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Omidifar N, Masoumzadeh R, Saghi SA, Nikmanesh A, Shokripour M, Mousavi SM, Nikmanesh Y, Gholami A. A New Approach in the Early Electrochemical Diagnosis of Hepatitis B Virus Infection using Carbon-based Nanomaterials. Recent Pat Nanotechnol 2024; 18:NANOTEC-EPUB-139342. [PMID: 38523523 DOI: 10.2174/0118722105285022240311062943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The importance of early diagnosis of hepatitis B virus infection to treat and follow up this disease has led to many advances in diagnostic techniques and materials. Conventional diagnostic tests are not very useful, especially in the early stages of infection; it is therefore suggested that nanomaterials can enhance them by changing and strengthening their performance for a more accurate and rapid diagnosis. Electrochemical immunosensors with unique features such as miniaturization, low cost, specificity, and simplicity have become a convenient and vital tool in the rapid diagnosis of hepatitis B. Different strategies have been presented, such as graphene oxide and gold nanorods [GO-GNRs], graphene oxide [GO], copper metal-organic framework/ electrochemically reduced graphene oxide [Cu-MOF/ErGO] composite, label-free graphene oxide/Fe3O4/Prussian Blue [GO/Fe3O4/PB] immunosensor, and graphene oxide-ferrocene-CS/Au [ GO-Fc-CS/Au] nanoparticle layered electrochemical immunosensor. In this review, we discuss a group of the most widely used nanostructures, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, which are used to develop electrochemical immunosensors for the early diagnosis of the hepatitis B virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Omidifar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Masoumzadeh
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Nikmanesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Shokripour
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yousef Nikmanesh
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Gholami A, Mousavi SM, Masoumzadeh R, Binazadeh M, Bagheri Lankarani K, Omidifar N, Arjmand O, Chiang WH, Moghadami M, Pynadathu Rumjit N. Advanced Theranostic Strategies for Viral Hepatitis Using Carbon Nanostructures. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1185. [PMID: 37374770 DOI: 10.3390/mi14061185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
There are several treatment protocols for acute viral hepatitis, and it is critical to recognize acute hepatitis in its earliest stages. Public health measures to control these infections also rely on rapid and accurate diagnosis. The diagnosis of viral hepatitis remains expensive, and there is no adequate public health infrastructure, while the virus is not well-controlled. New methods for screening and detecting viral hepatitis through nanotechnology are being developed. Nanotechnology significantly reduces the cost of screening. In this review, the potential of three-dimensional-nanostructured carbon substances as promising materials due to fewer side effects, and the contribution of these particles to effective tissue transfer in the treatment and diagnosis of hepatitis due to the importance of rapid diagnosis for successful treatment, were extensively investigated. In recent years, three-dimensional carbon nanomaterials such as graphene oxide and nanotubes with special chemical, electrical, and optical properties have been used for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis due to their high potential. We expect that the future position of nanoparticles in the rapid diagnosis and treatment of viral hepatitis can be better determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Reza Masoumzadeh
- Department of Medical, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Binazadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Health Institute, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Navid Omidifar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Omid Arjmand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 14687-63785, Iran
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Mohsen Moghadami
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Nelson Pynadathu Rumjit
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Level 3, Block A, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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