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Soldevila B, Velasco I, Muñoz C, Díaz Y, Egea-Cortés L, Ferrer-Escopiñan L, Pérez-Montes de Oca A, Martínez-Mondejar R, Casabona J, Puig-Domingo M. Longitudinal trajectories of maternal TSH in healthy pregnant women in Catalonia. Eur Thyroid J 2023; 12:e230016. [PMID: 37429330 PMCID: PMC10448591 DOI: 10.1530/etj-23-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Longitudinal evaluation of thyroid function throughout pregnancy in the same subject could offer precise information about its dynamics as a physiological mechanism of adaption to the requirements. In this study, we evaluated longitudinal trajectories of maternal thyroid function during pregnancy by a latent class growth analysis and explored their association with maternal-fetal outcomes. Methods A prospective observational study was carried out, including 414 healthy pregnant women, from the first trimester to delivery. Thyroid function and autoimmunity were measured in the three trimesters. Clinical data during pregnancy were obtained. Longitudinal mixed model techniques were performed to explore trajectories of gestational thyroid function. Results Three different longitudinal trajectories were obtained from maternal thyrotropin (TSH) levels: low-increasing TSH (class 1) in 86% of cases, high-increasing TSH (class 2) in 9.7%, and decreasing TSH (class 3) in 4.3%. No statistical differences in free thyroxine levels were found among the three classes. Differences in maternal age (P = 0.027) and initial maternal weight (P = 0.043) were observed among the groups. In logistic regression analysis, maternal age correlated with longitudinal trajectories. The three longitudinal classes remain when women with thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) are excluded. Multinomial logistic regression showed maternal age correlated with longitudinal trajectories independently of TAI status. Conclusions Three differentiated TSH trajectories were found in healthy pregnant women living in Catalonia, as previously described. No association with obstetric outcomes was observed in these different chronological thyroid pathways, but maternal age might condition the longitudinal mechanism of thyroid function regulation throughout pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Soldevila
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition. Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Inés Velasco
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Carla Muñoz
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Yesika Díaz
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Health Department, Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
| | - Laia Egea-Cortés
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Health Department, Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
| | - Laura Ferrer-Escopiñan
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition. Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Alejandra Pérez-Montes de Oca
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition. Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Raquel Martínez-Mondejar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Health Department, Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
| | - Manel Puig-Domingo
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition. Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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Roldán-Merino J, Ortega-Cejas CM, Lluch-Canut T, Farres-Tarafa M, Biurrun-Garrido A, Casas I, Castrillo-Pérez MI, Vicente-Hernández MM, Jimenez-Barragan M, Martínez-Mondejar R, Hurtado-Pardos B, Cabrera-Jaime S. Validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the "Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire" (W-DEQ-B). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249942. [PMID: 33901208 PMCID: PMC8075224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ-B) is an instrument that allows the experiences around fear of childbirth to be examined after the birth. It is currently the most widely used to measure different aspects related to the fear of childbirth and enables healthcare and additional assistance to women after birth to be adapted according to their needs. The objective of this study was to translate the W-DEQ-B into Spanish and analyse its reliability and validity. The study was carried out in two phases: (1) transcultural adaption of the questionnaire to Spanish and (2) a transversal study in a sample of 190 postpartum women from Sexual and Reproductive Health Clinics in the province of Barcelona (Spain). The psychometric properties were examined in terms of reliability (internal consistency and temporal stability) and construct validity (confirmatory factorial analysis [CFA] and exploratory factorial analysis [EFA]). The results of the CFA did not confirm unidimensionality of the W-DEQ-B questionnaire. The EFA suggested four very similar, but not identical, dimensions to those obtained in other studies in which the W-DEQ-B has been evaluated. Both the Cronbach's alpha and the omega coefficient were adequate for the total questionnaire and for each of the four dimensions. The results of this study confirm that the W-DEQ-B is multi-dimensional. In the Spanish version of the W-DEQ-B-Sp four dimensions have been identified that allow the experiences around fear of childbirth to be examined after the birth. The Spanish version of the WDEQ-B (WDEQ-B-Sp) is reliable and valid for the measurement of fear of childbirth in clinical practice and for use in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Roldán-Merino
- Campus Docent, Sant Joan de Déu—Fundació Privada, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group GIES (Grupo de investigación en Enfermería, Educación y Sociedad), Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group GEIMAC (Consolidated Group 2017–1681: Group of Studies of Invariance of the Instruments of Measurement and Analysis of Change in the Social and Health Areas), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celia Maria Ortega-Cejas
- Midwife, Sexual and Reproductive Health Clinic (ASSIR), Mollet del Vallès Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Lluch-Canut
- Research Group GEIMAC (Consolidated Group 2017–1681: Group of Studies of Invariance of the Instruments of Measurement and Analysis of Change in the Social and Health Areas), Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Farres-Tarafa
- Campus Docent, Sant Joan de Déu—Fundació Privada, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group GIES (Grupo de investigación en Enfermería, Educación y Sociedad), Barcelona, Spain
- Member Research Group GRISIMula (Grupo emergente 2017 SGR 531; Grupo en Recerca Enfermera en Simulación), Barcelona, Spain
- Secretary, GRISCA Research Group (Nursing Simulation in Catalonia and Andorra Research Group), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainoa Biurrun-Garrido
- Campus Docent, Sant Joan de Déu—Fundació Privada, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group GIES (Grupo de investigación en Enfermería, Educación y Sociedad), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irma Casas
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Preventive Medicine Service, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group Innovation in Respiratory Infections and Tuberculosis Diagnosis (Group Consolidat 2017 SGR 494), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Marta Jimenez-Barragan
- Midwifery Coordinator, Sexual and Reproductive Health Clinic (ASSIR) Fundació Assistencial Mútua Terrassa, (Terrassa) Midwife, Sexual and Reproductive Health Clinic (ASSIR) Rambla Terrassa, (Terrassa) Docente en Fundació Universitaria del Bages, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Barbara Hurtado-Pardos
- Campus Docent, Sant Joan de Déu—Fundació Privada, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group GIES (Grupo de investigación en Enfermería, Educación y Sociedad), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Cabrera-Jaime
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Corporate Care Management, Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO), L’Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- GRIN Group, IDIBELL, Institute of Biomedical Research, Barcelona, Spain
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