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Takaoka A, Zytaruk N, Davis M, Matte A, Johnstone J, Lauzier F, Marshall J, Adhikari N, Clarke FJ, Rochwerg B, Lamontagne F, Hand L, Watpool I, Porteous RK, Masse MH, D'Aragon F, Niven D, Heels-Ansdell D, Duan E, Dionne J, English S, St-Arnaud C, Millen T, Cook DJ. Monitoring and auditing protocol adherence, data integrity and ethical conduct of a randomized clinical trial: A case study. J Crit Care 2022; 71:154094. [PMID: 35724443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2022.154094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To categorize, quantify and interpret findings documented in feedback letters of monitoring or auditing visits for an investigator-initiated, peer-review funded multicenter randomized trial testing probiotics for critically ill patients. MATERIALS & METHODS In 37 Canadian centers, monitoring and auditing visits were performed by 3 trained individuals; findings were reported in feedback letters. At trial termination, we performed duplicate content analysis on letters, categorizing observations first into unique findings, followed by 10 pre-determined trial quality management domains. We further classified each observation into a) missing operational records, b) errors in process, and potential threats to c) data integrity, d) patient privacy or e) safety. RESULTS Across 37 monitoring or auditing visits, 75 unique findings were categorized into 10 domains. Most frequently, observations were in domains of training documentation (180/566 [32%]) and the informed consent process (133/566 [23%]). Most observations were missing operational records (438/566 [77%]) rather than errors in process (128/566 [23%]). Of 75 findings, 13 (62/566 observations [11%]) posed a potential threat to data integrity, 1 (1/566 observation [0.18%]) to patient privacy, and 9 (49/566 observations [8.7%]) to patient safety. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring and auditing findings predominantly concerned missing documentation with minimal threats to data integrity, patient privacy or safety. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPECT (Probiotics: Prevention of Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial): NCT02462590.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson Takaoka
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Nicole Zytaruk
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Megan Davis
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Andrea Matte
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Humber River Hospital, North York, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennie Johnstone
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology & Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - François Lauzier
- Department of Critical Care, Université Laval, Laval, Quebec, Canada.
| | - John Marshall
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Neill Adhikari
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - France J Clarke
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Bram Rochwerg
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - François Lamontagne
- Department of Critical Care, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Lori Hand
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Irene Watpool
- Department of Critical Care, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Rebecca K Porteous
- Department of Critical Care, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Marie-Hélène Masse
- Department of Critical Care, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Frédérick D'Aragon
- Department of Critical Care, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Daniel Niven
- Department of Critical Care, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Diane Heels-Ansdell
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Erick Duan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Joanna Dionne
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Shane English
- Department of Critical Care, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Charles St-Arnaud
- Department of Critical Care, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Tina Millen
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Deborah J Cook
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Attenborough RD, Porteous RK, Gardner DS. Longitudinal weight growth patterns in the highland fringes of West Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea: a comparison of three groups. Ann Hum Biol 1995; 22:131-50. [PMID: 7618854 DOI: 10.1080/03014469500003792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal weight growth data from three groups in West Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea, are compared. A form of analysis based on the four-parameter Jenss curve is adopted, to allow intelligible comparisons of parameter means despite irregular weighing schedules for individual children. Although many weighing records include notes of a child's ill-health (e.g. malaria), omission of these weighings does not have a large effect on the results. Some significant sex differences were found, but do not appear to be importantly confounded with group differences. Of the three groups compared, the East Mianmin live at moderate altitude, the Imnai live at low altitude, and the West Mianmin are a migrant group from moderate to low altitude. In principle the analysis could have shown the groups to be differentiated by altitude of current residence (suggesting the influence of environmental factors), by altitude of ancestral residence (suggesting the influence of genetic and/or cultural factors) or by some interaction of causal factors. Findings on most parameters suggest interaction. Neither moderate nor low-altitude conditions appear consistently more favourable to rapid growth; it is suggested that the advantage of a more favourable disease environment at moderate altitude may be at least partially offset by a nutritional disadvantage. The effect of environmental conditions may also be non-uniform, especially for young infants, since infants of the migrant group, the West Mianmin, are born heaviest but grow more slowly in the early months than infants of either non-migrant group.
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