Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): A Mini-Review of Lipid Profile, Blood Glucose, and Ovarian Histological Improvements

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women that is characterized by fluid-filled sacs in the ovaries and various symptoms, including high androgen levels, endometrial irregularities, and cysts. Although the main cause of PCOS remains unknown, it has been linked to genetic, endocrine, and metabolic factors, and there are several treatment options, including lifestyle modifications, medications, and surgery. Natural products such as medicinal plants and fruits are being explored as potential treatments for PCOS because of their bioactive compounds with pharmacological effects related to antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Some of these compounds improve insulin sensitivity, reduce inflammation, and enhance glucose metabolism, thereby benefiting patients with PCOS. This mini-review examined the effects of natural products on PCOS, including their effects on ovarian histological changes, blood glucose, sex hormones, and lipid profiles, based on animal and human studies. This study suggests that the use of natural products as complementary medicines can be a promising resource for the development of effective therapeutics for PCOS; however, further research is needed to fully understand their benefits.

Comparison of Microbiological Water Quality and Chlorine Level Between Adult Public Swimming Pool and Baby Public Swimming Pool in Klang Valley, Malaysia.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-108056/v4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0]

Background: Swimming has become one of the favourite sports in Malaysian due to its health benefits, for essential skills. The public swimming pool is not only for an adult, but there are created for children as well. Objective: This research aim is to assess the microbiological water quality and chlorine levels between adult and baby public swimming pools in Klang Valley. Methodology: 21 water sample from public swimming pools, including hotel, apartment, and public swimming pool in Lembah Klang, Malaysia, was collected using sterile bottles (30 ml). Physicochemical parameters were determined using standard instruments and methods (rainbow model 78), and the colony's presence was counted using the heterotrophic plate count (HPC) method. Result: The HPC shows that out of 21 swimming pools for adults and 21 swimming pools for babies, 19.10% did not follow the World Health Organization (WHO) HPC. Regarding the microbiological quality (mean colony count) between baby and adult pools, there were slight differences of 0.24%. The baby pool shows a higher colony count value at 111.00±197.33 than the adult pool at 87.10 ±149.54. The independent t-test showed no significant difference, with a p-value of 0.65 (p<0.05). For chlorine level, the baby pool showed 47.6% of swimming pools following standard chlorine level, and for an adult pool, 42.90 %. Comparing between two groups offer a higher value, with chlorine at 1.58 ± 1.37 while adult pools at 1.41±1.29. The p-value for both, as analysed by an independent t-test, indicates 0.694 (p<0.05), which is not significant. Conclusion: The study recommends improvement in the personal hygiene of swimmers, adequate disinfection of the pools and enforcement of standards by the government.

Comparison of Microbiological Water Quality and Chlorine Level Between Adult Public Swimming Pool and Baby Public Swimming Pool in Klang Valley, Malaysia.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-108056/v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0]

Background: Swimming has become one of the favorite sports in Malaysian due to the health benefits, for essential skills. The public swimming pool is not only for an adult, but there are created for children as well. Objective:This research aim is to assess the microbiological water quality and chlorine levels between adult and baby public swimming pools in Klang Valley. Methodology: 21 water sample from public swimming pools, including hotel, apartment, and public swimming pool in Lembah Klang, Malaysia, was collected. The water samples were collected in sterile bottles (30 ml). Physicochemical parameters were determined using standard instruments and methods (rainbow model 78), and the colony was present using a heterotrophic plate count (HPC). Result: The heterotrophic plate count shows that out of 21 swimming pools for adults and 21 swimming pools for babies, 19.1% did not follow the World Health Organization (WHO), HPC. Regarding the microbiological quality (mean colony count) between baby and adult pools, there were slight differences of 0.24%. The baby pool shows a higher value of colony count at 111±197.334 compared with the adult pool at 87.095±149.543. The independent t-test showed no significant difference, with a p-value of 0.65 (>0.05). For chlorine level, the baby pool showed 47.6% of swimming pools following standard chlorine level, and for an adult pool, 42.9 %. Comparing between two groups offer a higher value with chlorine at 1.581 ± 1.369 while adult pools at 1.414±1.293. The p-value for both, as analysed by an independent t-test, indicates 0.694 (>0.05); not significant. Conclusion: The study recommends improvement in the personal hygiene of swimmers, adequate disinfection of the pools and enforcement of standards by the government.