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Elsayed M, Moustafa YM, Mehanna ET, Elrayess RA, El-Sayed NM, Hazem RM. Empagliflozin protects against isoprenaline-induced fibrosis in rat heart through modulation of TGF-β/SMAD pathway. Life Sci 2024; 337:122354. [PMID: 38110076 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cardiac fibrosis is characterized by excessive accumulation of fibrous tissue, particularly collagens, in the myocardium. Accumulated fibrous tissue renders myocardium stiffer and reduces its contractility. Empagliflozin is an oral hypoglycemic agent with extra-diabetic functional profile toward maintaining cardiac functions. The present study aimed to examine protective effect of empagliflozin against an in-vivo model of cardiac fibrosis induced by isoprenaline and targeting TGF-β/SMAD signaling as a possible pathway responsible for such effect. MAIN METHODS Sixty animals were divided into six groups; the first was normal, and the second was treated with isoprenaline only (5 mg/kg/day I.P.) as a control. The third received pirfenidone (500 mg/kg/day P.O.), and the remaining groups received graded doses (5, 10, 20 mg/kg respectively) of empagliflozin for 14 days before fibrosis induction by isoprenaline (5 mg/kg/day) for 30 days. KEY FINDINGS Isoprenaline increased cardiac enzymes, and cardiac tissues revealed elevated concentrations of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) proteins. Expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagens, suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMADs), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and fibronectin was upregulated. Empagliflozin improved the histological picture of heart tissue in comparison to fibrosis developed in controls, and protected against fibrosis through significant modulation of all mentioned parameters' concentrations and expressions. SIGNIFICANCE Empagliflozin demonstrated a promising protective approach against biological model of cardiac fibrosis through an anti-fibrotic effect through targeting TGF-β signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elsayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Eman T Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala 43713, Egypt.
| | - Ranwa A Elrayess
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Norhan M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Hazem RM, Aboslema RF, Mehanna ET, Kishk SM, Elsayed M, El-Sayed NM. Antitumor effect of trimetazidine in a model of solid Ehrlich carcinoma is mediated by inhibition of glycolytic pathway and AKT signaling. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 383:110672. [PMID: 37591408 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Disturbance in glucose metabolism was proposed to be a pathogenetic mechanism of breast cancer. Trimetazidine (TMZ) inhibits β-oxidation of fatty acids through blocking the activity of 3-ketoacylCoA thiolase enzyme, leading to enhancement of glucose oxidation and metabolic respiration. The present study aimed to examine the cytotoxic effect of TMZ in both in vivo and in vitro models of breast cancer, focusing on its impact on the expression of some glycolytic enzymes and AKT signaling. The cytotoxic effect of TMZ was screened against breast (MCF-7) cancer cell line at different concentrations [0.01-100 μM]. In vivo, graded doses (10, 20, 30 mg/kg) of TMZ were tested against solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) in mice. Tumor tissues were isolated for assessment of the expression of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) and glycolytic enzymes by quantitative PCR. The protein expression of AKT and cellular myelocytomatosis (c-Myc) was determined by western blotting, while p53 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Molecular docking study of TMZ effect on AKT and c-Myc was performed using Auto-Dock Vina docking program. TMZ showed a cytotoxic action against MCF-7 cells, having IC50 value of 2.95 μM. In vivo, TMZ reduced tumor weight, downregulated the expression of glycolytic enzymes, suppressed AKT signaling, but increased p53 expression. Molecular docking and in silico studies proposed that TMZ is an AKT and c-Myc selective inhibitor. In conclusion, TMZ demonstrated a viable approach to suppress tumor proliferation in biological models of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Rasha F Aboslema
- The Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Eman T Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Safaa M Kishk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Elsayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Norhan M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Samman WA, Selim SM, El Fayoumi HM, El-Sayed NM, Mehanna ET, Hazem RM. Dapagliflozin Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in Aluminum-Chloride-Induced Alzheimer's Disease via Modulation of AMPK/mTOR, Oxidative Stress and Glucose Metabolism. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050753. [PMID: 37242536 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological illness characterized by memory loss and cognitive deterioration. Dapagliflozin was suggested to attenuate the memory impairment associated with AD; however, its mechanisms were not fully elucidated. This study aims to examine the possible mechanisms of the neuroprotective effects of dapagliflozin against aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced AD. Rats were distributed into four groups: group 1 received saline, group 2 received AlCl3 (70 mg/kg) daily for 9 weeks, and groups 3 and 4 were administered AlCl3 (70 mg/kg) daily for 5 weeks. Dapagliflozin (1 mg/kg) and dapagliflozin (5 mg/kg) were then given daily with AlCl3 for another 4 weeks. Two behavioral experiments were performed: the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and the Y-maze spontaneous alternation (Y-maze) task. Histopathological alterations in the brain, as well as changes in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and amyloid β (Aβ) peptide activities and oxidative stress (OS) markers, were all evaluated. A western blot analysis was used for the detection of phosphorylated 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), phosphorylated mammalian target of Rapamycin (p-mTOR) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Tissue samples were collected for the isolation of glucose transporters (GLUTs) and glycolytic enzymes using PCR analysis, and brain glucose levels were also measured. The current data demonstrate that dapagliflozin represents a possible approach to combat AlCl3-induced AD in rats through inhibiting oxidative stress, enhancing glucose metabolism and activating AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waad A Samman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 30078, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma M Selim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sinai University, Kantara, Ismailia 41636, Egypt
| | - Hassan M El Fayoumi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sinai University, Kantara, Ismailia 41636, Egypt
| | - Norhan M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Eman T Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Faheem SA, Hazem RM, Elsayed NM, Ahmed YM, Saeed NM. Niclosamide modulates cyclosporin A-induced hepatotoxicity in a mouse model: PPAR-γ and Wnt/β-catenin crosstalk. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109941. [PMID: 37012891 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate whether: 1) Wnt/β-catenin signaling is involved in cyclosporin A (CsA)-induced hepatotoxicity, and 2) knockdown of this pathway by niclosamide (NCL) attenuate CsA-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS The experiment was accomplished in 21 days. Adult male mice were randomly distributed into five groups: control group, CsA (25 mg/kg/day) group, CsA + NCL (2.5 mg/kg/day) group, CsA + NCL (5 mg/kg/day) group, and NCL (5 mg/kg/day) group. RESULTS NCL showed marked hepatoprotection by significantly decreasing liver enzymes activities and ameliorating the histopathological alterations induced by CsA. Besides, NCL alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation. NCL-treated groups (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) displayed rise in the expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) by 2.1- and 2.5-fold, respectively. Notably, NCL (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) significantly inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling, evidenced by a marked decrease in the hepatic expression of Wnt3a by 54 % and 50 %, frizzled-7 receptor by 50 % and 50 %, β-catenin by 22 % and 49 %, and c-myc by 50 % and 50 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS NCL can be regarded as a potential agent to mitigate CsA-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa A Faheem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Norhan M Elsayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha M Saeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt.
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El-Azab MF, Al-Karmalawy AA, Antar SA, Hanna PA, Tawfik KM, Hazem RM. A novel role of Nano selenium and sildenafil on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats by modulation of inflammatory, oxidative, and apoptotic pathways. Life Sci 2022; 303:120691. [PMID: 35671809 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nano selenium, sildenafil, and their combination on inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Herein, a new anti-inflammatory pathway for sildenafil as a high-mobility group box (HMGB1) inhibitor was proposed using the molecular docking technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into 7 groups: normal control, control nano selenium, control sildenafil, control diabetic, diabetic+ nano selenium, diabetic+ sildenafil, diabetic+ nano selenium+ sildenafil. The effects of drugs were evaluated by measuring serum urea, creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), HMGB1, receptor advanced glycation end product (RAGE), malondialdehyde (MDA), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) by biochemical assays, nuclear factor-kappa b (NF-κB), toll-like receptor (TLR4) by immunohistochemistry, gene expressions of caspase 3 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) besides histopathological investigations of renal cells. KEY FINDINGS Results showed beneficial effects of 8 weeks of treatment by nano selenium and sildenafil supported by improvement in kidney function, histopathological changes, and reduction in all of these parameters. These results supported molecular docking that indicated sildenafil had a high binding score and interactions with the HMGB1 receptor. SIGNIFICANCE The current study demonstrated a renoprotective effect of nano‑selenium and sildenafil by interfering at multiple pathways, especially the HMGB1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F El-Azab
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt.
| | - Samar A Antar
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
| | - Pierre A Hanna
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Karim M Tawfik
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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Antar SA, El-Gammal MA, Hazem RM, Moustafa YM. Etanercept Mitigates Cadmium Chloride-induced Testicular Damage in Rats "An Insight into Autophagy, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation". Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:28194-28207. [PMID: 34993805 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental and occupational toxin that represents a serious health hazard to humans and other animals. One of the negative consequences of cadmium exposure is testicular injury. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of etanercept against cadmium chloride-induced testicular damage and the probable underlying mechanisms of its action. METHODS A total of sixty rats were divided into six groups: control, cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (7 mg/ kg i.p.), and CdCl2 treated with etanercept (5,10 and 15 mg/kg s.c.) and etanercept only (15 mg/kg s.c.). CdCl2 was administrated as a single dose, while etanercept was administered every 3 days for 3 weeks. RESULTS CdCl2 reduced serum testosterone, testicular glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). However, it elevated the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3B (LC3B) in the testes. Cadmium caused pathogenic alterations as well as increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Besides, the gene expressions of caspase-3 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) and Beclin-1 protein increased with CdCl2 exposure. Interestingly, etanercept relieved the previous toxic effects induced by CdCl2 in a dose-dependent manner as evidenced by inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, Beclin-1, LC3B, and caspase-3 accompanied by improvement in histopathological changes. CONCLUSION Etanercept provides a potential therapeutic approach to treat testicular tissue against the damaging effects of Cd by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A Antar
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt.
| | - Mohamad A El-Gammal
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
| | - Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Badr University Cairo, 11829, Egypt
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Elhady SS, Habib ES, Abdelhameed RFA, Goda MS, Hazem RM, Mehanna ET, Helal MA, Hosny KM, Diri RM, Hassanean HA, Ibrahim AK, Eltamany EE, Abdelmohsen UR, Ahmed SA. Anticancer Effects of New Ceramides Isolated from the Red Sea Red Algae Hypnea musciformis in a Model of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma: LC-HRMS Analysis Profile and Molecular Modeling. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20010063. [PMID: 35049918 PMCID: PMC8778197 DOI: 10.3390/md20010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Different classes of phytochemicals were previously isolated from the Red Sea algae Hypnea musciformis as sterols, ketosteroids, fatty acids, and terpenoids. Herein, we report the isolation of three fatty acids-docosanoic acid 4, hexadecenoic acid 5, and alpha hydroxy octadecanoic acid 6-as well as three ceramides-A (1), B (2), and C (3)-with 9-methyl-sphinga-4,8-dienes and phytosphingosine bases. Additionally, different phytochemicals were determined using the liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-HRMS) technique. Ceramides A (1) and B (2) exhibited promising in vitro cytotoxic activity against the human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line when compared with doxorubicin as a positive control. Further in vivo study and biochemical estimation in a mouse model of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) revealed that both ceramides A (1) and B (2) at doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg, respectively, significantly decreased the tumor size in mice inoculated with EAC cells. The higher dose (2 mg/kg) of ceramide B (2) particularly expressed the most pronounced decrease in serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor -B (VEGF-B) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) markers, as well as the expression levels of the growth factor midkine in tumor tissue relative to the EAC control group. The highest expression of apoptotic factors, p53, Bax, and caspase 3 was observed in the same group that received 2 mg/kg of ceramide B (2). Molecular docking simulations suggested that ceramides A (1) and B (2) could bind in the deep grove between the H2 helix and the Ser240-P250 loop of p53, preventing its interaction with MDM2 and leading to its accumulation. In conclusion, this study reports the cytotoxic, apoptotic, and antiangiogenic effects of ceramides isolated from the Red Sea algae Hypnea musciformis in an experimental model of EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Eman S. Habib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Reda F. A. Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala 43713, Egypt;
| | - Marwa S. Goda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Reem M. Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Eman T. Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Helal
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Reem M. Diri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hashim A. Hassanean
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Amany K. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Enas E. Eltamany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Safwat A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.S.H.); (M.S.G.); (H.A.H.); (A.K.I.); (E.E.E.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +20-010-92638387
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Hazem RM, Ibrahim AZ, Ali DA, Moustafa YM. Dapagliflozin improves steatohepatitis in diabetic rats via inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 104:108503. [PMID: 34998036 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type-2 diabetes mellitus and NAFLD are considered as one of the greatest worldwide metabolic disorders with growing incidence. It was found that patients with T2DM have two-fold increase to develop NAFLD. Evidence that some antidiabetic agents improve NAFLD/NASH in patients with T2DM is evolving. However, there are no certain pharmacologic therapies. The current study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms for the hepatoprotective effect of dapagliflozin against steatohepatitis in diabetic rats. Type-2 diabetes was induced by HFD followed by a single dose of STZ (30 mg/kg I.P). Fifty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Group1; normal control, Group 2; diabetic control, Groups (3-5); diabetic rats received daily dapagliflozin (0.75, 1.5, 3 mg/kg, p.o.) respectively for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood glucose level and serum insulin were measured. Hepatic tissue homogenization was performed for measuring inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. In addition, histopathological investigation of the hepatic tissue was done. Diabetic rats exhibited remarkable increase in liver weight and liver enzymes, along with histopathological changes, significant elevation in MDA, IL-1 β, TGFβ levels and, NF-κB, alpha-SMA expressions. Dapagliflozin treatment decreased liver weight, liver enzymes, together with marked improvement in histopathological changes. Furthermore, dapagliflozin increased antioxidant enzymes, GSH levels. Interestingly, Dapagliflozin reduced IL-1 β, TGFβ levels and, NF-κB, alpha-SMA expressions. Present data show that dapagliflozin represent a viable approach to protect the liver against diabetes-encouraged steatohepatitis through inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis progression thus conserving liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Z Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Dina A Ali
- Department of clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University, Cairo 11829, Egypt
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Hazem RM, Antar SA, Nafea YK, Al-Karmalawy AA, Saleh MA, El-Azab MF. Pirfenidone and vitamin D mitigate renal fibrosis induced by doxorubicin in mice with Ehrlich solid tumor. Life Sci 2022; 288:120185. [PMID: 34861286 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Doxorubicin is a prominent anticancer agent. However, its organotoxic potential has restricted its clinical use. The current study was performed to investigate the protective effect of pirfenidone and vitamin D against doxorubicin-triggered nephrotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female albino mice (5 mice per group) were inoculated with Ehrlish scites carcinoma (EAC) cells for induction of solid tumor and treated with pirfenidone 500 mg/kg orally (p.o.) or vitamin D 0.5 μg/kg intraperitonially (i.p.), either individually or combined with single doxorubicin (15 mg/kg; i.p.) dose. Additionally, 5 mice were served as a normal group. Treatment commenced 7 days after inoculation of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells and lasted for 14 days. KEY FINDINGS Pirfenidone and vitamin D enhanced the anti-tumor activity of doxorubicin, by decreasing tumor weight and volume. Doxorubicin increased kidney weights, creatinine, urea levels and collagen fibers deposition within renal tubules. Moreover, doxorubicin was associated with overexpression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) as both parameters assessed by kidney immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, histological signs of large areas of interistital fibrosis and cellular infiltration were significant with sole doxorubicin treatment. Notably, doxorubicin elevated both MCP1 and TGFB1 gene expression in addition to increasing the protein expression of Smad3 and Jun N-terminal Kinase-1 (JNK1) while decreasing that of Smad7. Pirfenidone in combined with vitamin D abolished doxorubicin-evoked disturbances in the aforementioned parameters and blunted all histological alterations. SIGNIFICANCE Pirfenidone and vitamin D demonstrated a viable approach to suppress the nephrotoxicity initiated by doxorubicin through inhibiting the JNK1 and MCP-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Samar A Antar
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Yossef K Nafea
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, the United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Mona F El-Azab
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Hazem RM, Mohamed AA, Ghareb N, Mehanna ET, Mesbah NM, Abo-Elmatty DM, Elgawish MS. Anti-cancer activity of two novel heterocyclic compounds through modulation of VEGFR and miR-122 in mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 892:173747. [PMID: 33232730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis in breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women in many countries. This study investigated the anti-cancer role of benzoimidazoquinazoline and benzimidazotriazin; two novel compounds that were designed, synthesized, structurally elucidated, and biologically evaluated as potent anti-angiogenic agents that act through inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2). Breast cancer was induced by inoculation of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells. Seventy swiss albino mice were randomly divided into 7 groups, 10 animals each: (1) normal, (2) control EAC group, (3) cisplatin treated group, (4&5) benzoimidazoquinazoline treated (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg), (6&7) benzimidazotriazin treated (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg). The expression of miR-122 was assessed in the tumor tissue by quantitative PCR, and the VEGF level was determined in serum by ELISA. VEGFR2 and cluster of differentiation (CD)34 were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Serum ALT, AST, creatinine, and urea were measured. Treatment with benzoimidazoquinazoline and benzimidazotriazin decreased tumor weight and serum levels of VEGF, and down-regulated expression of VEGFR2 and CD34 in the tumor tissue. miR-122 was upregulated, particularly in the benzimidazotriazin (10 mg/kg) group. Relative to cisplatin, the novel compounds were less toxic to kidneys. Benzoimidazoquinazoline and benzimidazotriazin are promising anti-cancer agents that act through inhibition of angiogenesis and thus provide a new strategy for advancement of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem M Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Anhar A Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Nagat Ghareb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Eman T Mehanna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Noha M Mesbah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Dina M Abo-Elmatty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Saleh Elgawish
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt; Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamic, Institute for Basic Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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11
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El-Azab MF, Hazem RM, Moustafa YM. Role of simvastatin and/or antioxidant vitamins in therapeutic angiogenesis in experimental diabetic hindlimb ischemia: effects on capillary density, angiogenesis markers, and oxidative stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 690:31-41. [PMID: 22705060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis has emerged as an attractive approach for the management of peripheral arterial disease in diabetic patients. Oxidative stress generated and aggravated by prolonged hyperglycemia may interfere with and destroy the newly formed blood vessels. Angiogenic effect of simvastatin has been reported; however, its exact mechanism is yet to be evaluated. In addition, the exact role of antioxidant vitamins in diabetic peripheral arterial disease is still controversial. The present study was undertaken to investigate the therapeutic potential of simvastatin and antioxidant vitamins (E and C) and their combined effects on angiogenesis in diabetic hind-limb ischemia. Streptozotocin diabetic rats were treated for 6 weeks with simvastatin either alone or in combination with vitamin E or vitamin C. Parameters of angiogenesis, nitric oxide, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and oxidative stress markers were evaluated. CD31 immunostaining revealed an increased capillary density in ischemic gastrocnemious tissue of diabetic rats treated with either simvastatin or its combination with vitamin C. This effect was accompanied by up-regulated plasma levels of HO-1, nitric oxide, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its intra-muscular receptor type-2 (Flk-1). Tissue reduced glutathione and antioxidant enzymes activities were normalized in groups treated with antioxidant vitamins or their combination with simvastatin with concomitant blunting of lipid peroxidation. Vitamins E and C, through their antioxidant effects, evidently enhanced the angiogenic effect of simvastatin in ischemic diabetic muscle. Hence, the use of antioxidant vitamins combined with statins to induce therapeutic angiogenesis is a promising strategy in the management of diabetes-associated peripheral arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F El-Azab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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