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Omidkhah N, Hadizadeh F, Ghodsi R, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. In Silico Evaluation of NO-Sartans against SARS-CoV-2. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2024; 21:CDDT-EPUB-138950. [PMID: 38445698 DOI: 10.2174/0115701638279362240223070810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous clinical trials are currently investigating the potential of nitric oxide (NO) as an antiviral agent against coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, some researchers have reported positive effects of certain Sartans against SARS-CoV-2. METHOD Considering the impact of NO-Sartans on the cardiovascular system, we have compiled information on the general structure, synthesis methods, and biological studies of synthesized NOSartans. In silico evaluation of all NO-Sartans and approved sartans against three key SARS-CoV- -2 targets, namely Mpro (PDB ID: 6LU7), NSP16 (PDB ID: 6WKQ), and ACE-2 (PDB ID: 1R4L), was performed using MOE. RESULTS Almost all NO-Sartans and approved sartans demonstrated promising results in inhibiting these SARS-CoV-2 targets. Compound 36 (CLC-1280) showed the best docking scores against the three evaluated targets and was further evaluated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. CONCLUSION Based on our in silico studies, CLC-1280 (a Valsartan dinitrate) has the potential to be considered as an inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, further in vitro and in vivo evaluations are necessary for the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Omidkhah
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mirzaei S, Eisvand F, Nejabat M, Ghodsi R, Hadizadeh F. Anticancer Potential of a Synthetic Quinoline, 9IV-c, by Inducing Apoptosis in A549 Cell and In vivo BALB/c Mice Models. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:185-192. [PMID: 38629154 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206267446231103075806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a previous work from the author of this study, the compound of 9IV-c, ((E)-2-(3,4- dimethoxystyryl)-6,7,8-trimethoxy-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)quinoline-4-amine) was synthesized, and the effects of potent activity on the multiple human tumor cell lines were evaluated considering the spindle formation together with the microtubule network. METHODS Accordingly, cytotoxic activity, apoptotic effects, and the therapeutic efficiency of compound 9IV-c on A549 and C26 cell lines were investigated in this study. RESULTS The compound 9IV-c demonstrated high cytotoxicity against A549 and C26 cell lines with IC50 = 1.66 and 1.21 μM, respectively. The flow cytometric analysis of the A549 cancer cell line treated with compound 9IVc showed that This compound induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. Western blotting analysis displayed that compound 9IV-c also elevated the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and increased the activation of caspase-9 and -3 but not caspase-8. CONCLUSION These data presented that the intrinsic pathway was responsible for 9IV-c -induced cell apoptosis. In vivo studies demonstrated that treatment with the compound of 9IV-c at 10 mg/kg dose led to a decrease in tumor growth compared to the control group. It was found that there was not any apparent body weight loss in the period of treatment. Also, in the vital organs of the BALB/c mice, observable pathologic changes were not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salimeh Mirzaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farhad Eisvand
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojgan Nejabat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Omidkhah N, Eisvand F, Hadizadeh F, Zarghi A, Ghodsi R. Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, Pan‐HDAC Inhibitory Activity and Docking Study of N‐(2‐Aminophenyl)‐2‐arylquinoline‐4‐ and N‐(2‐Aminophenyl)‐2‐arylbenzo[h]quinoline‐4‐carboxamides**. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Negar Omidkhah
- Student Research Committee Mashhad University of Medical Science Mashhad Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Farhad Eisvand
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Omidkhah N, Hadizadeh F, Ghodsi R. HDAC inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180819666220527160528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Following the outbreak of the coronavirus, global efforts to find a vaccine and drug affecting Covid-19 have been widespread. Reusing some of the available drugs has had relatively satisfactory results. One of the classes of drugs studied against SARS-CoV-2 is the HDAC inhibitors collected in this review. Among the most important points of this study can be mentioned the following: (a) SARS-COV-2 infection can influence the ACE/ACE2-ATR1-Cholesterol-HDAC axis signaling (b) By limiting endocytosis and decreasing ACE2-spike protein recognition at the same time, Romidepsin may hinder SARS-2-S-driven host cell entry. (c) HDAC inhibitors affect the expression of ABO, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in epithelial cell lines. (d) Valproic acid may help to reduce ARDS as well as hospitalizations and death. (e) Trichostatin A inhibits antigen expression, viral RNA load and infectious particle production in SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Omidkhah
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Tajani AS, Soheili V, Moosavi F, Ghodsi R, Alizadeh T, Fazly Bazzaz BS. Ultra selective and high-capacity dummy template molecular imprinted polymer to control quorum sensing and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1199:339574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Hadizadeh F, Ghodsi R, Mirzaei S, Sahebkar A. In Silico Exploration of Novel Tubulin Inhibitors: A Combination of Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Pharmacophore Modeling, and Virtual Screening. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:4004068. [PMID: 35075369 PMCID: PMC8783753 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4004068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules play a critical role in mitosis and cell division and are regarded as an excellent target for anticancer therapy. Although microtubule-targeting agents have been widely used in the clinical treatment of different human cancers, their clinical application in cancer therapy is limited by both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance and adverse toxicities. In a previous work, we synthesized compound 9IV-c, ((E)-2-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-6,7,8-trimethoxy-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)quinoline-4-amine) that showed potent activity against multiple human tumor cell lines, by targeting spindle formation and/or the microtubule network. Accordingly, in this study, to identify potent tubulin inhibitors, at first, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies of compound 9IV-c were performed into the colchicine binding site of tubulin; then, a pharmacophore model of the 9IV-c-tubulin complex was generated. The pharmacophore model was then validated by Güner-Henry (GH) scoring methods and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The IBScreen database was searched by using this pharmacophore model as a screening query. Finally, five retrieved compounds were selected for molecular docking studies. These efforts identified two compounds (b and c) as potent tubulin inhibitors. Investigation of pharmacokinetic properties of these compounds (b and c) and compound 9IV-c displayed that ligand b has better drug characteristics compared to the other two ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Salimeh Mirzaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Pashaei H, Rouhani A, Nejabat M, Hadizadeh F, Mirzaei S, Nadri H, Maleki MF, Ghodsi R. Synthesis and molecular dynamic simulation studies of novel N-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl) quinoline-4-carboxamides as potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
HDAC inhibitors and NO donors have both demonstrated independently broad therapeutic potential in a variety of diseases. Borretto et al. presented the topic of NO-HDAC dual inhibitors for the first time in 2013 as an attractive new topic. Here we collected the general structure of all synthesized NO-HDAC dual inhibitors, lead compounds, synthesis methods and biological features of the most potent dual NO-HDAC inhibitor in each category with the intention of assisting in the synthesis and optimization of new drug-like compounds for diverse diseases. Based on studies done so far, NO-HDAC dual inhibitors have displayed satisfactory results against wound healing (3), heart hypertrophy (3), inflammatory, cardiovascular, neuromuscular illnesses (11a-11e) and cancer (6a-6o, 9a-9d, 10a-10d, 16 and 17). NO-HDAC dual inhibitors can have high therapeutic potential for various diseases due to their new properties, NO properties, HDAC inhibitor properties and also due to the effects of NO on HDAC enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Omidkhah
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Mosaffa F, Hadizadeh F, Fathi F, Eslami Nasab Z, Pourzahed T, Aboutorabzade SM, Ghodsi R. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel quinoline analogs of ketoprofen as multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) inhibitors. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2021; 24:815-825. [PMID: 34630959 PMCID: PMC8487607 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.54554.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objectives A new series of quinoline analogs of ketoprofen was designed and synthesized as multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) inhibitors using ketoprofen as the lead compounds. Materials and Methods The cytotoxic activity of the compounds was evaluated againt two cancer cell lines including A2780/RCIS (MRP2-overexpressing ovarian carcinoma), A2780, drug-sensitive ovarian carcinoma using MTT assay. Compounds showing low toxicity in MTT test were selected to investigate their MRP inhibition activity. MRP2 inhibitory potency was evaluated by determination of the uptake amount of fluorescent 5-carboxy fluorescein diacetate (5-CFDA) substrate, by A2780/RCIS in the presence of the selected compounds. Mode of interaction between synthesized ligands and homology modeled MRP2 was investigated by MOE software. Results Compound 6d, a 4-carboxy quinoline possessing dimethoxy phenyl in position 2 of quinoline ring, showed the most MRP2 inhibition activity among all the quinolines and more than the reference drug ketoprofen. MRP2 inhibition activity of compound 7d was less in comparison to that of compound 6d, indicating that carboxyl group in position 4 of quinoline may interact with MRP2. Docking studies showed that compound 7d methyl ester of 6d, interacted less compared to its parent 6d, which is consistent with biological results. Conclusion This study indicates that 6- or 8-benzoyl-2-arylquinoline is a suitable scaffold to design MRP2 inhibitors. The position of benzoyl in quinoline ring is important in inhibition of MRP2. Generally, MRP2 inhibition activity of compound 7d was less in comparison to that of 6d, indicating that carboxyl group in position 4 of quinoline may interact with MRP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Fathi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Eslami Nasab
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tahereh Pourzahed
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ghaffari M, Shanehbandi D, Sarhadi S, Hanifeh Ahagh M, Maleki Moghaddam M, Dehghan G, Ghodsi R, Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi J. Anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect of tetrahydrobenzo[h]quinoline on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell. Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2021.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Quinoline and its derivatives display various biological activities based on versatility in designing a new drug class for medicinal applications. Hence, synthesizing innovative and varied derivatives of quinoline has gained considerable attention among chemists and biologists. This study evaluated the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect of tetrahydrobenzo[h]quinoline on Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) human breast cancer cells. Methods: The anti-proliferative effect of tetrahydrobenzo[h]quinoline was studied via MTT [3 0-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assays. A quantitative and qualitative study of apoptosis was carried out via flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and immunoblotting analysis were employed to identify the expression level of genes and proteins involved in the apoptosis signaling pathway. Results: The synthesized compound reduced 50% of cell growth at concentrations of 10 and 7.5 µM during 24 and 48h, respectively, and induced apoptosis up to 30% in MCF-7 cancer cells. Regarding the gene expression level, Bcl-2 displayed considerable alleviation, whereas Bax expression increased significantly. Despite the remarkable increase in caspase 9 expression, there was no noticeable difference in the caspase 8 expression in treated cells compared to the control group. Western blotting data showed that the protein expression level of Bcl-2, pro-caspase 8, and 9 reduced. The protein content of Bax, cleaved-caspase 8, and 9 increased significantly, of which the protein level of cleaved-caspase 9 exhibited a tremendous rise in the treated group. Conclusion: The newly synthesized tetrahydrobenzo[h]quinoline can be a promising organic compound for cancer treatment if its anti-cancer effect investigates by other types of breast cancer cells. In vivo studies should be used to investigate the anti-cancer efficiency of this compound.
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Mirzaei S, Ghodsi R, Hadizadeh F, Sahebkar A. 3D-QSAR-Based Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, and Molecular Docking Studies for Identification of Tubulin Inhibitors with Potential Anticancer Activity. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:6480804. [PMID: 34485522 PMCID: PMC8410400 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6480804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to develop a pharmacophore-based three-dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship (3D-QSAR) for a set including sixty-two cytotoxic quinolines (1-62) as anticancer agents with tubulin inhibitory activity. A total of 279 pharmacophore hypotheses were generated based on the survival score to build QSAR models. A six-point pharmacophore model (AAARRR.1061) was identified as the best model which consisted of three hydrogen bond acceptors (A) and three aromatic ring (R) features. The model showed a high correlation coefficient (R 2 = 0.865), cross-validation coefficient (Q 2 = 0.718), and F value (72.3). The best pharmacophore model was then validated by the Y-Randomization test and ROC-AUC analysis. The generated 3D contour maps were used to reveal the structure activity relationship of the compounds. The IBScreen database was screened against AAARRR.1061, and after calculating ADMET properties, 10 compounds were selected for further docking study. Molecular docking analysis showed that compound STOCK2S-23597 with the highest docking score (-10.948 kcal/mol) had hydrophobic interactions and can form four hydrogen bonds with active site residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salimeh Mirzaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Tajani AS, Jangi E, Davodi M, Golmakaniyoon S, Ghodsi R, Soheili V, Fazly Bazzaz BS. Anti-quorum sensing potential of ketoprofen and its derivatives against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: insights to in silico and in vitro studies. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5123-5132. [PMID: 34319419 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02499-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics are usually used for the treatment of bacterial infections, but multidrug-resistant strains are a phenomenon that has been growing at an increasing rate worldwide. Thus, there is an increasing need for novel strategies for combatting infectious diseases. Many pathogenic bacteria apply quorum sensing (QS) to regulate their pathogenicity and virulence factors production. This circuit makes the QS system an attractive target for antibacterial therapy. In the present study, an important member of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), by reducing the biofilm and producing QS-regulated virulence factors, ketoprofen and its synthetic derivatives were screened against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. All compounds showed anti-biofilm activity (16-79%) and most of them presented anti-virulence activity. In the co-treatment of ketoprofen, G20, G21, or G77 with tobramycin, biofilm is significantly reduced (potentiated to > 50%) in the number of cells protected inside the impermeable matrix. The in silico studies in addition to the similarities between the chemical structures of PqsR natural ligands and ketoprofen derivatives reinforce the possibility that the mechanism of action is through PqsR inhibition. Based on the results, the anti-pathogenic effect was more appreciable in ketoprofen, G77, and G20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amineh Sadat Tajani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Jangi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Davodi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sima Golmakaniyoon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Soheili
- Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Shakour N, Sahebkar A, Karimi G, Paseban M, Tasbandi A, Mosaffa F, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Ghodsi R, Hadizadeh F. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5-(imidazolyl-methyl) thiazolidinediones as antidiabetic agents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105162. [PMID: 34314919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A newly designed series of imidazolyl-methyl- l-2,4-thiazolidinediones 9 (a-m) were synthesized and In Silico studies were carried out to rationalize their anti-diabetic activity. Generally, all newly synthesized thiazolidinediones had anti-hyperglycemic activity compared with a diabetic-control group, without toxicity in 3T3 cells (viability ≥ 90%). These studies revealed that the compounds 9e and 9b (11∗10-6mol/kg) lowered blood glucose more effectively when compared to pioglitazone at the same dose. Following the administration of compound 9e, no weight gains or any serious side effects on liver and pancreas were observed. Moreover, the glucose consumption assay results showed a significant glucose-lowering effect (p < 0.001) in HepG2 cells, which were exposed to 11 mM of glucose at concentrations of 1.25-10 mM of compound 9e. Also, the PPAR-γ gene expression study revealed that pioglitazone and 9e showed similar behavior relative to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Shakour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Paseban
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aida Tasbandi
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Omidkhah N, Ghodsi R. Synthesis of novel 2-methyl-4-carboxyquinolines, the new by-products of the Doebner reaction. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1912770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Rahimzadeh Oskuei S, Mirzaei S, Reza Jafari-Nik M, Hadizadeh F, Eisvand F, Mosaffa F, Ghodsi R. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel imidazole-chalcone derivatives as potential anticancer agents and tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104904. [PMID: 33933802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Novel imidazole-chalcone derivatives were designed and synthesized as tubulin polymerization inhibitors and anticancer agents. The antiproliferative activity of the imidazole-chalcone was assessed on some human cancer cell lines including A549 (adenocarcinoma human alveolar basal epithelial cells), MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells), MCF-7/MX (mitoxantrone resistant human breast cancer cells), and HEPG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma cells). Generally, the imidazole-chalcone derivatives exhibited more cytotoxicity on A549 cancer cells in comparison to the other three cell lines, among them compounds 9j' and 9g showed significant cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 7.05 to 63.43 μM against all the four human cancer cells. The flow cytometry analysis of A549 cancer cells treated with 9g and 9j' displayed that these compounds induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase at low concentrations and increased the number of apoptotic cells (cells in subG1 phase) at higher concentrations. They have also inhibited tubulin polymerization similar to combretastatin A-4 (CA-4). Annexin V binding staining assay in A549 cancer cells revealed that compound 9j' induced apoptosis (early and late). Finally, molecular docking studies of 9j' into the colchicine-binding site of tubulin presented the probable interactions of these compounds with tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rahimzadeh Oskuei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Salimeh Mirzaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Jafari-Nik
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farhad Eisvand
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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16
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Nejabat M, Ghodsi R, Hadizadeh F. Coumarins and Quinolones as Effective Multiple Targeted Agents Versus Covid-19: An in Silico Study. Med Chem 2021; 18:220-237. [PMID: 33563156 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666210208223924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Covid-19 virus emerged a few months ago in China and infections rapidly escalated into a pandemic. OBJECTIVE To date, there is no selective antiviral agent for the management of pathologies associated with covid-19 and the need for an effective agent against it is essential. METHOD In this work two home-made databases from synthetic quinolines and coumarins were virtually docked against viral proteases (3CL and PL), human cell surface proteases (TMPRSS2 and furin) and spike proteins (S1 and S2). Chloroquine, a reference drug without a clear mechanism against coronavirus was also docked on mentioned targets and the binding affinities compared with title compounds. RESULT The best compounds of synthetic coumarins and quinolines for each target were determined. All compounds against all targets showed binding affinity between -5.80 to -8.99 kcal/mol in comparison with the FDA-approved drug, Chloroquine, with binding affinity of -5.7 to -7.98 kcal/mol. Two compounds, quinoline-1 and coumarin-24, were found to be effective on three targets - S2, TMPRSS2 and furin - simultaneously, with good predicted affinity between -7.54 to -8.85 kcal/mol. In silico ADME studies also confirmed good oral absorption for them. Furthermore, PASS prediction was calculated and coumarin-24 had higher probable activity (Pa) than probable inactivity (Pi) with acceptable protease inhibitory as well as good antiviral activity against Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza. CONCLUSION Quinoline-1 and Coumarin-24 have the potential to be used against Covid-19. Hence these agents could be useful in combating covid-19 infection after further in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Nejabat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, . Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, . Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, . Iran
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17
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Maleki MF, Nadri H, Kianfar M, Edraki N, Eisvand F, Ghodsi R, Mohajeri SA, Hadizadeh F. Design and synthesis of new carbamates as inhibitors for fatty acid amide hydrolase and cholinesterases: Molecular dynamic, in vitro and in vivo studies. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104684. [PMID: 33607363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine, AEA) shows neuroprotective effects, the inhibition of its degradative enzyme, fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) has been considered as a hopeful avenue for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Memory loss, cognitive impairment and diminution of the cholinergic tone, due to the dying cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain, are common hallmarks in patients with AD. By taking advantage of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs), the degradation of acetylcholine (ACh) is decreased leading to enhanced cholinergic neurotransmission in the aforementioned region and ultimately improves the clinical condition of AD patients. In this work, new carbamates were designed as inhibitors of FAAH and cholinestrases (ChEs) (acetylcholinestrase (AChE), butyrylcholinestrase (BuChE)) inspired by the structure of the native substrates, structure of active sites and the SARs of the well-known inhibitors of these enzymes. All the designed compounds were synthesized using different reactions. All the target compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity against FAAH and ChEs by employing the Cayman assay kit and Elman method respectively. Generally, compounds possessing aminomethyl phenyl linker was more potent compared to their corresponding compounds possessing piperazinyl ethyl linker. The inhibitory potential of the compounds 3a-q extended from 0.83 ± 0.03 μM (3i) to ˃100 μM (3a) for FAAH, 0.39 ± 0.02 μM (3i) to 24% inhibition in 113 ± 4.8 μM (3b) for AChE, and 1.8 ± 3.2 μM (3i) to 23.2 ± 0.2 μM (3b) for BuChE. Compound 3i a heptyl carbamate analog possessing 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin ring and aminomethyl phenyl linker showed the most inhibitory activity against three enzymes. Also, compound 3i was investigated for memory improvement using the Morris water maze test in which the compound showed better memory improvement at 10 mg/kg compared to reference drug rivastigmine at 2.5 mg/kg. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies of compound 3i into the enzymes displayed the possible interactions of key residues of the active sites with compound 3i. Finally, kinetic study indicated that 3i inhibits AChE through the mixed- mode mechanism and non-competitive inhibition mechanism was revealed for BuChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Faal Maleki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Nadri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mostafa Kianfar
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Eisvand
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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18
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Mirzaei S, Eisvand F, Hadizadeh F, Mosaffa F, Ghodsi R. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 5,6,7-trimethoxy quinolines as potential anticancer agents and tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2021; 23:1527-1537. [PMID: 33489025 PMCID: PMC7811808 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.43303.10168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective(s): Microtubules have key roles in essential cellular processes such as mitosis, cell motion, and intracellular organelle transport. Increasing interest has been given to tubulin binding compounds after the introduction of taxanes into clinical oncology. The object of this study was synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5,6,7-trimethoxy quinolines as tubulin inhibitors. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized compounds was assessed against different human cancer cell lines including MCF-7, A2780, MCF-7/MX, A2780/RCIS, and normal cells. Compounds demonstrating the most antiproliferative activity, were chosen to examine their tubulin inhibition activity and their ability to arrest the cell cycle and induce apoptosis. Molecular docking studies and molecular dynamics simulation of compound 7e in the catalytic site of tubulin were performed. Results: Most of the synthesized quinolines showed moderate to significant cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells. Compounds 7e and 7f, possessing N-(4-benzoyl phenyl) and N-(4-phenoxy phenyl), respectively, exhibited the most antiproliferative activity more potent than the other compounds and exhibited similar antiproliferative activity on both resistant and parental cancer cells. Conclusion: Flow cytometry analysis of A2780, A2780/RCIS, MCF-7, and MCF-7/MX cancer cells treated with 7e and 7f exhibited that these compounds arrested the cell cycle (at the G2/M phase) and induced cellular apoptosis in A2780 cancer cells. These quinolines inhibited tubulin polymerization in a way resembling that of CA-4. Molecular dynamics simulation and molecular docking studies of compound 7e into the binding site of tubulin displayed the probable interactions of 7e with the binding site of tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salimeh Mirzaei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farhad Eisvand
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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19
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Mirzaei S, Qayumov M, Gangi F, Behravan J, Ghodsi R. Synthesis and biological evaluation of oxazinonaphthalene-3-one derivatives as potential anticancer agents and tubulin inhibitors. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2020; 23:1388-1395. [PMID: 33235695 PMCID: PMC7671423 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.40845.9648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In the present study, a new series of oxazinonaphthalene-3-one analogs was designed and synthesized as novel tubulin inhibitors. Materials and Methods The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against four human cancer cell lines including A2780 (human ovarian carcinoma), A2780/RCIS (cisplatin resistant human ovarian carcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells), and MCF-7/MX (mitoxantrone resistant human breast cancer cells), those compounds which demonstrated the most antiproliferative activity in the MTT test were selected to investigate their tubulin inhibition activity and their effects on cell cycle arrest (at the G2/M phase). Moreover, molecular docking studies of the selected compounds in the catalytic site of tubulin (PDB ID: 4O2B) were carried out to describe the results of biological experiments. Results Most of our compounds exhibited significant to moderate cytotoxic activity against four human cancer cell lines. Among them, Compounds 4d, 5c, and 5g, possessing trimethoxy phenyl, showed the most antiproliferative activity with IC50 values ranging from 4.47 to 52.8 μM. Conclusion The flow cytometric analysis of A2780 cancer cell line treated with compounds 4d, 5c, and 5g showed that these compounds induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Compound 5g, the most antiproliferative compound, inhibited tubulin polymerization in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking studies of 5g into the colchicine-binding site of tubulin displayed a possible mode of interaction between this compound and tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salimeh Mirzaei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maqsudjon Qayumov
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Gangi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Behravan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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20
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Yousefian M, Ghodsi R. Structure-activity relationship studies of indolin-2-one derivatives as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors and anticancer agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000022. [PMID: 32885522 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a requirement for the growth of cancer cells. The family of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) is the main target in metastasis. Indolin-2-one is proved to be an essential scaffold of antiangiogenic drugs. Sunitinib is the first oral indolin-2-one derivative marketed as a VEGFR inhibitor in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Therefore, novel compounds possessing the scaffold of sunitinib were designed and synthesized by different researchers to improve the anticancer activity, bioavailability, and solubility, and to decrease the toxicity of sunitinib. In this comprehensive review, the structure-activity relationship of different indolin-2-one analogs as VEGFR inhibitors is discussed. It has been observed that the indolin-2-one core is necessary for the inhibition of VEGFRs. It was determined that substitutions at C-3 of the oxindole ring play an important role in their antiangiogenic and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Yousefian
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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21
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Mirzaei S, Eisvand F, Hadizadeh F, Mosaffa F, Ghasemi A, Ghodsi R. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 5,6,7-trimethoxy-N-aryl-2-styrylquinolin-4-amines as potential anticancer agents and tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103711. [PMID: 32179282 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A new series of styrylquinolines was designed and synthesized as anticancer agents and tubulin polymerization inhibitors. The in vitro anticancer activity of the synthesized quinolines was evaluated against four human cancer cell lines including A-2780 (human ovarian carcinoma), A-2780/RCIS (cisplatin resistant human ovarian carcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells), MCF-7/MX (mitoxantrone resistant human breast cancer cells) and normal Huvec cells. Generally, among the forty-eight newly synthesized quinolines, compounds possessing N-trimethoxy phenyl showed stronger cytotoxic activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.38 to 5.01 μM against all four cancer cell lines. Compounds 9VII-c and 9IV-c showed significant cytotoxic activity on A-2780 cancer cells, stronger than the other compounds and comparable to reference drug CA-4. Compound 9IV-c possessing 3,4-dimethoxystyryl and N-trimethoxy phenyl groups demonstrated potent cytotoxic effects with IC50 values ranging from 0.5 to 1.66 µM on resistant cancer cells as well as their parental cells. Annexin V binding staining assay in A-2780 and MCF-7/MX cancer cells, revealed that compound 9IV-c induced early and late apoptosis. Compounds 9IV-c and 9VII-b, inhibited tubulin polymerization similar to CA4. Finally, molecular docking studies of 9IV-c and 9VII-b into the colchicine-binding site of tubulin displayed the possible interactions of these compounds with tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salimeh Mirzaei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farhad Eisvand
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Ghasemi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology-Hematology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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22
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Mirzaei S, Hadizadeh F, Eisvand F, Mosaffa F, Ghodsi R. Synthesis, structure-activity relationship and molecular docking studies of novel quinoline-chalcone hybrids as potential anticancer agents and tubulin inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Karimikia E, Behravan J, Zarghi A, Ghandadi M, Omid Malayeri S, Ghodsi R. Colchicine-like β-acetamidoketones as inhibitors of microtubule polymerization: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of in vitro anticancer activity. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2019; 22:1138-1146. [PMID: 31998454 PMCID: PMC6885397 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.34760.8242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study a series of novel colchicine-like β-acetamidoketones was designed and synthesized as potential tubulin inhibitors. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity of the novel synthesized β-acetamidoketones was assessed against two cancerous cell lines including MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells) and A549 (adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells) employing the MTT test. Tubulin polymerization test was done by using a commercial kit (tubulin polymerization assay kit). RESULTS In general, the cytotoxicity activities were highly dependent on the aromatic substitution pattern of phenyl ring at β position of β-acetamidoketones. Based upon, compound 4f possessing the same structural elements of colchicine and chalcone 1, revealed the most cytotoxicity more than the other β-acetamidoketone against the cancerous cell lines and showed moderate antitubulin effect. The tubulin inhibitory effect of 4f, colchicine and chalcone 1 were consistent with their antiproliferative activities. Molecular docking studies of 4f, into the colchicine-binding site of tubulin exhibited possible mode of interaction between this compound and tubulin. CONCLUSION The structure activity relationship (SAR) data attained showed that the presence of trimethoxy phenyl attached to carbonyl group of β-acetamidoketones and a methoxy group at para position of the other ring are essential for cytotoxic activity. In general, the cytotoxicity activities were highly dependent on the aromatic substitution pattern of phenyl ring at β position of β-acetamidoketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Karimikia
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Behravan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghandadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sina Omid Malayeri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Behbahani FS, Tabeshpour J, Mirzaei S, Golmakaniyoon S, Tayarani‐Najaran Z, Ghasemi A, Ghodsi R. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel benzo[
c
]acridine‐diones as potential anticancer agents and tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800307. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shaebani Behbahani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
| | - Jamshid Tabeshpour
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
| | - Salimeh Mirzaei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
| | - Sima Golmakaniyoon
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani‐Najaran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
| | - Ali Ghasemi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad Iran
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Jafari F, Baghayi H, Lavaee P, Hadizadeh F, Soltani F, Moallemzadeh H, Mirzaei S, Aboutorabzadeh SM, Ghodsi R. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel benzo- and tetrahydrobenzo-[h]quinoline derivatives as potential DNA-intercalating antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:292-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Golmakaniyoon S, Askari VR, Abnous K, Zarghi A, Ghodsi R. Synthesis, Characterization and In-vitro Evaluation of Novel Naphthoquinone Derivatives and Related Imines: Identification of New Anticancer Leads. Iran J Pharm Res 2019; 18:16-29. [PMID: 31089340 PMCID: PMC6487425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Quinones such as 1,4-naphthoquinones are abundant in nature and naphthoquinone based natural products are known to possess anticancer activity. This pharmacophore is known to convey anticancer activity to some drugs such as streptonigrin, mitomycin A, etc. We synthesized and characterized different classes of naphthoquinone derivatives including bis naphthoquinone, 2-arylaminonaphthoquinone, benzoxantene-6,11-dione and benzoacridine-5,6-dione derivatives instead of the expected 2-hydroxy-3-(substituted phenyl(aryl amino)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione derivatives from the reaction of 2-hydroxy1,4-naphthoquinone (lawson) with different benzaldehydes and aryl amines. Benzoacridine-5,6-dione derivatives and related imines showed potent anti-breast cancer activity in MCF-7 cancer cells. The in-vitro results revealed that five compounds benzoacridinedione derivatives (6b and 7b) and imines (13, 14 and 15) by the IC50 range of 5.4-47.99 μM are the most potent anti-breast cancer structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Golmakaniyoon
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ,Corresponding author: E-mail:
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Rahimi VB, Askari VR, Shirazinia R, Soheili-Far S, Askari N, Rahmanian-Devin P, Sanei-Far Z, Mousavi SH, Ghodsi R. Protective effects of hydro-ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula on primary microglia cells and their polarization (M1/M2 balance). Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018; 25:5-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Ghodsi R, Safarnejad M, Malayeri SO, Golmakanion S. 3,3′-(Arylmethylene)bis(2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione) as the Main Product of the Mannich Reaction of 2-Hydroxy-1,4-Naphthoquinone with 4 H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-Amine and Various Aldehydes. Journal of Chemical Research 2018. [DOI: 10.3184/174751918x15242406216491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Mannich reaction of lawsone with various aldehydes and 4 H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine gave unexpected 3,3′-(arylmethylene)bis(2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione) derivatives. With 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde under the same conditions, it led to the formation of 3-hydroxy-12-(3-hydroxy-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)-6 H-benzo[ b]xanthene-6,11(12 H)-dione instead of various triazolylaminonaphthoquinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Morteza Safarnejad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sina Omid Malayeri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sima Golmakanion
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Aboutorabzadeh SM, Mosaffa F, Hadizadeh F, Ghodsi R. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 6-methoxy-2-arylquinolines as potential P-glycoprotein inhibitors. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2018; 21:9-18. [PMID: 29372031 PMCID: PMC5776443 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.21892.5616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): In the present study, a new series of 6-methoxy-2-arylquinoline analogues was designed and synthesized as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors using quinine and flavones as the lead compounds. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against two human cancer cell lines including EPG85-257RDB, multidrug-resistant gastric carcinoma cells (P-gp-positive gastric carcinoma cell line), and EPG85-257P, drug-sensitive gastric carcinoma cells. Compounds showing low to moderate toxicity in the MTT test were selected to investigate their P-gp inhibition activity. Moreover, trying to explain the results of biological experiments, docking studies of the selected compounds into the homology-modeled human P-gp, were carried out. The physicochemical and ADME properties of the compounds as drug candidate were also predicted. Results: Most of our compounds exhibited negligible or much lower cytotoxic effect in both cancer cells. Among the series, 5a and 5b, alcoholic quinoline derivatives were found to inhibit the efflux of rhodamine 123 at the concentration of 10 μM significantly. Conclusion: Among the tested quinolines, 5a and 5b showed the most potent P-gp inhibitory activity in the series and were 1.3-fold and 2.1-fold stronger than verapamil, respectively. SAR data revealed that hydroxyl methyl in position 4 of quinolines has a key role in P-gp efflux inhibition of our compounds. ADME studies suggested that all of the compounds included in this study may have a good human intestinal absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Mohammad Aboutorabzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Hadizadeh F, Sedighi N, Ghodsi R, Karimi G, Kamali H. In vivo evaluation of the aromatase inhibition by 4-((1H-imidazol-1-yl) methyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)- 8-phenylquinoline. Int J Pharm Investig 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/jphi.jphi_17_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abdizadeh T, Ghodsi R, Hadizadeh F. 3D-QSAR (CoMFA, CoMSIA) and Molecular Docking Studies on Histone Deacetylase 1 Selective Inhibitors. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2017; 12:365-383. [PMID: 28482791 DOI: 10.2174/1574892812666170508125927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are attractive therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. There are numerous published patent applications till 2017. It was claimed that novel HDACIs were optimized as potential drug candidates, designed for regional or systemic release, and created as significant inhibitors. OBJECTIVE In the present study, 3D-QSAR and molecular docking were used to provide a theoretical basis for finding highly potent anti-tumor drugs. METHODS QSAR was used to generate models and predict the HDAC1 inhibitory activity using the Sybyl program (x1.2 version). Biaryl benzamides (n=73) as selective HDAC1 inhibitors were selected as our data set, which was split randomly into training (n=63) and test sets (n=10). Docking was carried out using the MOE software. Partial least square was used as QSAR model-generation method. External validation and cross-validation (leave-one-out and leave-10-out) were used as validation methods. RESULTS Both CoMFA (q2, 0.663; rncv 2 , 0.909) and CoMSIA models (q2, 0.628; rncv 2 , 0.877) for training set yielded significant statistical results. The predictive ability of the derived models was examined by a test set of 10 compounds and external validation results displayed rpred 2 and rm 2 values of 0.767 and 0.664 for CoMFA and 0.722 and 0.750 for CoMSIA, respectively. CONCLUSION The obtained models showed a good predictive ability in both internal and external validation and could be used for designing new biaryl benzamides as potent HDAC1 inhibitors in cancer treatment. The amido and amine groups of benzamide part as scaffold and the bulk groups as a hydrophobic part were key factors to improve inhibitory activity of HDACIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Abdizadeh
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran
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Hosseinzadeh H, Mazaheri F, Ghodsi R. Pharmacological effects of a synthetic quinoline, a hybrid of tomoxiprole and naproxen, against acute pain and inflammation in mice: a behavioral and docking study. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2017; 20:446-450. [PMID: 28804615 PMCID: PMC5425928 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.8588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): In the present study, we investigated the potential anti-nociceptive activity and acute anti-inflammatory effect of a synthetic quinoline compound (2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)benzo[h]quinoline-4-carboxylic acid, QC), possessing structural elements of both naproxen and tomoxiprole drugs. Materials and Methods: The anti-nociceptive activity of QC was evaluated using chemical- and thermal-induced nociception models and its acute anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by xylene-induced ear edema test in mice. Results: QC displayed a dose dependent effect in both acute anti-nociceptive tests (writhing and hot plate). This compound at dose of 6.562 mg/kg showed a high anti-nociceptive effect near equal to diclofenac 5 mg/kg. It also showed high anti-inflammatory effects (less than 6.562 mg/kg) comparable to those of reference drugs diclofenac (5 mg/kg) and celecoxib (100 mg/kg). Docking study showed that this quinoline derivative could inhibit COX-2 enzyme strongly. Conclusion: QC showed high anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects comparable to reference drugs and can exert its anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities through COX-2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mazaheri
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Abdizadeh T, Kalani MR, Abnous K, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Khashyarmanesh BZ, Abdizadeh R, Ghodsi R, Hadizadeh F. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel coumarin-based benzamides as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors and anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 132:42-62. [PMID: 28340413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are attractive therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. It has four classes (I-IV), among them especially class I isozyme are involved in promoting tumor cells proliferation, angiogenesis, differentiation, invasion and metastasis and also viable targets for cancer therapeutics. A novel series of coumarin-based benzamides was designed and synthesized as HDAC inhibitors. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds (8a-u) was evaluated against six human cancer cell lines including HCT116, A2780, MCF7, PC3, HL60 and A549 and a single normal cell line (Huvec). We evaluated their inhibitory activities against pan HDAC and HDAC1 isoform. Four compounds (8f, 8q, 8r and 8u) showed significant cytotoxicity with IC50 in the range of 0.53-57.59 μM on cancer cells and potent pan-HDAC inhibitory activity (consists of HDAC isoenzymes) (IC50 = 0.80-14.81 μM) and HDAC1 inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.47-0.87 μM and also, had no effect on Huvec (human normal cell line) viability (IC50 > 100 μM). Among them, 8u displayed a higher potency for HDAC1 inhibition with IC50 value of 0.47 ± 0.02 μM near equal to the reference drug Entinostat (IC50 = 0.41 ± 0.06 μM). Molecular docking studies and Molecular dynamics simulation of compound 8a displayed possible mode of interaction between this compound and HDAC1enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Abdizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Kalani
- School of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States; Department of Molecular Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bibi Zahra Khashyarmanesh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rahman Abdizadeh
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Shobeiri N, Rashedi M, Mosaffa F, Zarghi A, Ghandadi M, Ghasemi A, Ghodsi R. Synthesis and biological evaluation of quinoline analogues of flavones as potential anticancer agents and tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 114:14-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Ghodsi R, Azizi E, Zarghi A. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of4-(Imidazolylmethyl)-2-(4-methylsulfonyl phenyl)-Quinoline Derivatives as Selective COX-2 Inhibitors and In-vitro Anti-breast Cancer Agents. Iran J Pharm Res 2016; 15:169-77. [PMID: 27610157 PMCID: PMC4986100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A new group of 4-(Imidazolylmethyl)quinoline derivatives possessing a methylsulfonyl COX-2 pharmacophore at the para position of the C-2 phenyl ring were designed and synthesized as selective COX-2 inhibitors and in-vitroanti breast cancer agents. In-vitro COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition studies showed that all the compounds were potent and selective inhibitors of the COX-2 isozyme with IC50 values in the potent range 0.063-0.090 µM, and COX-2 selectivity indexes in the 179.9 to 547.6 range. Molecular modeling studies indicated that the methylsulfonyl substituent can be inserted into the secondary pocket of COX-2 active site for interactions with Arg(513). Cytotoxicity of quinolines 9a-e against human breast cancer MCF-7 and T47D cell lines were also evaluated. All the compounds 9a-e were more cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells in comparison with those of T47D which express aromatase mRNA less than MCF-7 cells.The data showed that the increase of lipophilic properties of substituents on the C-7 and C-8 quinoline ring increased their cytotoxicity on MCF-7cells andCOX-2 inhibitory activity. Among the quinolines 9a-e, 4-((1H-Imidazol-1-yl)methyl) 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-2-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-benzo[h]quinoline (9d)was identified as the most potent andselective COX-2inhibitor as well as the most cytotoxic agent against MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Azizi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,E-mail:
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Ghodsi R, Azizi E, Grazia Ferlin M, Pezzi V, Zarghi A. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 4-(Imidazolylmethyl)-2- Aryl-Quinoline Derivatives as Aromatase Inhibitors and Anti-breast Cancer Agents. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2015. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180812666150611185605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Babapour R, Naghdi R, Ghajar I, Ghodsi R. Modeling the proportion of cut slopes rock on forest roads using artificial neural network and ordinal linear regression. Environ Monit Assess 2015; 187:446. [PMID: 26092244 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Rock proportion of subsoil directly influences the cost of embankment in forest road construction. Therefore, developing a reliable framework for rock ratio estimation prior to the road planning could lead to more light excavation and less cost operations. Prediction of rock proportion was subjected to statistical analyses using the application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in MATLAB and five link functions of ordinal logistic regression (OLR) according to the rock type and terrain slope properties. In addition to bed rock and slope maps, more than 100 sample data of rock proportion were collected, observed by geologists, from any available bed rock of every slope class. Four predictive models were developed for rock proportion, employing independent variables and applying both the selected probit link function of OLR and Layer Recurrent and Feed forward back propagation networks of Neural Networks. In ANN, different numbers of neurons are considered for the hidden layer(s). Goodness of the fit measures distinguished that ANN models produced better results than OLR with R (2) = 0.72 and Root Mean Square Error = 0.42. Furthermore, in order to show the applicability of the proposed approach, and to illustrate the variability of rock proportion resulted from the model application, the optimum models were applied to a mountainous forest in where forest road network had been constructed in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Babapour
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Someh Sara, P.O. Box 1144, Iran
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Ghasemi A, Keikhaei B, Ghodsi R. Side effects of hydroxyurea in patients with Thalassemia major and thalassemia intermedia and sickle cell anemia. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY 2014; 4:114-7. [PMID: 25254090 PMCID: PMC4173031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle hemoglobin is the most common abnormal hemoglobin in the United States. Hemoglobin S arises as a result of a single amino acid substitution (glutamic acid to valin at position 6 of the β-globine chain). The presence of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) plays a relatively protective role since a significant amount of HbF interferes with HbS polymerization, the pathogenesis mechanism of the vaso-occlusive symptoms that are the major contributor of the morbidity and mortality of this condition Thalassemia major and thalassemia intermedia have no specific molecular correlate but encompass a wide spectrum of clinical and laboratory abnormalities. Hydroxyurea (HU), an s-phase-specific and non-DNA-hypomethylating chemotherapeutic agents is capable of inducing HbF synthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was done on 56 patients, 28 patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) and 28 patients with intermediate or major β-thalassemia. Start dose of HU was 10 mg/kg per day and increased by 5 mg/kg per day every 4-6 weeks until toxicity or according to clinical response. RESULTS The side effects were dermatologic in 39.28%, neurologic 23.2%, gastrointestinal 17.5% and hematologic 10.71% of patients. the statistical analysis didn't show significant relationship between variables such as history of blood transfusion, duration of HU treatment, age of start HU, age of diagnosis, dose of HU and ethnic with occurrence of HU adverse effects. CONCLUSION The HU therapy in our patients tolerated well and side effects were minor to moderate, benign and transient.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghasemi
- Assistant professor of pediatric hematology and oncology, faculty of medicine , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,Iran.,Corresponding Author: Ghasemi A MD, Ghasemi A, pediatric hematologist & oncologist, faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad Iran,
| | - B Keikhaei
- Associate professor of pediatric hematology and oncology, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, (research center for thalassemia and hemoglobinopathy)
| | - R Ghodsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad/Iran
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Ferlin MG, Carta D, Bortolozzi R, Ghodsi R, Chimento A, Pezzi V, Moro S, Hanke N, Hartmann RW, Basso G, Viola G. Design, Synthesis, and Structure–Activity Relationships of Azolylmethylpyrroloquinolines as Nonsteroidal Aromatase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:7536-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jm400377z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Ferlin
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Carta
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Bortolozzi
- Laboratory
of Oncohematology, Department of Women’s and Children’s
Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 91735, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Adele Chimento
- Department
of Pharmaco-Biology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Calabria, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pezzi
- Department
of Pharmaco-Biology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036, Calabria, Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Nina Hanke
- Pharmaceutical
and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C 2.3, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Pharmaceutical
and Medicinal Chemistry, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus C 2.3 P.O., D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- Laboratory
of Oncohematology, Department of Women’s and Children’s
Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Laboratory
of Oncohematology, Department of Women’s and Children’s
Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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Abstract
A number of newly developed antiepileptic drugs are currently in use, among them Lamotrigine (LTG) is more common. Despite the extensive use of this drug, it has not been possible to predict the side effects especially the hepatotoxic reactions after long-term treatment. The present study was designed to find out alterations in the activities of liver enzymes after chronic exposure of rats to different dose of LTG. Adults male (Wistar) rats were treated orally with LTG [5 mg/kg body weight or 25 mg/kg body wt.] for 60 days. After the experimental period, auto analyzer carried out liver function tests. The liver histopathology was obtained after scarifying the rats. There was a significant increase in the level of ALP, AST, ALT and bilirubin at therapeutic dose of LTG. The increase level of these enzymes and bilirubin at toxic dose were much higher and significant. However, the total protein and albumin significantly decreased at toxic dose of LTG. Elevation of liver enzymes and bilirubin after chronic exposure of rats to high dose of LTG reflects hepatocellular damage that may lead to hepatitis. It is concluded that regular liver function and drug monitoring should follow the treatment with LTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Meshkibaf
- Department of Biochemistry, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Fars, Iran
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Zarghi A, Javid FS, Ghodsi R, Dadrass OG, Daraei B, Hedayati M. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new 5,5-diarylhydantoin derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Sci Pharm 2011; 79:449-60. [PMID: 21886896 PMCID: PMC3163375 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1104-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A new group of 5,5-diarylhydantoin derivatives bearing a methylsulfonyl COX-2 pharmacophore at the para position of the C-5 phenyl ring were designed and synthesized as selective COX-2 inhibitors. In vitro COX-1/COX-2 inhibition structure-activity relationships identified 5-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-phenyl-hydantoin (4) as a highly potent and selective COX-2 inhibitor (COX-2 IC(50) = 0.077 μM; selectivity index > 1298). It was more selective than the reference drug celecoxib (COX-2 IC(50) = 0.060 μM; selectivity index = 405). A molecular modeling study where 4 was docked in the binding site of COX-2 indicated that the p-MeSO(2) COX-2 pharmacophore group on the C-5 phenyl ring is oriented in the vicinity of the COX-2 secondary pocket. The results of this study showed that the type of substituent on the N-3 hydantoin ring substituent is important for COX-2 inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zarghi A, Ghodsi R. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of ketoprofen analogs as potent cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:5855-60. [PMID: 20650641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A new series of ketoprofen analogs were synthesized to evaluate their biological activities as selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. In vitro COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition studies showed that all compounds were potent and selective inhibitors of the COX-2 isozyme with IC(50) values in the highly potent 0.057-0.085 microM range, and COX-2 selectivity indexes in the 115 to >1298.7 range. Compounds possessing azido pharmacophore group (8a and 8b) exhibited highly COX-2 inhibitory selectivity and potency even more than reference drug celecoxib. Molecular modeling studies indicated that the azido substituent can be inserted deeply into the secondary pocket of COX-2 active site for interactions with Arg(513).
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ghodsi R, Zarghi A, Daraei B, Hedayati M. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new 2,3-diarylquinoline derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1029-33. [PMID: 20061161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 12/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A new group of 2,3-diarylquinoline derivatives possessing a methylsulfonyl COX-2 pharmacophore at the para-position of the C-2 phenyl ring were synthesized and evaluated as selective COX-2 inhibitors. In vitro COX-1/COX-2 structure-activity relationships were determined by varying the substituents on the C-4 quinoline ring. Among the 2,3-diarylquinolines, 2-(4-(methylsulfonyl) phenyl)-3-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid (8) exhibited the highest potency and selectivity for COX-2 inhibitory activity (COX-2 IC(50)=0.07 microM; selectivity index=687.1) that was more selective than the reference drug celecoxib (COX-2 IC(50)=0.06 microM; selectivity index=405). A molecular modeling study where 8 was docked in the binding site of COX-2 indicated that the p-MeSO(2) COX-2 pharmacophore group on the C-2 phenyl ring is oriented in the vicinity of the COX-2 secondary pocket (Arg(513), Phe(518) and Val(523)) and the carboxylic acid substituent can interact with Ser(530). The structure activity data acquired indicate that the size and nature of the C-4 quinoline substituent are important for COX-2 inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Ghodsi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University MC, Tehran, Iran
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Zarghi A, Ghodsi R, Azizi E, Daraie B, Hedayati M, Dadrass OG. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new 4-carboxyl quinoline derivatives as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:5312-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2009] [Revised: 05/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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