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Costa E, Pedroso AR, Matos R, Cunha Rodrigues M, Padrão E, Sousa-Neves J, Rolo R. Predictive factors for dose reduction and discontinuation of nintedanib in fibrotic interstitial lung diseases: Real life data. Respir Med 2024; 225:107603. [PMID: 38513874 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Nintedanib, an intracellular inhibitor targeting multiple tyrosine kinases, has emerged as a standard treatment for various fibrotic lung diseases. Despite its efficacy, side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, and hepatotoxicity often lead to dose reduction or discontinuation. In this retrospective analysis at an university hospital's interstitial lung disease clinic, we aimed to identify baseline characteristics associated with dose adjustment or treatment discontinuation. Of the 58 patients included, 41.4% maintained the full nintedanib dose, while 31.0% required dosage reduction, and 27.6% discontinued treatment due to adverse events, predominantly gastrointestinal and hepatotoxic effects. Multivariate analysis revealed body surface area (BSA) as an independent and significant baseline risk factor (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 0.22), suggesting a 78% decreased chance of requiring dose modification for every decimal point increase in BSA. A BSA cutoff of ≤1.73 m [2] exhibited a sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 91.7%, with significant impact on one-year survival under full-dose treatment (p < 0.001). Lower BSA was associated with early onset adverse effects, particularly gastrointestinal, supporting the need for regular clinical monitoring. The study emphasizes the importance of recognizing baseline factors to ensure the safety and tolerability of nintedanib, thereby preventing the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. These findings contribute to the evolving understanding of nintedanib management in fibrotic interstitial lung diseases, guiding clinicians in personalized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Costa
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.
| | | | - Rita Matos
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Eva Padrão
- Pneumology Department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Rui Rolo
- Pneumology Department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
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2
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Gonçalves Pimenta DA, Carvalho R, Pereira R, Rolo R, Ferreira L. Interstitial nephritis secondary to treatment with pembrolizumab, a rare complication in two patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2022; 93. [PMID: 35904102 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2022.2368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi) have become nowadays one of the most widely prescribed anticancer treatments. Pembrolizumab is a highly selective monoclonal immunoglobulin approved as a first-line monotherapy treatment in adult patients with untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with programmed cell death 1 (PD-L1) expression greater than 50% and lack of mutations. ICPi can precipitate immune-related adverse events. Data on the incidence and characteristics of nephrotoxicity from ICPi are limited and caused largely from small case series and oncologic studies. Two patients with a diagnosis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, undergoing treatment with pembrolizumab who manifested interstitial nephritis secondary to this treatment, are presented below. The growing use of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer imposes the physician's attention to possible adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rui Rolo
- Pneumology Unit, Hospital of Braga.
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3
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Gonçalves Pimenta DA, Meira L, Rolo R, Ferreira L. Sarcoidosis-like reaction secondary to adalimumab treatment in a patient with axial spondyloarthritis. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2022; 93. [PMID: 35791620 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2022.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-TNF agents, namely adalimumab, are safe drugs that represent an important arsenal in the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. "Paradoxical effects" have been described with their use. A sarcoidosis "like" reaction induced by these agents is rare and is characterized by a systemic granulomatous reaction indistinguishable from sarcoidosis. We present a 55-year-old male patient, with axial spondyloarthritis, treated with with adalimumab. About 17 months under this therapy, he complained of dry cough and wheezing. Chest CT showed a peri-lymphatic and pericisural micronodular pattern and hilo-mediastinal lymph nodes, suggestive of sarcoidosis. Angiotensin converting enzyme was increased. Assuming the hypothesis of a sarcoidosis-like reaction secondary to adalimumab this therapy was discontinued with progressive improvement in the patient's complaints and in the radiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonor Meira
- Pneumology Unit, Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPO), Porto.
| | - Rui Rolo
- Pneumology Unit, Hospital of Braga.
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Gonçales RA, Bastos HN, Duarte-Oliveira C, Antunes D, Sokhatska O, Jacob M, Rolo R, Campos CF, Sasaki SD, Donato A, Mapelli SN, Costa S, Moura CS, Delgado L, Morais A, Torrado E, van de Veerdonk FL, Weichhart T, Lambris JD, Silvestre R, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Cunha C, Carvalho A. PTX3 Inhibits Complement-Driven Macrophage Activation to Restrain Granuloma Formation in Sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1140-1152. [PMID: 35767663 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202112-2771oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of granulomas in response to persistent stimuli. The long pentraxin PTX3 has emerged as a component of humoral innate immunity with essential functions in the resolution of inflammation, but its role during granuloma formation is unknown. OBJECTIVES To evaluate PTX3 as a modulator of pathogenic signals involved in granuloma formation and inflammation in sarcoidosis. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from sarcoidosis patients harboring loss-of-function genetic variants and gene-deleted mice were used to assess the role of PTX3 in experimental models of granuloma formation in vitro and in vivo. The identified mechanisms of granulomatous inflammation were further evaluated in tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage samples and correlated with the disease course. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We have identified a molecular link between PTX3 deficiency and the pathogenic amplification of complement activation to promote granuloma formation. Mechanistically, PTX3 deficiency licensed the complement component C5a-mediated activation of the metabolic checkpoint kinase mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and the reprogramming of macrophages toward increased glycolysis to foster their proliferation and aggregation. This process sustained the further recruitment of granuloma-promoting immune cells and the associated pro-inflammatory microenvironment, and influenced the clinical course of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify PTX3 as a pivotal molecule that regulates complement-mediated signaling cues in macrophages to restrain granulomatous inflammation and highlight the therapeutic potential of this signaling axis in targeting granuloma formation in sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helder N Bastos
- University of Porto, 26706, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Oksana Sokhatska
- University of Porto, 26706, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Jacob
- University of Porto, 26706, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Rolo
- Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Conceição Souto Moura
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 285211, Anatomic Pathology, Porto, Portugal.,University of Porto Faculty of Medicine, 26705, Anatomic Pathology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Delgado
- Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Medicina, 26705, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Morais
- Centro Hospitalar São João, Pulmonology, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - John D Lambris
- University of Pennsylvania, 6572, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas, IRCCS, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | | | - Cristina Cunha
- University of Minho, 56059, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Braga, Portugal
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Pimenta DA, Aguiar FL, Fernandes BC, Rolo R. Late diagnosis of pulmonary agenesis. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e245233. [PMID: 34706915 PMCID: PMC8552127 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-245233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary agenesis is defined as the complete absence of one or both lungs, including the bronchi, bronchioles, vasculature and lung parenchyma. Most of these malformations are detected in early childhood. A residual number remains asymptomatic and undiagnosed until adulthood. The clinical presentation is wide, ranging from asymptomatic to respiratory complaints like dyspnoea, respiratory distress and a history of recurrent lung infections. This case presents a 54-year-old woman with complaints of coughing, dyspnoea for medium exertion and wheezing for a couple of months. Based on the results of complementary diagnosis methods, right pulmonary agenesis was diagnosed without other malformations. Simultaneously, an asthma diagnosis was also performed. The treatment of pulmonary agenesis is symptomatic. Simultaneous cardiovascular malformations could require surgical interventions. This case demonstrates that pulmonary agenesis may remain undiagnosed, be identified incidentally, and have a good and long prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rui Rolo
- Pneumology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
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Aguiar F, Rolo R, Rodrigues AP, Fernandes B, Ferreira L. The golden bronchus. Respir Med Res 2021; 80:100812. [PMID: 34224956 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmer.2021.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Aguiar
- Pneumology department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.
| | - R Rolo
- Pneumology department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - A P Rodrigues
- Pathology department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - B Fernandes
- Pneumology department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - L Ferreira
- Pneumology department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
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Lages J, Angela C, Rolo R. Foreign Body Aspiration in the Left Bronchial Tree: Apropos of Two Cases. J Med Cases 2018. [DOI: 10.14740/jmc3025w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Lacerda C, Lages J, Rolo R. Secondary Organizing Pneumonia Mimicking Pulmonary Metastasis of a Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma. Arch Bronconeumol 2017; 54:S0300-2896(17)30420-9. [PMID: 29248260 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joana Lages
- Pneumology Department, Hospital de Braga, Portugal
| | - Rui Rolo
- Pneumology Department, Hospital de Braga, Portugal
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Couto A, Almeida M, Marques H, Nabiço R, Rolo R, Cunha J, Pardal F, Carvalho S. Pneumonia Organizativa Fibrinosa Aguda Induzida pelo Rituximab: Uma Entidade a (Re)conhecer. Gaz Med 2017. [DOI: 10.29315/gm.v4i3.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A pneumonia organizativa fibrinosa aguda é uma entidade histológica, incluída no grupo das doenças pulmonares intersticiais, com múltiplas etiologias, incluindo a toxicidade farmacológica.Os autores descrevem o caso de um homem de 73 anos, com diagnóstico de linfoma linfoplasmocítico, sob tratamento de manutenção com rituximab após quimioterapia. O doente desenvolveu um quadro clínico insidioso caracterizado por tosse não produtiva, dispneia e astenia. A integração dos aspetos imagiológicos e da histologia de biópsia pulmonar conduziram ao diagnóstico de pneumonia organizativa fibrinosa aguda. Após suspensão do fármaco e instituição de corticoterapia o doente apresentou evolução clínica e imagiológica favorável.Dada a utilização crescente de terapêuticas-alvo em oncologia, o presente caso pretende contribuir para o reconhecimento desta entidade como potencial evento adverso.
Recebido: 07/06/2017 - Aceite: 30/08/2017
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Cruz JF, Rolo R, Iglésias L, Cunha J. CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy: predictive factors of pneumothorax. Rev Port Pneumol 2014; 20:174-6. [PMID: 24656418 DOI: 10.1016/j.rppneu.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J F Cruz
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.
| | - R Rolo
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - L Iglésias
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - J Cunha
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
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Pacheco C, Morais A, Rolo R, Ferreira L, Nabiço R, Cunha J. Chronic granulomatous disease associated with common variable immunodeficiency - 2 clinical cases. Rev Port Pneumol 2014; 20:219-22. [PMID: 24462347 DOI: 10.1016/j.rppneu.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic granulomatous disease associated with common variable immunodeficiency (GD-CVID), although well documented, is rare. Granulomatous lesions can affect several organs and are histologically indistinguishable from sarcoidosis. CLINICAL CASES Case 1: A 39-year-old male patient with CVID, asymptomatic although with thrombocytopenia and mediastinal-hilar adenopathies. GD-CVID was diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy. Progressive clinical and radiological improvement was obtained with corticotherapy. Case 2: A 38-year-old male patient with CVID, suffered from asthenia, anorexia, myalgia, lower limbs edemas, and dry cough. He had mediastinal and bilateral hilar adenopathies within which biopsy revealed non-necrotizing granulomatous infiltrate. A spontaneous resolution was detected after 9 months of evolution. CONCLUSION GD-CVID is rare and can mimetize other pathologies, namely, sarcoidosis; it should therefore be publicized and discussed so that it becomes a general clinical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pacheco
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.
| | - A Morais
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar de São João; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Rolo
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - L Ferreira
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - R Nabiço
- Serviço de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - J Cunha
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
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Rolo R, Mota P, Coelho F, Alves D, Fernandes G, Cunha J, Hespanhol V, Magalhães A. Sedação com midazolam na broncofibroscopia – estudo prospetivo. Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia 2012; 18:226-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rppneu.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Rolo R, Campainha S, Duarte R. Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis: A clinical challenge. Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia 2012; 18:205-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rppneu.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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