity was assessed before and at the end of the experiment, then, biochemical and histopathological investigations were assessed in brain homogenate. The exposure of rats to PD promoted oxidative stress and inflammation via an increase in MDA and a decrease in GSH serum contents with an increase in brain contents of TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-kβ and reduced AMPK and AKT brain contents as compared to the control group. Treatment with L-carnitine + Co Q10 ameliorated cognitive impairment and oxidative stress, decreased the brain contents of inflammatory mediators; TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κβ elevated AMPK and AKT, as compared to each drug. Also, L-carnitine + Co Q10 administration restored morphological changes as degenerated neurons and necrosis. L-carnitine + Co Q10 play important role in AMPK/AKT/NF-κβ pathway that responsible for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against PD-induced brain injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
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Elgohary R, Abdelsalam RM, Abdel-Salam OME, Khattab MM, Salem NA, El-Khyat ZA, Morsy FA. Protective effect of cannabinoids on gastric mucosal lesions induced by water immersion restrain stress in rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2021; 24:1182-1189. [PMID: 35083004 PMCID: PMC8751742 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.54338.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the impact of cannabinoid agonists and antagonists on the mucosal lesion progress in the stomach induced by water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats subjected to WIRS for 4 hr were treated with Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), CBR1 agonist (NADA, 1 mg/kg), CBR1 antagonist (Rimonabant, 1 mg/kg), CBR2 agonist (GW405833 1 mg/kg) or CBR2 antagonist (AM630, 1 mg/kg SC) 30 min before WIRS. Microscopic lesions, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines biomarkers, and (Myeloperoxidase) MPO in gastric tissues were determined. RESULTS Results indicated development of severe gastric lesions with a substantial increase in the contents of (nitric oxide) NO, (malondialdehyde) MDA, (interleukin-1 beta) IL-1β, MPO, (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) TNF-α, and a significant fall in the content of GSH and the activity of PON-1 after WIRS. CONCLUSION Treatment with NADA and AM630 protected gastric tissues against ulcers as demonstrated by a decrease in the contents of MDA, TNF-α, MPO, and IL-1β along with an increase in the content of PON-1 activity and GSH in the stomach tissues. On the other hand, treatment with SR141716A or GW405833 showed no protective effects on ulcers development. It seems that cannabinoids exert their antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory effects against WIRS-induced gastric ulcers by activation of CB1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt,Corresponding author: Rania Elgohary. National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 01022219049,12622 Dokki.
| | - Rania M. Abdelsalam
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar ME Abdel-Salam
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Khattab
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Neveen A. Salem
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zakaria A. El-Khyat
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma A. Morsy
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt
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El-Baz FK, Elgohary R, Salama A. Amelioration of Hepatic Encephalopathy Using Dunaliella salina Microalgae in Rats: Modulation of Hyperammonemia/TLR4. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:8843218. [PMID: 33855084 PMCID: PMC8021475 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8843218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric disease that is developed as a complication of both acute and chronic liver failure affecting psychomotor dysfunction, memory, and concentration. This study is aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effects of Dunaliella salina (D. salina) microalgae in thioacetamide- (TAA-) induced HE in rats. HE was induced by TAA (200 mg/kg; i.p.) for three successive days. Forty male Wister albino rats were divided into 4 groups; the first group was served as a normal, and the second group was injected with TAA and served as TAA control. The third and fourth groups were administered D. salina (100 and 200 mg/kg; p.o.), respectively, after TAA injection for 7 days. The behavioral and biochemical markers as well as histological aspects of HE were estimated. This study revealed that TAA caused behavioral changes, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, nuclear pyknosis, and neurons degeneration. D. salina improved liver function and decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory mediator as TLR4 protein expression. Also, D. salina elevated HSP-25 and IGF-1 as well as improved brain histopathological alterations. In conclusion, D. salina exerted a therapeutic potential against HE via its antioxidant, antiinflammatory and cytoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk K. El-Baz
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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El-Baz FK, Salama A, Ali SI, Elgohary R. Haematococcus pluvialis Carotenoids Enrich Fractions Ameliorate Liver Fibrosis Induced by Thioacetamide in Rats: Modulation of Metalloproteinase and Its Inhibitor. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:6631415. [PMID: 33628797 PMCID: PMC7895575 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6631415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a consequence of chronic liver diseases. Metalloproteinase and its inhibitor have crucial roles in the resolution of liver fibrosis. The current relevant study is aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis) extract, astaxanthin-rich fraction, astaxanthin ester-rich fraction, and β-carotene-rich fraction as well as their mechanisms of action in curing hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA). Liver fibrosis was induced using TAA (intraperitoneal injection, two times a week for 6 weeks), in a rat model and H. pluvialis extract (200 mg/kg), and other fractions (30 mg/kg) were orally administered daily for 4 weeks after the last TAA injection. Based on HPLC analysis, H. pluvialis extract contains β-carotene (12.95 mg/g, extract) and free astaxanthin (10.85 mg/g, extract), while HPLC/ESI-MS analysis revealed that H. pluvialis extract contains 28 carotenoid compounds including three isomers of free astaxanthin, α or β-carotene, lutein, 14 astaxanthin mono-esters, 5 astaxanthin di-esters, and other carotenoids. H. pluvialis and its fractions reduced liver enzymes, nitric oxide, collagen 1, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-beta as well as elevated catalase antioxidant activity compared to the TAA group. Also, H. pluvialis extract and its fractions exceedingly controlled the balance between metalloproteinase and its inhibitor, activated Kupffer cells proliferation, and suppressed liver apoptosis, necrobiosis, and fibrosis. These findings conclude that H. pluvialis extract and its fractions have an antifibrotic effect against TAA-induced liver fibrosis by regulating the oxidative stress and proinflammatory mediators, suppressing multiple profibrogenic factors, and modulating the metalloproteinase and its inhibitor pathway, recommending H. pluvialis extract and its fractions for the development of new effective medicine for treating hepatic fibrosis disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk K. El-Baz
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sami I. Ali
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), 12622 Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Fayed A, El Menyawi MM, Ghanema M, Shaker O, Elgohary R. Measurement of serum interferon alpha in Egyptian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and evaluation of its effect on disease activity: a case-control study. Reumatismo 2020; 72:145-153. [PMID: 33213127 DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2020.1308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Much evidence highlighted the role of interferon alpha (IFN-α) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and suggested its possible role in assessing disease activity. We measured serum IFN-α in Egyptian SLE patients in order to determine a cutoff value that can be used to distinguish patients from healthy controls and explored its clinical value in monitoring disease activity and different aspects of the disease, in particular lupus nephritis. This cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted on 59 SLE patients and 30 healthy controls. Serum IFN-α was measured in all participants using sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SLE patients underwent assessment of disease activity using the SLE disease activity index-2000 (SLEDAI-2K) as well as an evaluation of proteinuria, complement C3 and C4, and serology. Patients with evidence of renal involvement underwent renal biopsy. The median serum IFN-α was 81.8 pg/mL (interquartile range [IQR] 63.4:102.4), which was significantly higher than in healthy controls (median 10.3 pg/mL [IQR 7.3:11.6]) (p<0.001). At serum level of 14.7 pg/mL, IFN-α has high sensitivity and specificity to discriminate SLE patients from controls, with high positive and negative predictive values. Serum IFN-α was not associated with markers of disease activity, clinical features and anti-double stranded DNA. Furthermore, it was not associated with markers of renal activity, including proteinuria, C3 and C4 complement factors and histopathology renal classes. Despite elevated levels of serum IFN-α in SLE patients, it is not possible to use it as a biomarker for disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fayed
- Nephrology unit, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University.
| | - M M El Menyawi
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology unit, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University.
| | - M Ghanema
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology unit, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University.
| | - O Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University.
| | - R Elgohary
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology unit, Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University.
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Moawad I, Alromima W, Elgohary R. Bi-Gram Term Collocations-based Query Expansion Approach for Improving Arabic Information Retrieval. Arab J Sci Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-018-3145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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