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Hallier A, Callier P, Sauge J, Cristofari S, Lombardo GAG, Aubriot-Lorton MH, Stivala A. Novel role of fluorescent in situ hybridization technique (FISH) in recommended surgical margins of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: A preliminary study. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2024; 69:124-130. [PMID: 37652836 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare skin tumor. There is no standard recommendation for its surgical management. The currently used histological analysis are HES (hematoxylin eosin saffron) staining and immunohistochemistry for CD34 expression in particular cases. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique is only used to qualify the DFSP as translocated or non-translocated and is not used as a diagnostic method. The aim of our study was to determine by FISH (as a diagnostic method) whether cancerous cells that could not be identified through HES staining±immunohistochemistry were present at the two-centimeter margins that were found to be tumor-free. METHODS Samples from patients who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2018 were collected. Intralesional and peripheral (at 2cm margins) paraffin slides were included. An average of 7.4 slides per specimen was analyzed. Firstly, the preselected slides were reread by a senior pathologist to confirm the absence of microscopic findings of DFSP at 2cm margins. Secondly a FISH analysis was used as a quantitative diagnostic approach, in order to find the t(17;22) translocation. RESULTS Among the seven specimens that included 2cm margins, two samples presented one or more translocations, which were not visible in standard morphology assessments at two centimeters tumor-free margins. CONCLUSIONS FISH analysis can have a new role in defining tumor-free margins. This would reduce the incidence of disease recurrence after resection and improve the post-operative complementary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hallier
- Department of Maxillofacial, Plastic, Reconstructive and Esthetic Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - P Callier
- Department of Human Genetics, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - J Sauge
- Department of Pathology, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Sorbonne University, 21, rue de l'École-de-Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - G A G Lombardo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Cannizzaro, Burn & Plastic Surgery, Via Messina, 829 Catania, Italy; Università Unikore di Enna, Piazza dell'Università, 94100 Enna EN, Italy.
| | | | - A Stivala
- Department of Maxillofacial, Plastic, Reconstructive and Esthetic Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France; Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de Mâcon, 350, boulevard Louis-Escande, 71000 Mâcon, France
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Youkharibache A, Ramelli E, Pavon G, Atlan M, Letourneur D, Cristofari S. [Cytosteatonecrosis after breast reconstruction by fat flap with or without ischemic preconditioning]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2024; 69:34-41. [PMID: 36966098 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cytosteatonecrosis (CTN) is a frequent postoperative complication after breast autologous reconstruction using DIEP (deep inferior epigastric perforator) flap. CTN radiological diagnostic reveals different types of lesions, as nodes or extended fat necrosis, which become in some cases infected, or pass for tumor recurrence after breast cancer treatment. CTN is caused by intraoperative ischemia of the flap, and no current method can prevent postoperative CTN development after DIEP breast reconstruction. Mechanical ischemic preconditioning, consisting in intraoperative briefs consecutive cycles of ischemia reperfusion using vascular clamp upon the graft pedicle, is used in transplantation surgery. This procedure improves the graft tolerance towards ischemic surgical lesions. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to assess PCIM effects on CTN development after DIEP surgery, comparing CTN occurrence after breast reconstruction using DIEP flap with or without intraoperative PCIM. MATERIAL AND METHODS All patients breats reconstructed using DIEP flap between novembre 2020 and may 2022, presenting 6 months postoperative breast echography were retrospectively included. Primary outcome was the ultrasonic existence of CTN, according to the Wagner classification. Clinical data, postoperative outcomes such as infection, hematoma or surgical revision, and length of stay in hospital were also recorded. RESULTS Twenty nine patients among which 8 PCIM were included. CTN occurrence rate after PCIM (25%) was quite lower than CTN rate without PCIM (71,4%), although the difference was not significant (P=0,088). Other postoperative complications rates were not significantly different with or without PCIM. CONCLUSION PCIM seems to improve CTN occurrence after DIEP breast reconstruction, improving fat flap tolerance to ischemic perioperative lesions. Those preliminary results need to be confirmed with clinical prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Youkharibache
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sorbonne University and inserm 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - E Ramelli
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
| | - G Pavon
- INSERM 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris City University, Paris, France.
| | - M Atlan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sorbonne University and inserm 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - D Letourneur
- Inserm 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris City University, Paris, France.
| | - S Cristofari
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sorbonne University and inserm 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
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Chabbert-Buffet N, Sermondade N, Moreau E, Cristofari S, Johnson N, Mathieu d'Argent E, Levy R, Dupont C. [Transition, fertility and options for preservation of fertility]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2023; 68:484-490. [PMID: 37423825 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Oftentimes ignored or infrequently expressed, some transgender persons harbor a desire for parenthood. Given the evolution of medical techniques and the enacting of legislative reforms, it is henceforth possible to propose fertility preservation strategies in the overall context of gender transidentity. During the "female to male" (FtM) transition pathway, androgen therapy has an impact on gonadic function, generally inducing blockage of the ovarian function, with amenorrhea. Even though these events may be reversed on cessation of treatment, the possible long-term effects on future fertility and on the health of children yet to be born are little known. Moreover, transition surgeries definitively compromise the possibility of pregnancy insofar as they involve bilateral adnexectomy and/or hysterectomy. Options for fertility preservation in the framework of FtM transition are premised on cryopreservation of oocytes and/or ovarian tissue. In a comparable manner, even though relevant documentation is lacking, hormonal treatments for persons transitioning from male to female (MtF) can have an impact on future fertility. In the event of surgery involving bilateral orchidectomy in which spermatozoid cryopreservation has not been carried out, fertility is definitively impossible. In both cases and under present-day legislation, numerous legal and regulatory barriers render highly problematic the reutilization of cryopreserved gametes. Given these different constraints, it is indispensable to closely supervise these types of treatment by proposing psychological support.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chabbert-Buffet
- Centre de fertilité Tenon, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - N Sermondade
- Centre de fertilité Tenon, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - E Moreau
- Centre de fertilité Tenon, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Centre de fertilité Tenon, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - N Johnson
- Centre de fertilité Tenon, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - E Mathieu d'Argent
- Centre de fertilité Tenon, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - R Levy
- Centre de fertilité Tenon, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - C Dupont
- Centre de fertilité Tenon, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Cristofari S. [Eye feminization]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2023; 68:430-435. [PMID: 37423826 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Eye feminization embraces surgical and non-surgical aesthetic procedures used in order to feminize upper third of the face. Eye feminization is indicated for transwomen during facial gender affirming surgery, and also for aging women. During aging, volume of facial osseous and soft tissues is decreasing, the orbit is squeletonizing, with skin sagging, evolving in a more masculine appearance of the orbital area. Upper eye area analyze (forehead, temple, eyebrow, eyelid, external canthus) as lower eye area analyze (zygoma, dark circle, palpebral bags, eyelid skin) must be assessed in preferential order in order to maximize good post-therapeutic results. Procedures include bony surgery (frontoplasty, orbitoplasty), browlift, external canthoplasty, fat grafting, and also classic eyelid surgery or aesthetic medicine injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cristofari
- Sorbonne université, 15-21, rue de l'École-de-Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.
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Litrico L, Aid R, Youkharibache A, Letourneur D, Cristofari S. Effect of ischemic preconditioning on skeletal tissue tolerance after warm venous ischemia. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2023; 68:315-325. [PMID: 36966096 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Free muscular flaps are commonly used in plastic surgery. The main reason of failure is thrombosis induced by a phenomenon called ischemia reperfusion. Preconditioning showed an interest to prevent ischemia reperfusion injury in transplantation surgery. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of ischemic preconditioning on skeletal tissue tolerance after warm venous ischemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We realized an experimental study with latissimus dorsi flaps of 12 pigs, divided in 6 groups in function of their time of preconditioning and duration of warm venous ischemia. A morphologic analysis was performed measuring cell's diameter and interstitial tissue area and notifying the presence or absence of neutrophils, necrosis or intravascular thrombosis. To detect inflammation, necrosis or hypoxia, immunohistochemistry was effectuated using the follow primary antibodies, AIF, HIF1 alpha, caspase 3, SOD 1 and PKC epsilon. TUNEL assay showed apoptosis cells, were realized. One way Anova test was performed to compare the quantitative evolution over time of histological parameters and rate of apoptosis. RESULTS Preconditioning of 40min or 1hour allowed to reduced ischemia reperfusion lesions: no cellular or interstitial oedema, reduction of neutrophils infiltrate and intravascular thrombus. TUNEL assay showed a higher rate of apoptosis nucleus for the control group E compared to preconditioning group C and D. Immunohistochemistry results were no relevant. CONCLUSION We showed a diminution of lesions of ischemia reperfusion for experimental groups with preconditioning: diminution of interstitial oedema, of cellular oedema, diminution of neutrophils infiltrated and level of apoptosis cells. Preconditioning of 40minutes were as efficient as one hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Litrico
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sorbonne University and INSERM 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - R Aid
- INSERM 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris City University, Paris, France.
| | - A Youkharibache
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sorbonne University and INSERM 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
| | - D Letourneur
- INSERM 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris City University, Paris, France.
| | - S Cristofari
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sorbonne University and INSERM 1148, LVTS, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
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Schmidt M, Ramelli E, Atlan M, Cristofari S. [Frontal sinus anatomical scanographic study of transgender patients for feminization frontoorbitoplasty surgery]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2023; 68:93-98. [PMID: 36707293 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about the anatomical elements that allow safe and predictable performance of fronto orbital surgery for facial feminization. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics (dimensions, pneumatization rate, and anterior wall thickness) of the frontal sinus in MtF transgender patients. The secondary objective was to establish reproducible criteria for CT measurements that could guide preoperative planning of frontal impaction in feminization frontoplasty (FF). MATERIALS Fifty preoperative facial mass scans of FF surgery patients were included. The mean age of the operated patients was 34 years. The F line represented the ideal forehead tilt in the absence of a frontal hump. RESULTS The height, width, depth, and thickness of the anterior sinus wall were 26.6mm (±5.7), 49.5mm (±11.3), 10.9mm (±3.3), and 3mm (±0.7), respectively. The mean sinus width to skull width ratio was 0.73 (±0.12). Six percent of patients had bilateral frontal sinus agenesis. An osteotomy of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus was performed in the 64% of patients with frontal sinus projection anterior to the F-line. The emergence of the supraorbital nerves from the frontal bone was through a bony notch in 73.8% of cases. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of the anatomy of the frontal sinus and preoperative study of the scans of the facial mass is essential for planning the FF. These characteristics guide the surgical technique of bone remodeling as well as the procedure for releasing the supraorbital nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schmidt
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - E Ramelli
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, avenue Molière, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - M Atlan
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, 4, place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, 4, place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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Briet M, Barkatz J, Frontczak S, Ramanah R, Chabbert Buffet N, Cristofari S. [Modalities of gynecological follow-up of transgender patients - Literature review]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2022; 50:788-796. [PMID: 36150648 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Transgender patients are at increased risk of cancer, sexually transmitted diseases, short- and long-term postoperative complications in patients with vaginoplasty, but also unwanted pregnancy in non-hysterectomized trans men. However, access to care is often difficult for these patients, who often do not benefit from appropriate gynecological monitoring, especially for fear of judgment or discrimination. In view of the health risks of these patients, it is essential to be able to offer them specific and adapted gynecological follow-up. To date, there are no clear recommendations regarding the gynecological follow-up of transgender patients. We relied on the recommendations of the World Professional Association of Transgender Health (W-PATH) and the Endocrine Society Guideline and performed a literature review. We carried out several searches via pubmed in order to explore one by one the different aspects of gynecological follow-up, in particular of non-hysterectomized transgender men and transgender women with a vaginoplasty. It emerges from this a lack of follow-up of transgender people, with a reluctance to consult a gynecologist, associated with the lack of knowledge and experience of health professionals. Due to the risks identical to those of the general population, added to those specific to transgender people, it is important to be able to offer these patients specialized and personalized gynecological follow-up, and to raise awareness and train health professionals on the importance of and the specificities of the gynecological follow-up of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Briet
- Centre d'assistance médicale à la procréation, pôle mère-femme, CHU de Besançon, 3, boulevard Alexandre-Fleming, 25000 Besançon, France; Sorbonne université, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - J Barkatz
- Service d'urologie - Transplantation rénale- andrologie, CHU de Besançon, 3, boulevard Alexandre-Fleming, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - S Frontczak
- Centre d'assistance médicale à la procréation, pôle mère-femme, CHU de Besançon, 3, boulevard Alexandre-Fleming, 25000 Besançon, France; Service de biologie et médecine de la reproduction, cryobiologie, CHU de Besançon, 3, boulevard Alexandre-Fleming, 25000 Besançon, France; Université de Franche-Comté, UFR Santé, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - R Ramanah
- Pôle mère-femme, CHU de Besançon, 3, boulevard Alexandre-Fleming, 25000 Besançon, France; Université de Franche-Comté, UFR Santé, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - N Chabbert Buffet
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique médecine de la reproduction, hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Sorbonne université, 75005 Paris, France
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Allepot K, Cristofari S, Boucher F. [Scapular flap, an alternative to the radial forearm flap in phalloplasty: Advantages and limitations]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2021; 67:49-56. [PMID: 34949490 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antebrachial phalloplasty is considered as the standard technique in total penile reconstruction. This technique allows the creation of a phallus and a neourethra in one step at the cost of significant sequelae of the donor site. Thus, this technique has been replaced in some centers by other techniques such as the MSLD flap or the ALT flap. However, in Western populations, these techniques require the addition of a technique dedicated to the urethroplasty. The scapular flap is a technique that is not widely described in the literature and, like the antebrachial flap, allows the creation of a phallus and a urethra in one step according to the "tube within tube" technique. AIM The aim of the study was to detail this technique, to study its vascularization and to adapt the measurements of the flap to a western population. PATIENTS AND METHODS Six cadaveric dissections were performed in the laboratory. Intravascular injection of colored latex allowed easier identification of the vessels of interest and study of the subcutaneous vascular tree. Scapular flaps of variable size were raised to adapt the size to a Western population. RESULTS Six dissections were performed in Caucasian subjects. The scapular circumflex artery was constant and had a mean diameter of 3.5mm (3.3mm-3.8mm). The mean pedicle length was 7.3cm (6.8cm-8.1cm). The size of the flaps was adapted to the subcutaneous tissue and flaps of at least 14×16cm allowed the "tube within tube" technique to be performed. CONCLUSION The scapular flap has the advantage of allowing phalloplasty with urethroplasty to be performed at the same time. The pedicle is constant and of good diameter. In addition, the sequelae of the donor site are minimal. On the other hand, the pedicle used is short and the flap cannot be surgically reinnervated. Nevertheless, the restoration of a protective sensitivity allows the implantation of a penile prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Allepot
- Hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
| | - S Cristofari
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - F Boucher
- Hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Benaloun E, Sermondade N, Moreau E, Chabbert-Buffet N, Cristofari S, Johnson N, Lévy R, Dupont C. [Fertility preservation for transwomen]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 49:547-552. [PMID: 33434749 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of medical care for transgender people currently makes it possible to propose fertility preservation. Fertility preservation should be initiated before the start of hormonal treatments and/or surgical procedures. The "reproductive" aspect and the desire for parenthood among transgender people have long been ignored. However, these aspects are important to consider and fertility preservation should be discussed before the start of the physical transition. The aim of this review is to assess the literature on fertility preservation for transgender women ("male to female"). Many uncertainties remain regarding the impact of hormonal treatments on the reproductive functions of transgender women and their reversibility. However, the significant increase in the number of recently published articles is evidence of the improvement in the conditions of access to these procedures for women starting a transition process. Nevertheless, there are still a number of barriers that can prevent or delay this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Benaloun
- Service de biologie de la reproduction CECOS, AP-HP, hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - N Sermondade
- Service de biologie de la reproduction-CECOS, AP-HP, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, Saint-Antoine Research centre, Inserm équipe lipodystrophies génétiques et acquises, Paris, France
| | - E Moreau
- Service de biologie de la reproduction CECOS, AP-HP, hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - N Chabbert-Buffet
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, AP-HP, hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Service de chirurugie plastique reconstructrice et esthétique, AP-HP, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, Paris, France
| | - N Johnson
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, AP-HP, hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - R Lévy
- Service de biologie de la reproduction-CECOS, AP-HP, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, Saint-Antoine Research centre, Inserm équipe lipodystrophies génétiques et acquises, Paris, France
| | - C Dupont
- Service de biologie de la reproduction-CECOS, AP-HP, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, Saint-Antoine Research centre, Inserm équipe lipodystrophies génétiques et acquises, Paris, France.
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Cristofari S, Revol M. [Postoperative complications after genital gender confirming surgery in transgender women]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2019; 64:667-673. [PMID: 31451328 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genital gender affirmation surgery in transgender women is usually performed by single-stage penile inversion vaginoplasty, with creation of vagina, perineal urethral meatus, majora and minora labia, and clitoris. Postoperative functional or aesthetic complications are common, affecting every reconstructed part of the neovulva. Patients should be preoperatively informed of those possible complications. Postoperative close follow-up must be conducted, beginning with therapeutic learning of the self-dilation regimen, detecting and treating any complication, and ending up when complete healing is obtained among satisfied patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cristofari
- Department of plastic, reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, Tenon hospital, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Sorbonne university, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - M Revol
- Department of plastic, reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, Tenon hospital, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Diderot university, 75007 Paris, France
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Cristofari S, Guenane Y, Atlan M, Hallier A, Revol M, Stivala A. Coverage of radial forearm flap donor site with full thickness skin graft and Matriderm®: An alternative reliable solution? ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2019; 65:213-218. [PMID: 31445777 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE After harvesting a radial forearm flap (RFF) an optimal aesthetic and functional restitution of the donor site is required. In order to cover the secondary defect of the donor site, several solutions are currently available, but there is still no real evidence of the most reliable option. A retrospective study was conducted in order to evaluate a new technique of forearm coverage with artificial dermis: the association of full thickness skin graft (FTSG) with Matriderm®. METHODS Our study included all RFF performed during a 34-month period. Forty-three forearm secondary defects after harvesting a RFF (16 men, 27 female) were included. Forearm donor site was covered using three techniques: a simple FTSG, split thickness skin graft (STSG) with Matriderm® or FTSG with Matriderm®. Clinical evaluations based on residual functionality, skin quality and aesthetic result were assessed using respectively the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score and a blind panel questionnaire. RESULTS FTSG with Matriderm® showed an improved DASH (10.6/100) and VSS score (5.5/13) if compared to the other techniques, mean surgeon satisfaction score was 3/5, mean patient satisfaction score was 3/5 in the FTSG with Matriderm® group. CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed that the new association of FTSG with Matriderm® improves the DASH score and the aesthetic outcomes resulting to be a reliable solution in treating full thickness forearm skin defects after RFF harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cristofari
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Y Guenane
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - M Atlan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - A Hallier
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 14, rue Paul-Gaffarel, 21079, Dijon, France
| | - M Revol
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - A Stivala
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 14, rue Paul-Gaffarel, 21079, Dijon, France.
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Leuzzi S, Stivala A, Shaff J, Maroccia A, Rausky J, Revol M, Bertrand B, Cristofari S. Latissimus dorsi breast reconstruction with or without implants: A comparison between outcome and patient satisfaction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2019; 72:381-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Cristofari S, Bertrand B, Leuzzi S, Rem K, Rausky J, Revol M, Atlan M, Stivala A. Postoperative complications of male to female sex reassignment surgery: A 10-year French retrospective study. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2019; 64:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Edery N, Revol M, Geffrier A, Rem K, Kerfant N, Cristofari S. [Evolution of surgical indications in upper limb functional surgery for tetraplegic patients: Retrospective study of 428 procedures]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2018; 64:178-188. [PMID: 30528908 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regarding surgical strategy for upper limb functional rehabilitation in patients with traumatic tetraplegia, there are few publications and the case series are quite small. PATIENTS AND METHOD We reviewed all traumatic quadriplegic patients, operated one by one surgeon, professor Marc Revol, for functional surgery of the upper limb in the same department from 1989 to 2018. For each patient, we recorded their gender, their group according to the international classification, their age at the time of the first surgical procedure, the length of time between the accident and the first surgery and between two procedures, the average duration of the whole surgical program, and the surgical technique used for the elbow, the wrist, the long fingers and the thumb. RESULTS We reviewed 158 cases, representing 428 surgical procedures. Some surgical principles have remained unchanged through the years: the hand opening stage comes before the closing one, and systematically includes intrinsic active palliative procedures using lassos; and restoration of long fingers grasping is consistently associated with restoration of thumb gripping and with flexor tendons tenolysis in the lassos region. Other strategic points have evolved over time: restoration of active elbow extension now systematically uses the biceps over the deltoid transfer; brachio radialis (BR) to extensor digitorum communis (EDC) and to extensor pollicis longus (EPL) transfer has been replaced by tenodesis; in groups 2, 3, 4 and 5, the hand opening stage has been consistently associated with the biceps transfer, thus shortening the surgical program to two procedures instead of three for each upper limb; split distal flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tenodesis has replaced thumb arthrodesis; and, whenever it was possible, BR has been spared from group 3 and beyond. CONCLUSION In groups 2 to 5, the indications have evolved towards the following strategy. The first surgical step includes restoration of elbow extension using biceps transfer and hand opening reinforcement through four lassos, one split distal FPL tenodesis for the thumb, and EDC and EPL tenodesis to the retinaculum. The second surgical procedure consists of restoration of long fingers and thumb flexion using one unique motor (BR or extensor carpi radialis longus), and closed tenolysis of the flexor tendons in case of adhesions in the lassos area.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Edery
- Service de chirurgie plastique reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - M Revol
- Service de chirurgie plastique reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - A Geffrier
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, 104, boulevard Raymond-Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - K Rem
- Service de chirurgie plastique reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - N Kerfant
- Service de chirurgie plastique reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital de La Cavale Blanche, boulevard Tanguy-Prigent, 29200 Brest, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Service de chirurgie plastique reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
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Macheboeuf Y, Moris V, Cristofari S, Rizzi P, See LA, Beaurain J, Zwetyenga N, Guillier D. Traumatic atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation after surgical correction of prominent ears: Case report and review of the literature. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 120:157-159. [PMID: 30439548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Corrective surgery of prominent ears may be justified for social or aesthetic reasons during childhood or adulthood. Post-operative complications occur in approximately 0 to 8.4% of cases. This case describes a rare atlanto-axoid rotatory subluxation after bilateral surgical correction of prominent ears under general anesthesia. Orthopedic treatment was done after two months of medical roaming outside of our center. The one-year post-operative clinic consultation and radiological exam were normal. Only the psychological impact of the episode remained. Traumatic atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation is a rare complication but should be considered after post-operative torticollis in order to aid with diagnosis and allow doctors to implement the appropriate course of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Macheboeuf
- Dijon university hospital, department of plastic reconstructive and hand surgery, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, boulevard de Lattre de Tassigny 21000, Dijon, France
| | - V Moris
- Dijon university hospital, department of plastic reconstructive and hand surgery, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, boulevard de Lattre de Tassigny 21000, Dijon, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Plastic and reconstructive department, AP-HP, hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - P Rizzi
- Dijon university hospital, department of plastic reconstructive and hand surgery, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, boulevard de Lattre de Tassigny 21000, Dijon, France
| | - L-A See
- Dijon university hospital, department of plastic reconstructive and hand surgery, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, boulevard de Lattre de Tassigny 21000, Dijon, France
| | - J Beaurain
- Dijon university hospital, department of neurological surgery, boulevard de Lattre de Tassigny 21000, Dijon, France
| | - N Zwetyenga
- Dijon university hospital, department of plastic reconstructive and hand surgery, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, boulevard de Lattre de Tassigny 21000, Dijon, France; University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, Lipid nutrition cancer team NuTox, UMR866, boulevard Jeanne-d'Arc, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - D Guillier
- Dijon university hospital, department of plastic reconstructive and hand surgery, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, boulevard de Lattre de Tassigny 21000, Dijon, France.
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Couteau C, Rem K, Guillier D, Moris V, Revol M, Cristofari S. Improving free-flap survival using intra-operative heparin: Ritualistic practice or evidence-base medicine? A systematic review. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2018; 63:e1-e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Huby M, Rem K, Moris V, Guillier D, Revol M, Cristofari S. Are prostaglandins or calcium channel blockers efficient for free flap salvage? A review of the literature. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 119:297-300. [PMID: 29501805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The free flap failure rate is less than 5%. The responsible mechanisms of postoperative secondary ischemia are mostly vascular. The main postoperative complication leading to flap failure is thrombosis. Different strategies have been reported to improve the reliability of flaps and decrease the risk of partial or total necrosis: thus, pharmacologic agents have been studied to reduce the risk of microvascular thrombosis. The aim of this review was to evaluate the effect of calcium channel blockers and prostaglandins on free skin flap survival. A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify articles studying the efficacy of calcium channel blockers and prostaglandins on free flap survival. After full text reading, eleven articles were finally included. Eight articles investigated the role of prostaglandins in free tissue transfers, two in rats subjects, one in rabbits, five in humans. Two articles studied the effect of calcium channel blockers on free flaps, one in rats subjects, one in rabbits. One article studied in different groups the effect of calcium channel blockers and prostaglandins on free flaps in rabbits. Literature regarding the efficacy of calcium channel blockers and prostaglandins to salvage free flap is poor and mainly based on animal models. Nevertheless, studies on prostaglandins showed a slight efficiency of these molecules for free flap salvage. Results are less reliable for calcium channel blockers and dependent on the molecule used. In conclusion, there is a lack of evidence to use them in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Huby
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France; AP-HP, hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - K Rem
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France; AP-HP, hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - V Moris
- Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale - stomatologie - chirurgie plastique réparatrice et esthétique - chirurgie de la main, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, 14, rue Paul-Gaffarel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - D Guillier
- Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale - stomatologie - chirurgie plastique réparatrice et esthétique - chirurgie de la main, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, 14, rue Paul-Gaffarel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - M Revol
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France; AP-HP, hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France; AP-HP, hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
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Vairinho A, Al Hindi A, Revol M, Legras A, Rem K, Guenane Y, Cristofari S, Sorin T. Reconstruction of an anterior chest wall radionecrosis defect by a contralateral latissimus dorsi flap: A case report. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2018; 63:182-186. [PMID: 29402546 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soft tissue and bone radionecrosis are rare but serious complications may occur late after radiotherapy. CASE REPORT We report the case of an 86-year-old woman with a history an infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the left breast, treated by total mastectomy, left axillary dissection and adjuvant radiotherapy. Eighteen years later, the first radionecrosis lesions appeared and grew progressively in a 6-month period. These lesions are deep, involving the anterior aspect of the 4th to the 6th ribs and infiltrating the chest wall to the left cardio-thoracic space communicating largely with the pericardium. During axillary dissection, the neurovascular pedicle of the left latissimus dorsi muscle had been severed. The first part of the operation consisted of performing a left side parietectomy of the thoracic wall with a large resection of pericardial tissue and a small myocardial patch. The second step consisted of repairing the thoracic wall defect with a contralateral musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap. CONCLUSION Due to its significant axis of rotation, the latissimus dorsi muscle flap must be considered in the therapeutic algorithm for covering of contralateral anterior chest wall defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vairinho
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - A Al Hindi
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - M Revol
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - A Legras
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - K Rem
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Y Guenane
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - T Sorin
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
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Baus A, Rem K, Revol M, Cristofari S. [Prosthetic genioplasty versus osseous genioplasty in aesthetic chin augmentation: Literature review and knowledge update]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2017; 63:255-261. [PMID: 29217082 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chin augmentation is commonly practiced, whether in microgenia treatment, in cases of orthognathic or cosmetic surgery. Located at the crossroads of many specialties, the technique choice still differs according to the surgeon specialiy. A large number of publications on the subject are available. A comparaison between different surgical methods is therefore possible concerning their indications and their complication. The purpose of this study was to carry out a literature review, with updating knowledge, as well as a synthesis indication regarding aesthetic osseous and alloplastic genioplasty. Despite the generalization of "modern" implants in France, prosthetic genioplasty remains more frequently the source of serious complications (infections, extrusions, bone erosions). Similarly, this technique has much more limited indications than osseous genioplasty, which has the advantage of a better longevity. In order to increase the aesthetic appearance of the chin, osseous genioplasty should be performed more easily and more frequently by surgeons on all sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baus
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, 5, rue Thomas-Mann, 75013 Paris, France; Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - K Rem
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, 5, rue Thomas-Mann, 75013 Paris, France; Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - M Revol
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, 5, rue Thomas-Mann, 75013 Paris, France; Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, 5, rue Thomas-Mann, 75013 Paris, France; Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
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Bomsel M, Ganor Y, Sennepin A, Dutertre C, Cristofari S, Capron C, Eugenin E, Revol M, Hosmalin A, Real F. Tissue macrophages are a major viral reservoir in male urethra of HIV-1-infected individuals under suppressive antiretroviral therapy. J Virus Erad 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30543-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Struk S, Correia N, Guenane Y, Revol M, Cristofari S. Full-thickness skin grafts for lower leg defects coverage: Interest of postoperative immobilization. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2017; 63:229-233. [PMID: 28986118 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Full-thickness skin graft is an effective reconstruction method after excision of skin lesions on the lower limb that are not amenable to primary closure. The randomness of graft take is the major drawback of this procedure. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate the outcome of full-thickness skin grafts (FTSG), used to repair lower leg defects after excision of skin lesions, after a 5-day immobilization period. MATERIAL AND METHODS All consecutive patients who underwent FTSG to cover defects below the knee between November 2011 and January 2016 were retrospective reviewed. Graft take was assessed and defined as good (>90% graft take), moderate (between 50% and 90% graft take), or poor (<50% graft take). RESULTS Seventy patients were included. Median age was 70 years (range, 18-92 years). The median area of the defect was 12cm2. Graft take was good in 64 patients (91.4%), moderate in 3 patients (4.3%), and poor in 3 patients (4.3%) at Day 5. Complications included hematoma (11%), infection (14%) and venous thrombosis (3%). CONCLUSION Full-thickness skin graft is a reliable method to repair defects on the lower leg after removal of skin lesions. A 5-day immobilization period can improve the graft take. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Struk
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - N Correia
- Chirurgie plastique reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Maison-Blanche, CHU de Reims, 45, rue Cognacq-Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Y Guenane
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - M Revol
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - S Cristofari
- Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
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Ouar N, Guillier D, Moris V, Revol M, Francois C, Cristofari S. Complications postopératoires des nymphoplasties de réduction. Étude comparative rétrospective entre résections longitudinale et cunéiforme. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2017; 62:219-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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