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Gallego Berciano P, Gª San Miguel Rodríguez-Alarcón L, Pérez de Vargas Bonilla E, Hinojosa Cervera ML, Sastre García M, Arias Bohigas P, Cano Portero R, Sierra Moros MJ, Simón Soria F, Barriga Martín LA, Aparicio Azcárraga P. [Long-term care facilities (LTCF) for the elderly: the surveillance of communicable diseases as part of health care and protection.]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2022; 96:perspectiva28_gallego_berciano_etal. [PMID: 36384906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, healthcare has undergone important changes. Increased life expectancy has given rise to an aging population that, according to the United Nations, is about to become one of the most important social transformations of the 21st century. Globally, there were 727 million people aged 65 or over in 2020 (9.3% of the total population) and this is estimated to increase to 16% by 2050 . In the European Union (EU), the percentage of the population aged 65 or over has increased from 9.6% in 1960 to 20.3% in 2019 and is projected to increase to 31.3% by 2100. We are also witnessing a process of aging of the elderly population, with a proportion of very old people (those aged 80 and over) in the total population of the European Union of 5.8% in 2019 . Spain is one of the countries with the highest proportion of older people, with a percentage of citizens aged 65 or over in 2020 of 19.6% of the total population, and with a projection of 26.5% for 2035. Almost a third of this population (6%) are 80 years or older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Gallego Berciano
- Jefa de Servicio del Departamento de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
| | | | - Esther Pérez de Vargas Bonilla
- Subdirectora Adjunta de Planificación, Ordenación y Evaluación, Instituto de Mayores y Servicios Sociales (IMSERSO). Madrid. España
| | - Maria Llanos Hinojosa Cervera
- Subdirección General de Planificación, Ordenación y Evaluación, Instituto de Mayores y Servicios Sociales (IMSERSO). Madrid. España
| | - María Sastre García
- Data Manager del Departamento de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
| | - Pedro Arias Bohigas
- Jefe de Área del Departamento de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
| | - Rosa Cano Portero
- Jefe de Área del Departamento de Enfermedades Transmisibles, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
| | - María José Sierra Moros
- Subdirectora del Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias (CCAES), Ministerio de Sanidad. Madrid. España
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
| | - Fernando Simón Soria
- Director del Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias (CCAES), Ministerio de Sanidad. Madrid. España
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
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Pampaka D, Gómez-Barroso D, López-Perea N, Carmona R, Portero RC. Meteorological conditions and Legionnaires' disease sporadic cases-a systematic review. Environ Res 2022; 214:114080. [PMID: 35964674 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A number of studies suggest that meteorological conditions are related to the risk of Legionnaires' disease (LD) but the findings are not consistent. A systematic review was conducted to investigate the association of weather with sporadic LD and highlight the key meteorological conditions related to this outcome. PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and OpenGrey were searched on 26-27 March 2020 without date, language or location restrictions. Key words included "legionellosis", "legionnaires' disease", combined with "meteorological conditions", "weather", "temperature", "humidity", "rain", "ultraviolet rays", "wind speed", etc. Studies were excluded if they did not examine the exposure of interest, the outcome of interest and their association or if they only reported LD outbreak cases. The study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and it was registered in PROSPERO (#CRD42020168869). There were 811 articles, of which 17 were included in the review. The studies investigated different meteorological variables and most of them examined the combined effect of several variables. The most commonly examined factors were precipitation and temperature, followed by relative humidity. The studies suggested that increased precipitation, temperature and relative humidity were positively associated with the incidence of LD. There was limited evidence that higher wind speed, pressure, visibility, UV radiation and longer sunshine duration were inversely linked with the occurrence of LD. A period of increased but not very high temperatures, followed by a period of increased precipitation, favour the occurrence of LD. Increased awareness of the association of temperature and precipitation and LD occurrence among clinicians and public health professionals can improve differential diagnosis for cases of sporadic community-acquired pneumonia and at the same time contribute to improving LD surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Pampaka
- National Centre of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Diana Gómez-Barroso
- National Centre of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí López-Perea
- National Centre of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Carmona
- National Centre of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Cano Portero
- National Centre of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Estévez Reboredo RM, de Fuentes Corripio I, Carmona R, Cano Portero R. [Toxoplasmosis in Spain, analysis of hospitalizations during the period 1997-2018.]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2021; 95:e202112194. [PMID: 34916482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Toxoplasmosis is a systemic infectious disease. Infection is acquired by ingestion of Toxoplasma gondii cysts or by vertical transmission mother-to-child during pregnancy (congenital toxoplasmosis). In Spain, the prevalence shows wide variability depending on the region and the study. The incidence in other European countries evidences a decline in recent years. The aim of this study was to characterize the presence and the epidemiological patterns of the disease in the Spanish population with information obtained of hospitalized cases with a diagnosis of toxoplasmosis at discharge. METHODS The interactive platform of the Specialized Registry (RAE-MBD) of the Ministry of Health was used to obtain data on hospital discharges with "toxoplasmosis" diagnosis. Frequencies and rates of hospital discharges were calculated according to sex, age groups, region and diagnosis at discharge. Sequence graphs were generated to analysed the temporal evolution of the number of hospitalizations. The trends and slopes of the RHs were analyzed using "joinpoint" regression models, estimating the mean annual percentage change (PCAM) in the RHs and its 95% confidence interval. RESULTS There were 13,704 cases with toxoplasmosis diagnosis at discharge, (58%) were men. The highest hospitalization rate (RH) was in the 15-44-year-old men group (5,804 discharges and HT=2.52). During the period studied a decrease in the number of discharges was observed, it was progressive and affected all the autonomous regions, being more pronounced in men (81.9% vs 63.9%). CONCLUSIONS The number of hospitalizations in Spain decreased substantially during the studied period (1997-2018), similar to other European studies reported. The decrease was progressive and mainly affected men between 15-44 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Mª Estévez Reboredo
- Área de Análisis de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
| | - Isabel de Fuentes Corripio
- Unidad de Toxoplasmosis y Protozoos Intestinales. Laboratorio de referencia e Investigación en Parasitología. Centro Nacional de Microbiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
| | - Rocío Carmona
- Área de Vigilancia en Salud Pública. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
| | - Rosa Cano Portero
- Área de Análisis de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
- CIBERESP. España
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Hoefer A, Pampaka D, Rivas Wagner E, Alemán Herrera A, García-Ramos Alonso E, López-Perea N, Cano Portero R, Herrera-León L, Herrera-León S, Núñez Gallo D. Management of a COVID-19 outbreak in a hotel in Tenerife, Spain. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 96:384-386. [PMID: 32425635 PMCID: PMC7231486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first accounts of SARS-CoV-2, authorities have encountered numerous unprecedented situations threatening public health. This rapid communication addresses events that led to the quarantining of a hotel in Tenerife, Spain and the effectiveness of the rapidly implemented control measures. In total, eight cases have been associated with the hotel. Due to the international nature of the guests, had these timely precautions not been in place, a multinational cluster might have formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hoefer
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; European Public Health Microbiology Training Programme (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Despina Pampaka
- National Centre for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Rivas Wagner
- Área Técnica de Salud Pública, Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Tenerife, Servicio Canario de Salud, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Araceli Alemán Herrera
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Comunidad Autónoma de las Islas Canarias, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Noemí López-Perea
- National Centre for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Cano Portero
- National Centre for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Herrera-León
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Herrera-León
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Núñez Gallo
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Comunidad Autónoma de las Islas Canarias, Tenerife, Spain
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Fernández Martínez B, Martínez Sánchez EV, Díaz García O, Gómez Barroso D, Sierra Moros MJ, Cano Portero R. Zika virus disease in Spain. Surveillance results and epidemiology on reported cases, 2015-2017. Med Clin (Barc) 2019; 153:6-12. [PMID: 30797578 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Zika virus disease is a challenge for public health due to its rapid spread and potential foetal complications. Although it is imported in Spain, there is a risk of autochthonous transmission due to Aedes albopictus presence. Zika disease and congenital cases have been under surveillance since 2016. The objective of this study is to explore the epidemiology of disease and pregnancies result. MATERIAL AND METHODS A descriptive study was carried out into cases reported to the National Surveillance Network (RENAVE) during the 30/11/2015 to 31/12/2017 period. The case definition and the survey are included in the RENAVE protocol. The variables were: date; notifying region (Autonomous Community (AC)); pregnancy and its evolution; case classification; mode of transmission; country or region of infection; socio-demographical, clinical and microbiological data. A descriptive analysis of the cases and their distribution according to the other variables was carried out. RESULTS A total of 512 cases were reported by 17 ACs. 507 were non-congenital, of which 327 (64.5%) were women (52.5% of childbearing age). 403 cases (79.5%) corresponded to 2016 and 193 (38.1%) resided in regions with A. albopictus presence between May and October. 96.1% of imported cases were infected in America (51.7% while visiting relatives). Three cases (3.9%) of congenital Zika virus infection were detected among 77 pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS The evolution of reported cases was in accordance with that of the epidemic in America. The largest group of travellers was young women who travelled to Latin America on family visits. Pregnancy monitoring resulted in the identification of Zika related foetal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fernández Martínez
- Área de Análisis en Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España.
| | - Elena V Martínez Sánchez
- Área de Análisis en Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España
| | - Oliva Díaz García
- Área de Análisis en Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Diana Gómez Barroso
- Área de Análisis en Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España
| | - M José Sierra Moros
- Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias, Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social, Madrid, España
| | - Rosa Cano Portero
- Área de Análisis en Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, España
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Mayoral Cortes JM, Aragonés Sanz N, Godoy P, Sierra Moros MJ, Cano Portero R, González Moran F, Pousa Ortega Á. [Chronic diseases as a priority for the public health surveillance system in Spain]. Gac Sanit 2016; 30:154-7. [PMID: 26832857 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
At present, epidemiological surveillance in Spain remains focused on the communicable diseases included in the list of notifiable diseases. However, there has been a change in epidemiological pattern that predominated until the last few decades of the twentieth century. Infectious diseases, which used to be the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, have given way to a predominance of chronic diseases. In this regard, progress has been made in the drafting and adoption of specific legal regulations on public health monitoring. However, Spain has yet to develop this legislation which, among other elements, includes the mandate to organize the surveillance of non-communicable diseases in Spain. This article aims to describe some points that should be considered in the development of a national surveillance system linked to existing strategies for the prevention and control of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuria Aragonés Sanz
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Pere Godoy
- Agencia de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Lleida, España
| | | | - Rosa Cano Portero
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | | | - Ánxela Pousa Ortega
- Consellería de Sanidade de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
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Cano Portero R, García Delgado C, Mateo Ontañón SD. Enfermedad meningocócica. Situación en España en la temporada 1998-1999. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2000. [DOI: 10.1590/s1135-57272000000400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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