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Dube S, Chionuma H, Matoq A, Alshiekh-Nasany R, Abbott L, Poiesz BJ, Dube DK. Expression of various sarcomeric tropomyosin isoforms in equine striated muscles. Open Vet J 2017; 7:180-191. [PMID: 28717602 PMCID: PMC5498770 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v7i2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to better understand the training and athletic activity of horses, we must have complete understanding of the isoform diversity of various myofibrillar protein genes like tropomyosin. Tropomyosin (TPM), a coiled-coil dimeric protein, is a component of thin filament in striated muscles. In mammals, four TPM genes (TPM1, TPM2, TPM3, and TPM4) generate a multitude of TPM isoforms via alternate splicing and/or using different promoters. Unfortunately, our knowledge of TPM isoform diversity in the horse is very limited. Hence, we undertook a comprehensive exploratory study of various TPM isoforms from horse heart and skeletal muscle. We have cloned and sequenced two sarcomeric isoforms of the TPM1 gene called TPM1α and TPM1κ, one sarcomeric isoform of the TPM2 and one of the TPM3 gene, TPM2α and TPM3α respectively. By qRT-PCR using both relative expression and copy number, we have shown that TPM1α expression compared to TPM1κ is very high in heart. On the other hand, the expression of TPM1α is higher in skeletal muscle compared to heart. Further, the expression of TPM2α and TPM3α are higher in skeletal muscle compared to heart. Using western blot analyses with CH1 monoclonal antibody we have shown the high expression levels of sarcomeric TPM proteins in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Due to the paucity of isoform specific antibodies we cannot specifically detect the expression of TPM1κ in horse striated muscle. To the best of our knowledge this is the very first report on the characterization of sarcmeric TPMs in horse striated muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syamalima Dube
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Henry Chionuma
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Amr Matoq
- University of Florida, College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Suite 1130, 841 Prudential Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32207, USA
| | - Ruham Alshiekh-Nasany
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Lynn Abbott
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Bernard J Poiesz
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Dipak K Dube
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
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Dube DK, Dube S, Abbott L, Wang J, Fan Y, Alshiekh-Nasany R, Shah KK, Rudloff AP, Poiesz BJ, Sanger JM, Sanger JW. Identification, characterization, and expression of sarcomeric tropomyosin isoforms in zebrafish. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2017; 74:125-142. [PMID: 27998020 PMCID: PMC5352492 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tropomyosin is a component of thin filaments that constitute myofibrils, the contractile apparatus of striated muscles. In vertebrates, except for fish, four TPM genes TPM1, TPM2, TPM3, and TPM4 are known. In zebrafish, there are six TPM genes that include the paralogs of the TPM1 (TPM1-1 and TPM1-2), the paralogs of the TPM4 gene (TPM4-1 and TPM4-2), and the two single copy genes TPM2 and TPM3. In this study, we have identified, cloned, and sequenced the TPM1-1κ isoform of the TPM1-1 gene and also discovered a new isoform TPM1-2ν of the TPM1-2. Further, we have cloned and sequenced the sarcomeric isoform of the TPM4-2 gene designated as TPM4-2α. Using conventional RT-PCR, we have shown the expression of the sarcomeric isoforms of TPM1-1, TPM1-2, TPM2, TPM3, TPM4-1, and TPM4-2 in heart and skeletal muscles. By qRT-PCR using both relative expression as well as the absolute copy number, we have shown that TPM1-1α, TPM1-2α, and TPM1-2ν are expressed mostly in skeletal muscle; the level of expression of TPM1-1κ is significantly lower compared to TPM1-1α in skeletal muscle. In addition, both TPM4-1α and TPM4-2α are predominantly expressed in heart. 2D Western blot analyses using anti-TPM antibody followed by Mass Spectrometry of the proteins from the antibody-stained spots show that TPM1-1α and TPM3α are expressed in skeletal muscle whereas TPM4-1α and TPM3α are expressed in zebrafish heart. To the best of our knowledge, this is by far the most comprehensive analysis of tropomyosin expression in zebrafish, one of the most popular animal models for gene expression study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak K Dube
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Syamalima Dube
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Lynn Abbott
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Jushuo Wang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Yingli Fan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Ruham Alshiekh-Nasany
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Kalpesh K Shah
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Alexander P. Rudloff
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Bernard J. Poiesz
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Jean M. Sanger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Joseph W. Sanger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, New York 13210
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Alshiekh-Nasany R, Zidan A, Martinez C. Extensive intracranial arterial stenoses in conjunction with the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitor Nilotinib. Clin Case Rep 2016; 4:1184-1186. [PMID: 27980759 PMCID: PMC5134215 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
New‐generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are promising agents for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but the linkage to vascular diseases warrants a special attention from treating physicians, as it may carry major morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Awss Zidan
- Department of Neurology SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA
| | - Carmen Martinez
- Department of Neurology SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse New York USA
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Alshiekh-Nasany R, Douer D. L-Carnitine for Treatment of Pegasparaginase-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Acta Haematol 2016; 135:208-10. [PMID: 26841296 DOI: 10.1159/000442342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Similar to pediatric regimens, multiple doses of L-asparaginase (PEG-Asp) are being increasingly used in adults with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with promising results. One of the most common side effects of the drug in adults is high-grade hyperbilirubinemia and transaminitis. Despite being almost always reversible and may not recur, clinicians may still be reluctant to continue with PEG-Asp in patients with liver toxicity, losing the benefit from multiple doses of the drug. CASE REPORT We describe a case of adult ALL who developed PEG-Asp-related high grade liver toxicity. The rising hyperbilirubinemia and transaminitis rapidly and permanently reversed using the amino-acid derivative L-carnitine. This case goes in line with similar observations in animal models and humans. CONCLUSION L-Carnitine may show therapeutic benefit in PEG-Asp-related hepatotoxicity and should be considered in clinical trials of the drug.
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