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Caragut RL, Ilie M, Cabel T, Günșahin D, Panaitescu A, Pavel C, Plotogea OM, Rînja EM, Constantinescu G, Sandru V. Updates in Diagnosis and Endoscopic Management of Cholangiocarcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:490. [PMID: 38472961 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an adenocarcinoma originating from the epithelial cells of the bile ducts/hepatocytes or peribiliary glands. There are three types of cholangiocarcinoma: intrahepatic, perihilar and distal. CCA represents approximately 3% of the gastrointestinal malignancies. The incidence of CCA is higher in regions of the Eastern world compared to the Western countries. There are multiple risk factors associated with cholangiocarcinoma such as liver fluke, primary sclerosing cholangitis, chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Endoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of cholangiocarcinoma. The main endoscopic methods used for diagnosis, biliary drainage and delivering intrabiliary local therapies are endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound. The purpose of this review is to analyze the current data found in literature about cholangiocarcinoma, with a focus on the actual diagnostic tools and endoscopic management options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Luiza Caragut
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Ilie
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodor Cabel
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Deniz Günșahin
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Afrodita Panaitescu
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Christopher Pavel
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Mihaela Plotogea
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Mihaela Rînja
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Constantinescu
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vasile Sandru
- Clinical Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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