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Begum F, Nandakumar K, Shenoy RR. Investigation of the cellular and molecular effects of dehydrozingerone formulation on various days of diabetic wound repair. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:124. [PMID: 38566928 PMCID: PMC10984913 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cases of diabetes are significantly increasing year by year, attracting the attention of medical professionals and researchers to focus on diabetes and its underlying complications. One among such are diabetic wounds which are difficult to heal, creating severe implications in the day-to-day chores of not only patients, but also family members. Dehydrozingerone (DHZ) is known to possess various effects like anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties. The effect of DHZ on different phases of diabetic wound healing remains untested. Hence, this study was proposed to find out the effect of oral and topical formulation of DHZ on day 5, 10 and 15 of diabetic wound healing. Excisional wounds were created on the dorsal side of animals using punch biopsy to mimic human diabetic wounds. Topical DHZ gel (100 mg in 1 gm of gel) was prepared using 1% Carbopol 934 and was applied twice a day. The treated groups had increased percentage of wound closure; western blotting suggested that DHZ significantly increased ERK and JNK levels and decreased TNF and MMP 2 and 9 levels. From histopathological studies, it was observed that angiogenesis, collagen formation, granulation tissue formation, and fibroblast proliferation were improved on days 5, 10, and 15 of diabetic wound healing. These findings indicate that DHZ (both systemic and topical) are effective during the early phases of wound healing which gets impaired in diabetic wounds. Dehydrozingerone accelerated diabetic wound healing by regulating the various hallmarks of wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farmiza Begum
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
- Department of Pharmacology, Vaagdevi Pharmacy College, Bollikunta, Warangal, Telangana 506005 India
| | - Krishnadas Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
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Gourishetti K, Keni R, Nayak PG, Jitta SR, Bhaskaran NA, Kumar L, Kumar N, Krishnadas N, Shenoy RR. Sesamol-Loaded PLGA Nanosuspension for Accelerating Wound Healing in Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9265-9282. [PMID: 33262587 PMCID: PMC7695744 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s268941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic foot ulcer is an intractable complication of diabetes, characterized by the disturbed inflammatory and proliferative phases of wound healing. Sesamol, a phenolic compound, has been known for its powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycaemic and wound healing properties. The aim of the present study was to develop a sesamol nano formulation and to study its effect on the various phases of the wound healing process in diabetic foot condition. Methods Sesamol-PLGA (SM-PLGA) nanosuspension was developed using nanoprecipitation method. TEM, in vitro drug release assay and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies were performed for the optimised formulation. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in high fat diet (HFD)-fed streptozotocin-induced type-II diabetic animal model was used to assess the SM-PLGA nanosuspension efficacy. SM-PLGA nanosuspension was administered by oral route. TNF-α levels were estimated using ELISA and Western blot analysis was performed to assess the effect on the expression of HSP-27, ERK, PDGF-B and VEGF in wound tissue. Wound re-epithelization, fibroblast migration, collagen deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration were assessed by H&E and Masson’s trichrome staining. Effect on angiogenesis was assessed by CD-31 IHC staining in wound sections. Results The optimized SM-PLGA nanosuspension had an average particle size of <300 nm, PDI<0.200 with spherical shaped particles. Approximately 80% of the drug was released over a period of 60 h in in vitro assay. Half-life of the formulation was found to be 13.947 ± 0.596 h. SM-PLGA nanosuspension treatment decreased TNF-α levels in wound tissue and accelerated the collagen deposition. Whereas, HSP-27, ERK, PDGF-B and VEGF expression increased and improved new blood vessels’ development. Rapid re-epithelization, fibroblast migration, collagen deposition and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration at the wound site were also observed. Conclusion Results indicate that sesamol-PLGA nanosuspension significantly promotes the acceleration of wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers by restoring the altered wound healing process in diabetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Gourishetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghuvir Keni
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Pawan Ganesh Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivas Reddy Jitta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Navya Ajitkumar Bhaskaran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nandakumar Krishnadas
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
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Bahirat UA, Talwar R, Shenoy RR, Nemmani KVS, Goel RN. Combination of APD668, a G protein-coupled receptor 119 agonist with linagliptin, a DPPIV inhibitor, prevents progression of steatohepatitis in a murine model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with diabetes. Med Mol Morphol 2018; 52:36-43. [PMID: 29959534 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-018-0200-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by the presence of hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and hepatocyte injury with or without fibrosis. In this study, we explored the effect of APD668, a GPR119 agonist alone or in combination with linagliptin, a DPPIV inhibitor, on the progression of steatohepatitis in a murine model of NASH with diabetes. A novel NASH model with diabetes was generated by administration of streptozotocin injection to neonatal C57BL/6 mice (2-3 days old) combined with a high-fat diet feeding from the age of 4 weeks. The plasma biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, inflammation and histopathological changes were assessed. APD668 alone showed reduction in plasma glucose (- 39%, P < 0.05) and triglyceride level (- 26%) whereas a combined treatment of APD668 with linagliptin resulted in a more pronounced reduction in plasma glucose (- 52%, P < 0.001) and triglyceride (- 50%, P < 0.05) in NASH mice. In addition, co-administration of APD668 with linagliptin demonstrated a significant decrease in hepatic triglyceride, NAS score, hepatic TBARS and hepatic TNF-α in NASH mice with diabetes. These findings suggest that GPR119 receptor agonists in combination with DPPIV inhibitors may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakant Ashok Bahirat
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited (Research Park), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India.
| | - Rashmi Talwar
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited (Research Park), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India
| | - Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kumar V S Nemmani
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited (Research Park), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India
| | - Rajan Naresh Goel
- Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), Lupin Limited (Research Park), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India
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Bahirat UA, Shenoy RR, Talwar R, Goel RN, Nemmani KVS. Co-administration of APD668, a G protein-coupled receptor 119 agonist and linagliptin, a DPPIV inhibitor, prevents progression of steatohepatitis in mice fed on a high trans-fat diet. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:1608-1613. [PMID: 29203247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-Alcoholic SteatoHepatitis (NASH) is the more severe form of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and is characterized by the presence of hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, hepatocyte injury with or without fibrosis. Recently, GPR119 receptor has emerged as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of APD668, a GPR119 agonist alone or in combination with linagliptin, a DPPIV inhibitor on the progression of steatohepatitis in mice fed on a high trans-fat diet. In this study, monotherapy with either APD668 or linagliptin caused a reduction in the levels of ALT, AST, glucose, cholesterol and epididymal fat mass but the effect was more pronounced upon treatment with combination of both drugs. On the other hand, combined treatment of APD668 with linagliptin demonstrated a non-significant additive effect in reduction of hepatic triglyceride (-78%) and cholesterol (-56%) compared to monotherapy groups. Moreover, co-administration of APD668 and linagliptin resulted in enhanced levels of active GLP-1 with additional benefit of significant synergistic decrease in body weight gain (-19%) in mice. We speculated that the enhanced effect observed with the combination treatment could be due to either 1) direct activation of GPR119 receptors present in liver and intestine or 2) enhanced active GLP-1 levels or 3) decreased degradation of GLP-1 in-vivo through DPPIV inhibition. Therefore, these findings clearly suggest that GPR119 receptor agonists in combination with DPPIV inhibitors may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakant Ashok Bahirat
- Lupin Limited (Research Park), Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Mulshi, Pune, 412 115, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Rashmi Talwar
- Lupin Limited (Research Park), Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Mulshi, Pune, 412 115, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajan Naresh Goel
- Lupin Limited (Research Park), Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Mulshi, Pune, 412 115, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kumar V S Nemmani
- Lupin Limited (Research Park), Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Mulshi, Pune, 412 115, Maharashtra, India
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Bahirat UA, Shenoy RR, Goel RN, Nemmani KVS. APD668, a G protein-coupled receptor 119 agonist improves fat tolerance and attenuates fatty liver in high-trans fat diet induced steatohepatitis model in C57BL/6 mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 801:35-45. [PMID: 28274625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) receptor is a rhodopsin-like, class A Gαs-coupled receptor, predominantly expressed in pancreatic islet cells and intestinal entero-endocrine cells. GPR119 has been emerged as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes. In this study, we investigated the effect of APD668, a GPR119 agonist alone and in combination with linagliptin, a DPPIV inhibitor on oral fat tolerance test. Our findings demonstrate that APD668, a GPR119 agonist inhibits the intestinal triglyceride absorption after acute fat load in mice. Single dose administration of APD668 increases incretin secretion and enhances total PYY levels in presence of fat load in mice. We found that, the anti-dyslipidemic action of APD668 was reversed in presence of exendin-3 in oral fat tolerance test. In addition, our results showed that exendin-3 (9-39) failed to block the effect of APD668 on gastric emptying indicating that gastric emptying effects of APD668 are indeed mediated through GPR119 receptor dependent mechanism. Combined administration of APD668 and linagliptin significantly increased plasma active GLP-1 levels in-vivo and showed improvement in fat tolerance. However, APD668 failed to show anti-dyslipidemic activity in tyloxapol-induced hyperlipidemia in mice. Furthermore, we investigated the chronic effects of APD668 on hepatic steatosis in high trans-fat diet fed steatohepatitis model in mice. Oral administration of APD668 in HTF diet fed mice ameliorated hepatic endpoints such as plasma ALT, AST, liver weight and steatosis. These findings suggest that GPR119 agonists may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakant Ashok Bahirat
- Lupin Limited (Research Park), Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Mulshi, Pune 412115, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajan Naresh Goel
- Lupin Limited (Research Park), Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Mulshi, Pune 412115, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kumar V S Nemmani
- Lupin Limited (Research Park), Department of Pharmacology, Novel Drug Discovery and Development (NDDD), 46A/47A, Village Nande, Mulshi, Pune 412115, Maharashtra, India
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Kondamudi PK, Kovelamudi H, Nayak PG, Rao MC, Shenoy RR. Curcumin half analog modulates interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in inflammatory bowel disease. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S296-302. [PMID: 26664018 PMCID: PMC4653340 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.165991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was aimed at examining the effect of dehydrozingerone (DHZ), half analogue of curcumin which is the active constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in the di-nitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) induced model for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (200-220 g) were divided into four groups (n = 6). Chemical induction of IBD was done by sensitizing with 300 µL of 20 g/L of DNCB (in acetone) onto the nape of rats for 14 days followed by intra-colonic instillation of 250 µL of DNCB (0.1% DNCB in 50% alcohol) solution on day 15. Rats in Group 1 (normal control) and Group 2 (DNCB control) were treated with vehicle. Rats in Group 3 were treated with DHZ (100 mg/kg, p.o.; 8 days) and Group 4 animals were treated with sulfasalazine (SS) (100 mg/kg, p.o.; 8 days). On 24(th) day, the rats were killed, colon removed and the macroscopic, biochemical, and histopathological evaluations were performed. RESULTS The levels of myeloperoxidase, thiobarbituric acid reactive substrate, and nitrite increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the DNCB group whereas reduced significantly in the DHZ and SS treated groups. Serum nitrite levels were found to be insignificant between the different groups. Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha level was significantly high in the DNCB group. CONCLUSION These findings show that DHZ can be a promising molecule for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phani Krishna Kondamudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Hemalatha Kovelamudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Pawan G Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Mallikarjuna Chamallamudi Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
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Shenoy RR, Sudheendra AT, Nayak PG, Paul P, Kutty NG, Rao CM. Pro-healing effects of morin, a natural antioxidant, on normal and dexamethasone-impaired wounds. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2011; 22:131-5. [PMID: 22865434 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp.2011.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of morin on skin breaking strength, hydroxyproline, lysyl oxidase, DNA and RNA content of experimentally inflicted wounds in rats. METHODS This study was performed on albino rats of either sex at the Central Animal Research Facility (CARF), Manipal University. RESULTS Morin showed significant wound contraction on day 7 as compared to control with mean closure of 47.44±6.07% in excision wound model. Granulation tissue breaking strength was significantly increased (p<0.05) in the morin treated group with 180.2±7.94 g when compared to control at 151.2±6.99 g. There was a significant increase in hydroxyproline content with the morin treated group when compared to control with 3.41±0.33 μg/mg of granulation tissue. Similarly, the wound parameters were improved with the morin treated group in dexamethasone delayed healing. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that morin treatment accelerates the healing process delayed by concurrent use of steroids.
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