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Shakeel W, Javaid S, Anjum SMM, Rasool MF, Samad N, Alasmari F, Alasmari AF, Alaqil FA, Alqarni SA, Alotaibi FM, Alqahtani F, Imran I. Time course evaluation of lacosamide alone and in polypharmacy on behavioral manifestations and oxidative stress in lithium-pilocarpine-induced model. J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 71. [PMID: 33316769 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2020.4.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The lithium-pilocarpine model in rats is commonly used to study the characteristic events of acute status epilepticus (SE), epileptogenesis and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Here we investigated the impact of lacosamide alone and in combination with other drugs (pregabalin, piracetam and scopolamine) on spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs) and behavioral parameters during the time frame of 6 weeks after SE. In addition, the level of oxidative stress in the hippocampus was accessed by real-time microdialysis study (8-isoprostanes) and antioxidants enzymes in the homogenate. Results revealed severe behavioral deficits with the control epileptic group and animals displayed hyperexcitability, aggression apprehension and memory insufficiency. Pharmacological manipulation for 6 weeks with lacosamide (L) - 80 mg/kg; in polypharmacy with pregabalin (L/P) - 50/50 mg/kg and piracetam (L/Pi) - 50/140 mg/kg significantly (P < 0.05) ameliorated the anxiety-related behavior (open filed, elevated plus maze, light/dark tests), depression (forced swim test) and improved spatial/reference memory (Morris water maze). There were low incidences of seizures in L, L/P and L/Pi groups revealing disease-modifying effects of employed drugs. Furthermore, the chronic use of scopolamine (L/P/S; 50/50/2 mg/kg) as polypharmacy with the concept of antagonizing the cholinergic inputs in the epileptogenic phase aberrated the behavioral situation further worse. Treatments with L/P and L/Pi significantly attenuated (P < 0.05) the oxidative stress by reducing 8-isoprostanes and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels in the L/P group were significantly (P < 0.05) improved. Overall, our findings support the use of a combination of drugs (L/P and L/Pi) in lithium-pilocarpine model which remarkably ameliorated SRSs, reduced anxiety-related behaviors, retention of spatial/reference memory and lowered oxidative stress in a time-course evaluation 6 weeks post- SE insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Shakeel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - S Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800, Multan, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - S M M Anjum
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M F Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - N Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - A F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - F A Alaqil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - S A Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - F M Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - I Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University 60800, Multan, Pakistan.
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