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Musella M, Wathsala R, Tavella T, Rampelli S, Barone M, Palladino G, Biagi E, Brigidi P, Turroni S, Franzellitti S, Candela M. Tissue-scale microbiota of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and its relationship with the environment. Sci Total Environ 2020; 717:137209. [PMID: 32084687 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we characterize the structural variation of the microbiota of Mytilus galloprovincialis at the tissue scale, also exploring the connection with the microbial ecosystem of the surrounding water. Mussels were sampled within a farm located in the North-Western Adriatic Sea and microbiota composition was analyzed in gills, hemolymph, digestive glands, stomach and foot by Next Generation Sequencing marker gene approach. Mussels showed a distinctive microbiota structure, with specific declinations at the tissue level. Indeed, each tissue is characterized by a distinct pattern of dominant families, reflecting a peculiar adaptation to the respective tissue niche. For instance, the microbiota of the digestive gland is characterized by Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, being shaped to ferment complex polysaccharides of dietary origin into short-chain fatty acids, well matching the general asset of the animal gut microbiota. Conversely, the gill and hemolymph ecosystems are dominated by marine microorganisms with aerobic oxidative metabolism, consistent with the role played by these tissues as an interface with the external environment. Our findings highlight the putative importance of mussel microbiota for different aspects of host physiology, with ultimate repercussions on mussel health and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Musella
- HolobioME, Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rasika Wathsala
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Teresa Tavella
- HolobioME, Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Rampelli
- HolobioME, Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Barone
- HolobioME, Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Palladino
- HolobioME, Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Biagi
- HolobioME, Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- HolobioME, Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- HolobioME, Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Franzellitti
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Marco Candela
- HolobioME, Unit of Holobiont Microbiome and Microbiome Engineering, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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